Guoyu, also known as Chunqiu Zhuan or Zuoshi Zhuan. Legend has it that it was written by Zuo Qiuming, a native of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. However, from the content, some modern scholars believe that it was compiled by scholars in the Warring States period according to the original data recorded by historians in various countries in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Guoyu is the earliest national history book in China, with a total of 2 1 volume (article), which records eight countries: Zhou, Lu, Qi, Jin, Zheng, Chu, Wu and Yue. The time to keep records began in the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty and ended at the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, which lasted for about 500 years.
Compared with Zuo Zhuan, the events recorded in Guoyu are mostly unrelated, and the emphasis is on memorizing words. They often reflect the facts through words and portray characters through dialogues between characters, which has certain literary value.
Theme idea.
The thought of Guoyu is more complicated. It focuses on recording facts, so the ideas it expresses will change with the people and words it remembers. For example, the Confucian language in Lu Yu You Yue contains Confucianism. In Adventure, Guan Zhongmin talks about hegemony; Fan Li is still feminine, greedy and retired, with Taoist color.
The difference between Guoyu and Zuo Zhuan and Historical Records is that the author didn't add notes such as "Gentleman's Words" or "Taishi Gong Yue". Therefore, the author's point of view is not obvious and objective. Guoyu mainly embodies the Confucian concept of respecting ceremony and people. The thought of respecting heaven and protecting the people since the Western Zhou Dynasty has been inherited in the book.
Although many places in Putonghua emphasize destiny and ask God for advice, people have paid equal attention to God in the relationship between God and people, from the worship of destiny to the attention to personnel. Therefore, we attach importance to the status and role of the people and take the people's hearts as the foundation of governance. For example, in "A Covenant between Lu and Yu", when commenting on the killing of its monarch Gong Li by Jin people, Lu Taishilige thought that the tyrant deserved to be killed and the resistance of his subjects was understandable.