Shanghai, 1888 opened.

1933 after the first opium war in Shanghai, according to the Sino-British treaty of nanking signed by 1842, Shanghai became one of the five foreign trade ports, allowing British Shanghai to set up concessions. After the opening of the port, modern Shanghai became the most prosperous port, economic and financial center in the Far East and "the only international metropolis in modern Asia". At that time, the four districts of Huangpu, Jing 'an, Hongkou and Yangpu in Shanghai today were mainly the Shanghai Concession (mainly Britain and the United States), Changning District was the cross-border road-building area of the Shanghai Concession, and Luwan and Xuhui District were mainly the Shanghai French Concession. At that time, Shanghai Concession enjoyed completely independent administrative and judicial power. The existence of the Concession made Shanghai unaffected by the war, enjoyed the actual independent status and full international ties, and brought prosperity to modern Shanghai. However, Hongkou and Yangpu District were later designated as Japanese defense zones and became the sphere of influence of the Japanese army, which suffered as much as the Chinese community during the Battle of Songhu.

In the early years of the Republic of China, Zhabei and Heather (Flower Street) outside the concession belonged to Jiangsu Province. 1928, the government of the Republic of China established the Shanghai Special City outside the concession, which was directly under the jurisdiction of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China. At the same time, it was merged into Shanghai County, Baoshan County 17 town in Jiangsu Province. In July, 1930, it was renamed Shanghai. Japan's war of aggression against China broke out in 1937. After the Battle of Songhu, the Japanese army defeated the China army and occupied all areas of Shanghai except the concession by force. The French Concession in Shanghai and the half of the Shanghai Concession south of Suzhou River experienced more than four years of isolated island period. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, Japan declared war on Britain and the United States, and then the Japanese army invaded the concession. Shanghai was occupied by Japan until 1945 when Japan surrendered unconditionally. After World War II, Shanghai was occupied and taken over by the Republic of China according to the Cairo Declaration issued by China, the United States and Britain. From 1842 to 1945, Shanghai lost its unique position and became a part of the Republic of China. Until1May, 949, Shanghai was taken over by the National Government of the Republic of China.

From 65438 to 0946, a large-scale civil war broke out between the government forces of the Republic of China and the forces led by China (see China Civil War). 1949 In May, China's armed forces, the China People's Liberation Army, defeated the government forces of the Republic of China to occupy Shanghai, and at the same time imposed military control on Shanghai, during which a large number of personnel, property and institutions were evacuated.