Shanghai public concession is the earliest concession in the history of Chinese concession, with the longest existence, the largest area, the largest management institutions and the most fully developed concession.

Settings; build

10, according to the provisions of treaty of nanking, Shanghai became a trading port open to foreign businessmen. In February, 65438, Shanghai Daotai and British Consul demarcated the north-south boundary of the British Concession on the Bund. During the period of 1844, British-funded Jardine Matheson and Baoshun Foreign Firm have leased a batch of land. From 65438 to 0845, the Sino-British Association signed the Shanghai Land Charter. 1846 also determined the western boundary of the British Concession (now Henan Road).

1848165438+1On October 27th, the western boundary of the British Concession advanced to the present Tibet Road. In the same year, local officials in Shanghai allowed American Anglican missionaries to open American concession in Hongkou.

1On September 7th, 853, Xiaodao Club occupied the county seat of Shanghai, and the China government lost control of the concession. On July 1854, 1 1 day, the British, French and American concessions in Shanghai jointly established the independent municipal organization "Shanghai Public Concession Industry Bureau" and established the police force, which formally formed the first real concession-a country within a country.

merge

1862, the French Concession withdrew from the trade union and set up its own public committee. 1In September, 863, the Anglo-American Concession in Shanghai was formally merged and unified under the management of Shanghai Municipal Council.

develop

1May, 899, the public concession in Shanghai expanded on a large scale, covering an area of 33,503 mu (22 square kilometers) and extending eastward to Zhoujiazui (now the intersection of Pingliang Road and Simon). The northern border to the junction of Shanghai and Baoshan counties; Extending westward to Jing 'an Temple. The whole concession is divided into four regions: central, northern, eastern and western.

the thirties

After the May 30th Movement, large-scale cross-border road construction basically stopped. Shanghai's public concession continues to expand outward and tends to be stable. In the golden age of Chiang Kai-shek's ten years in charge of Nanjing, Shanghai's public concessions continued to prosper.

Isolated island period

1937-165438+1October 10 During the Battle of Songhu, the Japanese army used the northern and eastern parts of the public concession as the base for attacking China's army and used the Marine Corps.

In fact, the public concession was divided into two parts, and the area north of Suzhou River became the sphere of influence controlled by the Japanese army. Known as "Shanghai Japanese Concession". Japanese-occupied areas in the north and east were attacked by many legions in China.

Violent attacks, 70% of the area was severely damaged in the war. The main parts of the public concession, namely, the central area, the western area and the western cross-border road construction area, were defended by British, American and Italian troops respectively and remained neutral in the war.

A few years. China's institutions in this area are operating as usual. Another 400,000 China refugees have been squeezed into these areas.

recover

1940, due to the outbreak of the European war, the British troops stationed in Shanghai retreated.

19411On February 8, the Pacific War broke out and the Japanese army entered the central and western regions of the public concession.

1943 65438+ 10, the United States and Britain assessed the situation, abolished the unequal treaties signed with the Qing government in history, revised the new treaties with the Chongqing National Government, and abandoned the extraterritorial rights and all concessions in China. At this point, the Shanghai public concession, which has existed legally for a hundred years, came to an end. (1August 943, Wang puppet regime symbolically "accepted" the Shanghai Concession from Japan)

After recovery

After the concession is recovered, it is still the most prosperous central area in Shanghai. After the unified administration, the Shanghai Municipal Government was established in the former Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Public Concession. 1955 moved to the former HSBC Building on the Bund. Now it is located in People's Square, converted from Shanghai Happy Valley Hall. In fact, it has never left the scope of the original public concession.

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