In the 24th year of Qing Daoguang (1844), in June, 5438+00, the Qing government signed the Huangpu Treaty with France, stipulating that five cities, including Shanghai, were open to France as trading ports, allowing French people to bring their families, live in trading ports and engage in trade activities. In the 29th year of Daoguang, Lingui and Shanghai Daotai signed an exchange of letters with the French consul, which designated Hecheng in the south, Pidgin in the north, Zhujiajiao Bridge in Guandi Temple in the west, Chaoshan Guild Hall in Guangdong in the east and the eastern corner of Pidgin as the French Concession. In the first year of Tongzhi (1862), the French Concession set up a public bureau to handle and take charge of all affairs in the French Concession. After the expansion of the French Concession for many times, in the 25th year of Guangxu (1899), French Consul General Bai Zaotai and the members appointed by the Governor of Liangjiang agreed on the new site of the French Concession: there are laws in Changbang (now the western section of Yan 'an East Road and the eastern section of Yan 'an Middle Road) in the north, Gujiazhai Guandi Temple (now the northern section of Chongqing Middle Road and Chongqing South Road) in the west, and Dinggong Bridge, Gong Yan Temple and Tatiebang (now) in the south.
In the 26th year of Guangxu reign (1900), when Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, the law police bought Gujiazhai Garden and its surrounding land 152 mu (10130,000 square meters) for 76,000 yuan, of which 1 12 mu. In the thirty years of Guangxu, the French army gradually retreated, and the French club rented some land to build tennis courts and parking lots.
In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908) and July 1, the Gongdong Bureau made a decision to transform Gujiazhai Garden into a park.
1908, during the preparation of the park, the Public Works Department of Gongdong Bureau put forward a construction plan, which was designed by French gardener Papote according to the characteristics of French gardens, and was hired by Gongdong Bureau as an engineering assistant supervisor.
The park was completed in June of Xuantong Yuannian (1909) and opened to the public in July of the same year 14, French National Day. It is called Gujiazhai Park, commonly known as French Park.
19 10 At the beginning of this year, the Engineering Department of the Communist East Bureau appointed a Frenchman, Tarama, as a full-time gardener to take charge of the park. 1965438+In June, 2007, Guangdong Bureau established the director of horticulture, who was still Talama. Other park rangers are foreigners, and some China people were not allowed to serve until after the Republic of China 17.
The early French park only occupied the central position of the current Fuxing Park, with a small area. 19 17, Guangdong bureau hired French engineer Jousseaume to take charge of the large-scale expansion and relatively thorough transformation of the park. 19 18 basically passed the design scheme and started construction. The project was modified while designing, and it was not completed until 1926. During this period, Yu Xiqi, a young horticultural designer in China, participated in some design planning work, and some drawings of his design have been preserved to this day.
Because the park was mainly designed and built by the French in the early days, the overall style and many layouts of the park have European flavor. The most notable features are symmetrical, latticed and patterned layout, good flowers, good trees, good pavilions and good mountain pools in the park.
1 June, 929, the French Concession Public Office began to sell five annual tickets, each for1USD, for five people. After the park was opened to China people, the ticket price remained unchanged, and the park made huge profits from the high-priced tickets.
In July of February12000, French Tramways and Electric Lights Company was approved to build four underground reservoirs under the lawn of the park, covering an area of 1 1.57 mu (77 13 m2). A pumping station covering an area of 409 square meters will be built near Fuxing Middle Road. In order to cooperate with this project, the public board of directors allocated funds to renovate the park in 22-23. In addition to restoring the lawn above the underground reservoir, a new green corridor and scaffolding will be built in the west of the garden, a bridge will be built on the stream of China Garden, and all the bamboo fences at the boundary of the garden will be converted into fences.
From 65438 to 0938, the ticket revenue of Gujiazhai Park was $78864, accounting for 303% of the park budget. In the early stage of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the ticket price was adjusted once a year. The annual ticket for Gujiazhai Park (including the zoo in the park) is increased from 1 USD to1USD. The ocean entrance fee in the park is 50 cents, and the zoo entrance fee is 20 cents.
1943 Wang puppet regime "accepted" the Shanghai Concession. 1944, Wang Pseudo-Shanghai Municipal Government renamed Gujiazhai Park Daxing Park.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, on New Year's Day 1946, the park was renamed Fuxing Park, which means "national rejuvenation". At that time, the total area was 1 19 mu, which was open to the general public.
After liberation, the government built and expanded various amusement service facilities in the park, with a total area of 138 mu.
1967 During the Cultural Revolution, it was renamed as Hongwei Park, but its original name was quickly restored.
2 1 century, Fuxing Park is changing with each passing day, and efforts are made to strengthen the construction and management of the park. In 2002, the renovation scheme of Fuxing Park, which featured French parks, was demonstrated by experts. The original 2000 square meters cement pavement was transformed into granite terraces, and the "flower border" was built on the north and south sides of the lawn. Two ecological toilets were renovated, all black roads were renovated, the whole drainage and sewage system was dredged, overhead lines were buried, cables 1 100 meters and abandoned telephone lines were removed 900 meters, and four illegal buildings with an area of more than 200 square meters were demolished, all of which were restored to greening and camellia trees were rebuilt.
In 2002, it was rated as a four-star park in Shanghai.