The sun was born five billion years ago. At this time, the solar system only has a newly formed primitive sun, and its center is a mass of gas, dust and rocks. Under the action of gravity, rocks with large mass collide with other rocks with small mass. After 400 million years of diving, that is, 4.6 billion years ago, the earth was born.
The newborn earth is extremely unstable and rotates very fast, only six hours a day. Coupled with the constant impact of the planet, the ultra-high temperature is generated, which makes the materials on the earth in a molten state, and the magma flows across and is covered by radioactive materials. At this time, the earth is insulated from life.
With the gradual formation of the solar system and the reduction of asteroid impact, the earth began to stabilize, and then the temperature dropped and the magma solidified, gradually forming a small piece of land, which is what we now call the crust. Because of the lack of other substances, the surface of the earth is as bumpy as the moon, which was 4 billion years ago.
In the constant crustal movement, water appeared and formed the ocean. On the earth, water is life, and the most primitive prokaryotes appear near the constant temperature water source. Its appearance opened the prelude to the evolution of life, which has been 3.5 billion years ago.
3.2 ~ 2.8 billion years ago, almost the whole earth was occupied by shallow sea, and the surface temperature of the earth dropped to 55 ~ 88℃. Microorganisms adapted to hot water began to reproduce and evolve, single cells evolved into multicellular cells, and then evolved from multicellular cells into complex multicellular life.
At the same time, plate tectonic movement occurred on the earth, and the melting center of the earth was destroyed, forming the first continent.
850 ~ 635 million years ago, the earth entered the Precambrian Great Ice Age, which lasted for 200 million years, making the earth form snowballs. Until one day, the accumulated plate movement energy promoted the crustal movement, the volcanic eruption broke the ice layer, the atmosphere began to heat up, and carbon dioxide formed oxygen in the atmosphere, which triggered the generation and evolution of the first species.
535 million years ago, with the arrival of Cambrian, life began to erupt and marine animals grew in large numbers.
420 million years ago, this land was covered with moss and ferns. Algae migrate from water to land and evolve into gymnosperms. Except bryophytes, gymnosperms are the ancestors of all terrestrial higher plants. The appearance of plants means the explosion of oxygen on the earth, and oxygen means the reproduction of life.
375 million years ago, fish in the water also began to migrate to land. Fish that walk and live on land evolved into limbs and laid eggs, and they began to explore farther land.
300 million years ago, all continents gathered together to form a super continent called Pangu, and it didn't split until 1.75 years ago, forming the continent we are familiar with now.
250 million years ago, reptiles entered a prosperous period, and at the same time they faced the biggest challenge of their lives. 96% species on the earth became extinct, which was the biggest extinction in the history of the earth, and was called Permian extinction. The reason is that volcanic eruption makes a large number of plants wither and animals suffocate due to lack of oxygen. The earth was corroded by acid rain everywhere, the temperature began to rise, the water began to dry up, and everything seemed to return to the original point. After that, we ushered in the familiar dinosaur world.
220 million years ago, the earth came back to life, plants appeared again, and a new creature, dinosaurs, ruled the earth. They survived the Triassic-Jurassic extinction time, when mammals were born.
Dinosaurs began to multiply on the earth, occupying the sea and land. Until 65 million years ago, a piece of planetary debris from outer space crashed into the earth, which not only caused an explosion, but also had a long-term impact. The atmosphere is covered with dust, blocking the sunlight. Endless cold nights hit the earth, plants withered, and the first generation of dominant dinosaurs disappeared from the earth. This period of history is called the extinction at the end of Cretaceous.
47 million years ago, the earth's temperature was 24℃, 24 hours a day, and the environment suitable for life reproduction and growth was a real life explosion. The extinction of dinosaurs brought opportunities to mammals. Animals that survived the crisis began to evolve and multiply, some continued to live on land, and some returned to the ocean, such as whales.
Since then, the earth has experienced a long evolution, with mountains, rivers and beautiful scenery. At the same time, Homo sapiens appeared 200,000 years ago, which is our human civilization today. Although it appeared at the latest, it pieced together the history of the earth, answered the origin of species and explored the mystery of the universe in the shortest time.
Throughout the whole growth history of the earth, every outbreak and extinction of life is undoubtedly short-lived, but it is also constantly evolving, which just confirms the enlightenment brought by the three-body man in Liu's "Three-body" that "civilization evolves in constant destruction".
It shows that although our civilization is progressing, we can't see its future or its real origin. For the truth, we can only explore and verify, and then overthrow the evidence step by step. After all, compared with the history of the earth, our civilization is too short.