In AD 4 10 (the sixth year of Longan), Emperor Wu of Song ordered Liu Cui to assist Liu Yilong, who was only four years old, to guard the Jingkou and defend against Lu Xun's rebellion.
In 4 15 (11th year of Yixi), Liu Yilong was made Duke of Pengcheng County. Emperor Wu of Song's Northern Expedition left Liu Yilong as the top general, and the Eastern Jin court made him the military supervisor of the secretariat of Yan Xu, Qing Ji and Xuzhou. After Emperor Wu of Song recovered Guanzhong and returned to Pengcheng (now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province), he was added as Chen's military. He was once a general and a secretariat in Yanzhou, Huaixi, and ordered him to guard Luoyang (now Luoyang City, Henan Province), but he has not yet taken office. He was renamed as Dutong, Jingyining, Qin, Yuzhou, Henan Guangping and Yangzhou, which means Songzi four county military, western corps commander and Jingzhou.
In 420 AD (the second year of Yuanxi, the first year of Yongchu), Liu Yilong was named Yidu King, with three thousand food cities and a general in Jiaxi Town.
After Song Wudi's death, Liu Yuxin succeeded to the throne (that is, Song Shaodi). Because of their excessive games, Sikong Xu Xianzhi, Fu Liang, the secretariat of the imperial court, and Xie Hui, the general, were deposed (later killed) in May 424 (the second year of Jingping), and Liu Yilong, then the secretariat of Jingzhou, was appointed emperor and changed to Yuanjia. At the same time, Xie Hui was appointed as Jingzhou secretariat.
During Liu Yilong's administration, he adopted the policy of restraining the mighty, vigorously promoted the policy of prospering the economy, attached importance to agricultural production, and shared taxes equally. In the seventeenth and twenty-first years of Yuanjia, he twice ordered the cancellation of farmers' "debts", which was called the rule of Yuanjia in history.
Liu Yilong is deep and resourceful, but he is sickly and jealous. He can't stand the minister's unauthorized abolition. In 426 AD (the third year of Yuanjia), he killed Xu Xianzhi, Fu Liang and Xie Hui, and since then, he has been self-reliant.
In 429 AD (the sixth year of Yuanjia), due to illness, Liu Yikang, king of Pengcheng, was in office. Liu Yikang was appointed as Si Tuleideng, and recorded the history of history. Later, he led Yangzhou secretariat, was promoted to general, devoted himself to the power of the DPRK, and swept the world. He once killed the famous Tan Daoji.
In 43 1 year (the eighth year of Yuanjia), the counter-offensive on the sliding platform (now hua county, Henan) was frustrated.
In 440 AD (the 17th year of Yuanjia), Liu Yilong arrested and killed Liu Zhan, a leading general who supported Liu Yikang, and deposed Liu Yikang. Jiangzhou secretariat was granted instead, and he stayed in Zhang Yu (now Nanchang, Jiangxi).
In 445 AD (the 22nd year of Yuanjia), Liu Yikang was abolished as Shu Ren.
In 450 AD (twenty-seventh year of Yuanjia), due to the invasion of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Northern Expedition was carried out again at the suggestion of Wang, and Wei Shizu Tuoba Tao mobilized 600,000 troops to fight against it. He led his troops through Hangxuan (now Runan, Henan Province) and Xiangcheng (now Shenqiu, Henan Province), crossed the Huaihe River, and went straight to Guabu (now southeast of Liuhe, Jiangsu Province). The next year, he retreated under the resistance of the military and civilians in the Song Dynasty. Jiangbei was destroyed by Wei Jun, and the national strength of Song Dynasty was weakened. When the Northern Wei Dynasty invaded the Yangtze River, Liu Yilong was afraid that Liu Yikang would take the opportunity of insurrection in the rear and ordered him to be killed. In the Southern Dynasties, the royal family began to kill each other.
In 453 AD (the 30th year of Yuanjia), Liu Shao, the eldest son, and Liu F, the second son, were scolded, so Liu Shao instigated the witch Yan to carve a statue of jade and buried it in front of the palace, cursing her early death. After the witch affair happened, he was furious and wanted to depose Shao, and told Pan about it. Pan told his son and Liu about it, and Liu reported it to Shao in Chu Jun. Liu Shao quickly discussed countermeasures with Xiao Bin, a confidant of the East Palace. As Liu Yilong's confidant, Xiao Bin suggested that Liu Shao kill his father and stand on his own feet, so Liu Shaoqin brought his own soldiers to train and actively planned.
In the middle of the night of March 16 of the same year, Liu Shaohe defected at night, led the guards of the East Palace to lie about being called to the Wei Palace and tricked the gatekeeper into letting them go. At that time, Liu Yilong was holding a candle and discussing with Xu Zhanzhi, the servant of Shangshu, about abolishing the Prince. Liu Shaobu broke Zhang Chaozhi into the temple and instinctively raised his stool to defend himself. His five fingers were cut off and finally killed by Zhang Zuke at the age of 47. Xu Zhanzhi also died at the hands of the rebels. On April 4th, 2004, Liu Yilong was buried in Changning Mausoleum. In the same month, Liu Yilong went to court, and the temple was named "Zhongzong" and posthumous title "Jingdi". Liu Jun, the king of Wuling Jiangzhou, immediately attacked Liu Shao, ascended the throne on May 20, captured the capital in June of 16, and killed Liu Shao and Liu F; After Liu Jun acceded to the throne, he changed the temple name to "Mao" and posthumous title to "Wendi".
In the 28th year of Liu Yilong, Song Wendi (AD 424-AD 452), Emperor Wu of Song continued to carry out the general plan of governing the country, cleaned up the household registration on the basis of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, ordered the cancellation of the "rent-and-lodging debt" owed by the people, and implemented a series of measures, such as encouraging students to study, developing agriculture and recruiting talents, which enabled the people to recuperate, develop social production and prosper economy and culture day by day. In 438 AD (the 15th year of Yuanjia), Lei Cizong was called to open a "Confucianism Hall" to give lectures in Jilongshan, the capital, and the three schools of metaphysics, literature and history merged into four schools.
More than a hundred years after Chen Shou's death, a large number of historical materials of the Three Kingdoms appeared. The content of reflection is very clean, and the three books are rarely repeated. However, Song Wendi thought it was too short, so he ordered Pei Songzhi to take a note. Pei Songzhi collected all kinds of historical materials, saying that "there are all kinds of paintings and descriptions, and there are all kinds of bees to taste", which made up for the shortcomings recorded in the History of the Three Kingdoms, and Emperor Wen marveled at it as an "immortal" industry.
Ye Fan's historical masterpiece "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty" is one of the "first four histories", which was also completed in the Yuan and Jia Dynasties.
Politically, he advocated culture, rectified bureaucracy, cleared household registration and attached importance to agricultural production. In the seventeenth and twenty-first years of Yuanjia, he twice ordered the reduction of "all kinds of debts" owed by farmers. From the 11th year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the last year of Emperor Wendi (AD 4 15-453), "the service was broad and simple, and it was relatively stable for more than 30 years. It was the most powerful historical period in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, which was called "the rule of Yuanjia" in history. However, in the last years of Yuanjia, the northern Wei army moved between Jianghuai and Jiangnan. After the large-scale war in the south of the Yangtze River, the city was depressed and the version was poor, and the so-called "rule of Yuanjia" ended.
Militarily, during Liu Yilong's reign, he inherited the policy of Emperor Wu of Song's Northern Expedition, and conquered Henan when the Northern Wei Dynasty was at war with Rouran, which was called "Yuanjia Northern Expedition" in history. In order to recover Henan, Liu Yilong and Song Wendi carried out two large-scale northern expeditions in 430 AD (the seventh year of Yuanjia) and 450 AD (the twenty-seventh year of Yuanjia). Every time in the Northern Expedition, Song Jun used the rainy season in spring and summer to push northward, and soon reached the front line of the Yellow River, and then stationed thousands of miles along the Yellow River. After the occupation of Henan in 430 AD (the seventh year of Yuanjia), four towns in Henan were established: Luoyang, Hulao Pass, Huatai and ` X, aiming at guarding the river. However, when the autumn was crisp and the horses were fat, the Northern Wei Dynasty took advantage of the situation to go south, and Liu Song's defense in Henan soon collapsed, so both northern expeditions ended in failure. The main reason for the failure of the Northern Expedition was the command error in Liu Yilong War.
Liu Yilong's Northern Expedition is only to recover Henan, but even if it can capture Henan, it may not be able to hold Henan. After Song Jun captured Henan, he was stationed thousands of miles along the Yellow River, and his troops were weak. Although the Yellow River is dangerous, it is not impossible to cross it, especially in the cold winter, when the river ice is solid, you can cross it without a boat. Moreover, as early as the seventh year of Yuanjia, the Northern Wei Dynasty had already expelled He from the customs, so that the Northern Wei Dynasty took Shanxi as its foundation, left Hebei, and left the customs, eyeing the Central Plains. Therefore, the problem facing Liu Yilong should actually be how to stop the aggressive southward advance of the Northern Wei Dynasty, not the offensive and defensive war in Henan. Therefore, it is not a long-term solution for Liu Yilong to visit Henan in the Northern Expedition.
In 452 AD (the 29th year of Yuanjia), Liu Yilong borrowed the death of Emperor Wu of the Northern Wei Dynasty to seek the Northern Expedition. Liu Xingzu said on the table: "It is foolish to say that it is appropriate to open Zhongshan (now Dingzhou) for a long time. To the north of Jizhou, the people entered the peak and the wheat was ripe; Because capital is easy; Those honest people must leave. When Zhongzhou shook, it collapsed south of the Yellow River. I ask you to send 7000 soldiers to send his heart. If the forerunner wins, Zhang Yong and all troops in Henan will cross the river at one time, so that the sound and reality can be lifted at the same time, and the company can be established to caress and be soft. Taihang Mountain in the west, and the northern Serbian army as the capital (now Juyongguan). Because of orders, it is appropriate to give more gifts, and people are afraid of prestige and human feelings. If it works, it will be clear. If you can't succeed, it's not a big injury. " Liu Xingzu learned the futile lesson of the previous two battles for Henan, and suggested invading Hebei from Shandong, blocking the pass of Taihang Mountain and containing the Northern Wei Dynasty in Shanxi. If Hebei is solved, Henan will naturally fall into the hands of Song Jun. If Song Jun attacked Hebei after arriving at the Yellow River, the situation in the Northern Wei Dynasty would be very dangerous, and Emperor Mao urgently needed to lead his own army to confront it. However, this policy cannot be achieved unless it is a master of outstanding talents. Liu Yilong's ambition and knowledge are not as good as this, so he didn't adopt it. The Northern Expedition was small in scale and futile.
The Northern Expeditions of Liu and Song Dynasties ended in failure, which also led to the massive counterattack of the Northern Wei Dynasty, especially the Northern Expedition in 450 AD (the twenty-seventh year of Yuanjia). After the Northern Wei Dynasty counterattacked Henan, it marched southward in a big way, and the enemy arrived in Guabu and drank horses on the Yangtze River. Liu Song's national strength has been greatly damaged.
However, Liu Yilong's foreign military activities are not without bright spots, mainly in preventing Linyi from invading China. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Linyi invaded JIAOZHOU area in southern Xinjiang of China many times, especially during Yonghe and Yixi years. During the reign of Liu Yilong, Lin Yi adopted the strategy of defending the frontier and paying tribute to China. King john young of Lin Yi is ambitious. In 433, he asked Liu Song to hand over the country to himself, but Liu Yilong refused. Since then, Lin Yi not only harassed, but also paid a small tribute. Liu Yilong could no longer tolerate Lin Yi's impudence and decided to take punitive action against Linyi. He sent general Long Xiang to pay a state visit to Tan and general Zhenwu to crusade. Fan Yangmai pretended to be afraid and was willing to return the plundered households in Rinan County. In fact, it was a plan to slow down the troops. So he moved on, and in 446 (the 23rd year of Yuanjia), he conquered Chestnut, a major town in the north (now northwest Guangxi), beheaded Chestnut King Fan, and buried all the people over 0/5 years old in the city alive, thus establishing the Jingguan. Later, Zong and others pursued Fan Yangmai and conquered Dianchong, the capital (that is, Champo Buluo, now Vietnamese tea buckwheat). Fan Yangmai fled and retreated with a large number of trophies. Liu Yilong taught Lin Yi a great victory, "China's national prestige spread far and wide". Although Lin Yi quickly restored the country, it humbly paid tribute afterwards, and there was no record of aggression against China for more than 300 years.
During the reign of Liu Yilong, the foreign policy was very flexible, and there were frequent contacts with many countries at that time. First of all, it has contacts with Southeast Asian and South Asian countries and some maritime countries, such as Tianzhu, Heluo, Lion, Dourhoda, Funan, Sumer, Huang Po and Boda. Japanese monarchs in the East also sent tributes. Through contacts with these countries, Liu Yilong has developed overseas trade and expanded Liu Song's influence.
Secondly, we fought with Daxia in the north, Rui Rui (Rouran), Beiliang, Huanglong (Beiyan) and Baekje and Koguryo on the Korean Peninsula. Tuguhun from the northwest came to pay tribute to Liu Song when he was in his aunt. After Liu Yilong acceded to the throne, he was named the Duke of Longxi, and given the posts of general of the Western Expedition and secretariat of Shazhou. Later, Mu Liyan, the monarch, was appointed as the military commander of Western Qin, He and Sha, and concurrently served as the general of the Western Expedition, the secretariat of Western Qin and He, and was named the king of Longxi. The main purpose of Liu Yilong's contacts with these countries was to jointly contain the Northern Wei Dynasty.
Finally, it was the war between Liu Yilong and the Northern Wei Dynasty. During the Yuan and Jia Dynasties, the Northern Wei Dynasty became increasingly powerful, and there were several large-scale wars with Liu and Song Dynasties. But because the two sides are evenly matched, the result can only be a long-term confrontation. But the confrontation did not stop the diplomatic contacts between the two sides. In the process of unifying the Northern Wei Dynasty, whenever there is an expedition, people often advance the Song Dynasty to avoid being attacked. Liu Song also took the opportunity to strengthen the establishment of internal ruling order, develop production, expand military equipment, and wait for opportunities to develop the north and recover lost territory. According to Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Wu Tai sent 13 envoys to Liu Song successively, and Song Wendi sent 6 envoys to the Northern Wei Dynasty. 45 1 year (in the 28th year of Yuanjia), a letter of condolence was sent, which once said, "Therefore, General Suiyuan and Jin Shou, the prefect of Guo Shang Dynasty, are unyielding." According to the imperial edict, Guo was once a special envoy of Liu and Song Dynasties to the Northern Wei Dynasty, where he was "faithful and unyielding" and quite talented.
After 30 years in office, 17-year-old Liu Yilong ascended the throne, killing powerful ministers and improving politics. He suppressed the merger of powerful countries, cleaned up household registration, reduced taxes, persuaded farmers to mulberry and rewarded Confucianism. "Yuanjia Literature" is a great era in the history of China literature, with stars such as Xie Lingyun, Liu Yiqing, Bao Zhao and Tao Yuanming shining. Military commanders Tan Daoji, Shen Qingzhi, Zong Yi, etc. pranced around and kept on. During his reign, the Song Dynasty witnessed great political, economic and cultural development, which was the most powerful historical period in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and was called "the rule of Yuanjia" in history. But at the same time, Liu Yilong was overjoyed and unrealistic, and several northern expeditions ended in fiasco. At the same time, Liu Yilong was jealous and thought his brother was a wolf and his minister was an enemy. After he ascended the throne, he killed all the ministers who supported him, such as Xu Xianzhi, Fu Liang and Xie Hui. Later, he killed famous soldiers Tan Daoji and Wang Pengcheng Liu Yikang, and lost people's hearts.
The evaluation of the past dynasties is: "Mao's childhood is special, and he doesn't care about the strictness of protecting money, but his natural demeanor and sensitivity give him the virtue of a gentleman." And located in the south, for a long time over the years, the outline was well compiled, the rules were forbidden, the punishment was constant, and the title was not excessive. Therefore, it can be clear inside and quiet outside, and the whole world is as quiet as it is. Yesterday, Tokyo in Korea was often called the story of Jianwu and Yongping. From then on, every yuan Jia, as a word, is impregnable and thriving! Xie Guangwu was ordered to send a handsome general to divide the lot. As for the war against Japan, I have to listen to it. Although the teacher lost his trip, he will not be Korean or white, but will delay the border and suppress this reason. Once the word gets out, it's difficult to make a business statement. Although the disaster is not worrying, the cover is also there. Hey! "
Li yanshou: "Wendi was a special scholar when he was young. He showed his virtue. And located in the south, for a long time over the years, the outline was well compiled, the rules were forbidden, the punishment was constant, and the title was not excessive. So you can be quiet inside. And the teacher will send it, and things are easy to divide. Only Xie Guangwu is a remote-controlled soldier. As for the battle to attack Japan, I listened to its purport. Although I lost my trip, it was not for South Korea, but for extending the border to suppress this reason. When it comes to venting, it is difficult to make a fierce vertical. Although the disaster is not worrying, the cover is natural. The husband tries his best to support himself, but he only pays his own travel expenses. Look at the world, you will kill people. Although the talent of the Duke of Zhou is beautiful, it should eventually be chaotic. From this perspective, being killed is also lucky. It's like abolishing the emperor, doing so in the article, and pretending to be the king of talents in China. One of them is enough to cause B, and they are all evil and not dead! "
Yu Shinan: "When a man is a man, benevolence means righteousness. Benevolence has the function of caring, righteousness has the function of cutting off, temper justice with mercy, and then do good. When Wen Shenyin abolished the emperor, he indulged in spoil, and when he stopped, he was in trouble. If you are guilty, you will die. "
Wang Kai: "Emperor Wen dabbled in the classics and was good at official script. Every commandment is honest and frugal. "
Sima Guang: "Emperor Wen is diligent in governing the country, and his son is beneficial to the common people, which is enough to be a good master for peace;" Unexpectedly, it was so powerful that the master and apprentice annihilated Henan and the horse was drunk in Jiangjin. At the end of the road, if you are suspicious and indecisive, it will be a disaster for you. Isn't it that you talk too much and your strength is weak? "
Xin Qiji: "Yuan Jia Cao Cao, seal the wolf in Xu, win the race to the north."
Lv Zuqian: "Song Wendi regarded the land of Yuzhou as an old thing of Song Wudi, so he exhausted the power of Yuzhou, swept away the soldiers of Yuzhou and took it down. His death is worthless. According to the history books, the defeat of Emperor Wen refers to the general plan granted by the central government, while Jiangnan and Baixia are easy to advance and retreat. To be silly, Wendi Deng didn't need veterans and old people, but used young people to make new progress, so he became a full-time subordinate and was afraid that he would be defeated. What can be done from it? Feng Yong made friends with vilen, the machine was in the ninth place, and it was definitely thousands of miles away, which made Yan people unable to succeed. How can it be in Jiangnan, in the white? But the soldiers in Jiangnan are not weak either. If Emperor Wu breaks Yan, Qin and Wei, the southern soldiers will be weak. Emperor Wu used it to be strong, and Wendy used it to be weak? South soldiers can't give their lives, can't anyone in the north call for it? Gaidi was defeated by the former, and Wendi was defeated by the latter. " "Wendi is a sage of the Song Dynasty, and the handling is wrong. Don't quit!"
Wang Yinglin: "Song Wendi, Wei Wutai, a good soldier, and Fukashi made it clear that the ominous sign of good news was obvious."
Hao Jing: "Emperor Wen tried his best to restore Henan with the prosperity of Yuanjia. When Yan was defeated, the king abdicated, so he made the horse drink from the river and built a healthy and amazing county. There was nothing on the bare land. Chun Yan came back and built a nest in the tree.
Wang Fuzhi: "Yuan Jia's Northern Expedition, Emperor Wen's punishment of power and rape, internal governance, used for six years, can not be said to be useless;" It can't be said that it's inappropriate to pull out the company, cut the creep, hit the high car, tire the northwest, and prepare to relax in the southeast; But if you don't keep the ground, you will collapse, be in a panic, and lose the land on the right. Why? It can't be that guy. Yes, Zhi Yan was defeated by Qing, Xu, Shao Hongyuan and Zhi Yan. They are not our own people, but also enemies. Wendi and Xiao are both British kings who have made great achievements in the world. Their lives will not be trusted by others, such as Yan Zhiren riding a robbery and Zhao Zhiren Zhao Cong. What he was appointed was also expected at that time, and the test was effective. If Cao is appointed as Gongsun, he is not. Does the Italian have a general talent in contemporary times, but he doesn't need it? However, after that, I never saw anyone again. The more I think about Yan Zhi, the more I think about words, and the less I use them at that time. Will heaven be stingy with raw materials? Not exactly. Naturally, it is necessary to encourage the cultivation of masters. Nowadays, people take the owner's intention as the trend, but those who are trusted by Emperor Wen and Xiao Zong to show the world through the wind are detained by people who are different from each other, saying that they can be trusted without doubt, but they don't know that they are suitable for defeat. Tao is not enough to eliminate rebellion and wisdom is not enough to control fierceness, so it is especially soft to destroy Britain; Then the world will quit being bold and resourceful, and the anger of strangers will be powerless; Therefore, there is no talent in the world to defend the country, but it is not enough. Do you want to compete with the shackles of the Central Plains for life and death? "
Personal work "A poem written in a trap during Yuan Jia's seven-year self-defense of sliding platform"
Northern expedition poetry
Deng Jingyang's building poems
Family members, parents and father: Liu Yu, Song Wudi.
Mother: Hu, Queen Mother Wen.
Brother Liu Yifu, Song Shaodi
Liu Yizhen and Lu Ling honor the king.
Shu Ren Liu Yikang
Liu, King of Jiangxia Literature
Nanjunwang Liu Yixuan
Hengyang Wen Wang Liu Yiji
Yuan Jigui, a concubine, died before Emperor Wen and was called the Queen of Wen Yuan.
Lu Huinan, the mother of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, was honored as the Empress Dowager and was called Zhao.
Ming Di's mother, Shen Rongji, was made Queen of Xuan Ming.
Children and sons
Jiang's mother, Princess Haiyan, married and had sex with her brother Liu F.
Princess of the Great Wall, married to Xie Wei (son of Xie Shu)
Linchuan princess royal, named Liu Yingyuan, married Wang Zao.
Princess royal of Huaiyang married Jiang Ping.
Princess Xincai, named Liu, married He Mai and was accepted as your wife by my nephew Liu, pretending to be Xie.
Princess Nanyang, marry Xu.
A princess named Liu was born in Dongyang, and her mother was Yuan Qigui, who married Wang Sengchuo (the son of Wang Tanshou).
Lang Xiezhen princess royal married Chu Shou.
Nan Jun offered a princess and married Chu Yuan.
Princess Xunyang, married Ye and gave birth to a female emblem as the queen.
Princess Lujiang, marry Chu Cheng.