The Qing Dynasty was the last feudal dynasty in the history of China, and the second feudal dynasty in the history of China, which was established by ethnic minorities (Manchu) and ruled the whole country. After the Twelve Emperors of Qing Dynasty, * * * ruled the country for 268 years. After entering the customs, the ten emperors were Shunzhi, Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng, Tongzhi, Guangxu and Xuan Tong.
Extended information 16 16, Nuerhachi, the leader of Jianzhou Jurchen Department, established the post-Jin Dynasty. 1636, Huang taiji changed his country name to Daqing. 1644, when the Ming Dynasty perished, Wu Sangui, the commander-in-chief of the Ming Dynasty stationed in Shanhaiguan, was demoted, and Regent Dourgen led the Qing army into the customs. In the same year, the emperor shunzhi moved to Beijing, and the Qing Dynasty replaced the Ming Dynasty as the national ruler.
In the following twenty years, the governments of Dashun, Daxi and Nanming were pacified. Later, the rebellion in San Francisco was pacified, Zheng Taiwan Province Province was unified, and the whole country was gradually controlled. ?
Kang Yong's three dynasties reached their peak. During this period, all aspects of China society reached the acme under the original institutional framework, with the greatest reform, the strongest national strength, social stability, rapid economic development, rapid population growth and vast territory.
The multi-ethnic country was unified and consolidated. The rulers of the Qing Dynasty unified the ministries of Mongolia, incorporated Xinjiang and Tibet into the territory, and implemented the policy of improving soil and returning to China in the southwest. Finally, the territory of modern China was determined, and the integrity of the country's territorial sovereignty was actively safeguarded. But feudal autocracy also reached its peak.
After the Opium War, it was invaded by foreign powers and its sovereignty and territory were seriously lost. It also began the exploration of modernization and carried out modernization reforms such as the Westernization Movement and the Reform Movement of 1898. The Sino-Japanese War and Eight-Nation Alliance's invasion of China further deepened the national crisis.
In the late Qing Dynasty, China was completely reduced to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. 19 12 February 12, Yuan Shikai, the minister of Beiyang, induced Puyi, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty who had been in power for six years, to abdicate, and issued an abdication edict, which ended the Five Tribes and the Qing Dynasty.
There was no national flag or national anthem in Qing Dynasty. After modern times, with the communication with western countries, some concepts of western countries were gradually introduced, including national flag and national anthem. In the 14th year of Guangxu reign (1888), the Qing government recognized the Red Pearl Map of Yellow Land Blue Dragon Play (commonly known as "Huanglong Banner" in Qing Dynasty) as the national flag of Qing Dynasty. ?
/kloc-From the end of 0/9 to the beginning of the 20th century, the Qing Dynasty used Pu Tianle, Li Le and Song as semi-official or contemporary national anthems. It was not until 19 1 1 that the Qing government decided to use ou as the official national anthem. Due to the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, Gong Jin Europe did not catch on later.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Qing Dynasty