1, early ape-man stage. It lived about 3 million to 1.5 million years ago. It has the basic characteristics of human beings, can walk upright and can make simple gravel tools.
2. Late ape-man stage. About 2 million years ago to 300 thousand years ago, he had a big brain like human beings. He can make more advanced paleolithic tools and start to use fire, such as China, a Beijinger in Zhoukoudian, Beijing.
3. Early Homo sapiens (the ancients) stage. From10-200,000 years ago to 50,000 years ago, it gradually broke away from the characteristics of apes and became very close to modern people, such as Neanderthals in Germany.
4. Late Homo sapiens (newcomer) stage. About 40,000-50,000 years ago, the evolution of human beings was obviously accelerated, and it was very similar to modern people in form. Culturally, there are carving and painting arts, and decorations have appeared. For example, the Neanderthals at the top of Longgu Mountain in Zhoukoudian were found in 1933. At this time, primitive religion has appeared and entered the matriarchal society. In the late homo sapiens stage,
The birth of civilization
The history of human beings is about 2 million years. During most of this period, human beings lived by ready-made natural objects and lived a life of gathering, fishing and hunting. About/kloc-0.0 million years ago. The emergence of primitive agriculture and primitive animal husbandry constitutes the premise of civilization. The testable human civilization was about five or six thousand years ago, and the appearance of ancient Egyptian civilization was the symbol of the birth of human civilization. It is generally believed that the earliest civilization appeared in Mesopotamia around 3500 BC.
Extended data
Overview of civilization
Civilization is the most essential difference between human society and other animals. Civilization is the general summary of all production activities in human society, which refers to the development level of human social economy, politics, culture and life in a certain period, that is, the total productivity level. The word "civilization" in English comes from the Latin word "Civis", which means urban residents. Its essential meaning is people's ability to live in harmony with cities and social groups.
After extension, it refers to an advanced social and cultural development state and the process of reaching this state, involving a wide range of fields, including national consciousness, technical level, etiquette norms, religious thoughts, customs and habits, and the development of scientific knowledge.
The development of productive forces plays a great role in the emergence of civilization. The change of farming methods leads to the change of social division of labor and the emergence of social class and ruling class (or the emergence of central government); These are all important features of human civilization. The criteria for judging the emergence of civilization are mainly the emergence of polis, the emergence of writing and the establishment of state system. One of the most important prerequisites is the emergence of the city-state, which can be said to be the foundation of civilization.
Baidu Encyclopedia: Ancient Human Civilization