During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, they also transported and trained war horses for the Korean battlefield and supported the front line. More than 60 years have passed, and those heroes who "trample the city with horseshoes and break it with knives and wield ghosts and gods" are over 80 years old, but their legendary stories have long been remembered in the hearts of grassland people.
After the August 11th Uprising, the uprising students of Xing 'an School of the Puppet Manchukuo Army formed the Wangye Temple Police Brigade, which was the predecessor of the First Cavalry Division in Inner Mongolia. Later, the Garrison Brigade was expanded into the Garrison Corps, and the Garrison Corps was expanded into the First Cavalry Division of the East Mongolian People's Autonomous Army. At the beginning of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, herdsmen's children on the grassland took their horses and enthusiastically signed up for the army. In many cases, several brothers even joined the army with their father, son and uncle. They have been dealing with horses since childhood, and they are very good at equestrian. After short-term military training, they can master the actions of shooting, fighting and charging at once. It is the support of the grassland people that makes the revolutionary armed forces in Inner Mongolia grow into five cavalry divisions.
1On April 3rd, 946, the "April 3rd Conference" of great significance in the revolutionary history of Inner Mongolia was held in Chengde, ending the long-term division in the history of Inner Mongolia. After the April 3rd meeting, the titles of the three cavalry divisions of the East Mongolian People's Autonomous Army were cancelled and collectively called the Inner Mongolia People's Self-Defense Force. In September of the same year, Zhuosuotumeng cavalry column was established in Chifeng. In this way, the Inner Mongolia People's Armed Forces Department has grown to five divisions, 1 column, with more than 20,000 people. Among them, except the guard regiment is an infantry, the rest are all cavalry. 1948 65438+ 10, the Inner Mongolia People's Self-Defense Force was reorganized and renamed as the Inner Mongolia People's Liberation Army, which has jurisdiction over the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 11th and 16th divisions of cavalry, Meng Zhuo Column, Guard Regiment, 3rd and 9th regiments of independent cavalry, and the People's Armed Forces Department and Station Department were established in May of the same year. In September of the same year, the 4th Cavalry Division and Meng Zhuo Column were co-edited as the 10th Cavalry Division, and the Xicha Military Region was established in June of 5438 +065438 10 to command the 11th and 16th Cavalry Divisions.
1September, 948, the Liaoshen Campaign, the first of the three major battles of the Liberation War, started. The main force of the 1st Cavalry Division was ordered by the headquarters of Northeast Field Army to stop Liao Yaoxiang Corps. Fighting for 52 days in the blockade war between Hujiawopeng and Mospao. The participating troops fought bravely and tenaciously with the enemy and successfully completed the task. Hu Jiawopeng's blocking war is the prelude to the Battle of Montenegro, and it is also the most intense and cruel persistence in the history of the First Cavalry Division.
1948101At 3 o'clock on the morning of October 23, the Hujia shack war started.
Under the cover of heavy artillery and aircraft, the third brigade of the enemy's 207th Division launched a fierce attack on the defensive position of Hujiawopeng, the first division of our cavalry. In the face of the Kuomintang army, which was five or six times the size of our army, a group of soldiers fought bravely, repelled the enemy's repeated attacks, held their ground for seven hours, killed or injured hundreds of enemies, and 65 soldiers died heroically, thus winning time for blocking Montenegro and Dahushan. During the 52 days and nights of Liaoshen Campaign, the First and Second Divisions of Inner Mongolia Cavalry always cooperated with the Northeast Field Army in the forefront, successfully completed their tasks and made contributions to the liberation of the whole Northeast.
During the War of Liberation, Inner Mongolia cavalry troops participated in Liaoshen Campaign and Pingjin Campaign, and made great sacrifices and contributions to the liberation of Northeast China and North China. At that time, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd divisions of Inner Mongolia cavalry mainly fought in the northeast battlefield, and participated in the summer offensive, autumn offensive and winter offensive of 1947 together with the Northeast People's Liberation Army, while the 16th and 11th divisions cooperated with the North China battlefield. 1 September, 948, cavalry1division and division 2 were ordered to take part in the war of blocking Montenegro and Dahushan, besieging Changchun and liberating Shenyang. Cavalry 16 Division, 1 1 Division cooperated with the main force of the North China People's Liberation Army to participate in the Chasui Campaign. 65438+ In February of the same year, the 1st 1 1 division of cavalry took part in the siege of Zhangjiakou in the Battle of Ping Jin. It has written a new chapter for the founding of New China.
The cavalry is fast, mobile, flexible and brave, and is good at campaign reconnaissance, long-distance attack, sports defense and chasing the enemy. Compared with infantry, cavalry can not only fight on foot, but also be good at shooting and stabbing at once. Mongolian cavalry are all proficient in equestrian. When they get on the horse, they can do almost anything at once. At that time, in order to avoid the enemy's air strikes, cavalry units often hid during the day, marched at night, and even ran more than 200 kilometers a night in an emergency March. When marching at night, cavalry units with hundreds or thousands of people can sleep while riding as long as the people and horses in front are awake. Horses will walk in line, and there will never be a horse left behind. At that time, brave cavalry soldiers armed with sabres and machine guns rushed on the vast grassland for a long time, such as the magic soldiers descending from heaven, which made the enemy unprepared and terrified. When fighting against the Kuomintang, the generals of the Kuomintang troops said helplessly to their subordinates, "Don't run, there are 50 thousand Mongolian cavalry outside, and they will destroy you if you run out." At that time, the prisoners of war also said: "We are afraid of Mongolian cavalry units with broadswords.
From1May 1947 to1April 30, 1949, Inner Mongolia cavalry engaged in 633 battles with Kuomintang regular troops and local troops, killing or injuring 19875 prisoners, and seizing 69 guns, 65438 light and heavy machine guns, 8359 long and short guns and various shells.
1949 In May, the Inner Mongolia People's Liberation Army was formally incorporated into the China People's Liberation Army, renamed the Inner Mongolia Military Region, and had cavalry divisions 1 5. The 10 division was renamed the 3rd division, the 1 1 division was renamed the 4th division and the16th division was renamed the 5th division. Inner Mongolia cavalry is a fast-moving unit from Changchun and Shenyang in the east to Suimeng and Yuanye in the west. During the War of Liberation, they eliminated bandits, stabilized social order, and fought side by side with field troops outside the region, leaving an immortal reputation in the revolutionary history of China.
1in June, 952, the cavalry division was cancelled and the army division was formed. The rest of the cadres were transferred to local party and government organs such as Wulanchabu League to devote themselves to the local socialist revolution and socialist construction. Most of the soldiers were demobilized and returned to their hometowns to participate in agricultural and animal husbandry production, and the cavalry division completed its glorious historical mission.
1952, five cavalry divisions were downsized and merged into the Fifth Division of the China People's Liberation Army, with three cavalry regiments, namely 13, 14 and 15, under the North China Military Region. 1954 was placed under the leadership of Inner Mongolia Military Region. 1957 the division headquarters was abolished, and the third regiment was led by the resident military division of each regiment. /kloc-in 0/964, the Fifth Cavalry Division was restored, with three cavalry regiments under its jurisdiction. 1969 was reorganized into the 34th Garrison of China People's Liberation Army, and changed to the 2nd Garrison of Beijing Military Region in the same year. 1976 new artillery regiment. 198 1 year, the Eighth Guard Corps was established. At this point, the division has the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth guard regiments and artillery regiments, directly under the tank battalion and anti-aircraft artillery battalion. 1985 12 was streamlined and reorganized into a brigade, which governed four garrison battalions and 1 artillery battalion. 1in may, 992, the second guard brigade was abolished and completed its historical mission.