In the twenty-third year of Zhenguan (649), Sinuluo, the son of Shelong, inherited the imperial edict of Monseigneur. At this time, several big imperial edicts (kings) appeared around Erhai Lake. In the north of Erhai Lake, there are letters from Heman people (now Eryuan), abrupt letters (now the biography of Deng in Eryuan) and letters from Shi Lang (now Eryuan 3rd Camp). There is a grinding imperial edict (now Binchuan) in the east of Erhai Lake, and a mourning imperial edict in the west of Erhai Lake. Because the imperial edict of Mengshe is located in the south of these "imperial edicts", it is also called "Nanzhao" in Han history. In the fourth year of Yonghui (653), in order to gain the support of the Tang Empire, the female Luo Guo sent Zi Yan to the Tang Empire and made her the secretariat of Weizhou. The other five imperial edicts and Heman tribes, threatened by Tubo, often abandoned the Tang Dynasty and joined Tubo. Nanzhao has always been attached to the Tang Dynasty, so it was supported by the Tang Dynasty. In the first year of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (7 13), Piluoge in Nanzhao was the king of Taideng County.
In the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737), Piluoge defeated Herman and took Taihe City. The following year, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty conferred the title of Meng Guiyi on Piluoge and became the king of Yunnan. According to "The Story of Sealing the King", the reason for sealing the king was that the various departments of the river sneaked into the dog (Tubo), and Meng Guiyi led the troops to make meritorious deeds. In the 26th year of Kaiyuan (738), Piluoge attempted to take advantage of the situation to annex five imperial edicts. Zhang Jiancheng suggested that Hou Lijian south our time to Wang Yu and demanded that the six imperial edicts be merged into one. Wang Xian asked the court for approval. "The Book of the New Tang Dynasty": "At that time, the five imperial edicts were small and strong in righteousness, while the thick ones were used to benefit our southern envoy Wang Yu, and the six imperial edicts were combined into one. Make it. " "In order to break the brute force, Chi sent a letter to the king of Yunnan, giving him a brocade robe and seven pieces of gold and silver. So I moved to Taihe City. "Emperor Xuanzong wrote to Wang Yu, saying that he was loyal and fought against westerners. "He controlled both ends (including the Tang Dynasty and Tubo), so it should be broken." Peluge sent troops, and the Tang Dynasty sent envoys (eunuchs) Wang and Yu Shizhen to participate in the military. First, they destroyed more analysis, then destroyed Sanbo, and then destroyed Meng Zhang. Soon, the six imperial edicts were unified and Nanzhao was formally founded. In 739, Piluoge moved its capital to Taihe City. The Tang Dynasty also used soldiers in the New Tang Book Nanzhao: "At the beginning, there were five salt wells in Anning City, and the people had to cook for themselves. Xuanzong imperial edict went to He Luguang to set up the southern imperial edict to lead troops, took the city of peace and the well, and immediately assisted the bronze column, but it was still ... "Nanzhao Kingdom attached itself to the Tang Dynasty and unified six imperial edicts. In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), our envoys Zhang Qiu (surname) and Joan of Arc sent envoys to Yunnan, which was not in conformity with Pilog's words. Pilog was very dissatisfied.
In the ninth year of Tianbao (750), Ge Luofeng passed through Yunnan (namely Yaozhou). Zhang Qiantuo, the magistrate of Yunnan, insulted women in the same trade and extorted bribes. Grove peak didn't respond. Zhang Qiantuo sent someone to insult Ge Luofeng and falsely accuse the court. Ge Luofeng was furious, rose up, attacked Yunnan, killed Zhang Qiantuo and took Jimmy State. The history books say, "The wise and foolish Zhong Tong was our ambassador to the South, and Zhang Qian Tuo was the prefect of Yunnan. Communication is urgent and ignorant, honest and deceitful, and rude to it. Nanzhao used to see his wife often, and piety was private. If he gets into trouble, Ge Luofeng should not do more, but Qian Tuo sent someone to scold him and secretly beat him up. Ge Luofeng was furious and sent troops to fight back, surrounded Qian Tuo and killed him. "
In the tenth year of Tianbao (75 1), Xian Yu led 80,000 troops to attack Nanzhao. Ge Luofeng sent envoys to apologize and make peace, and demanded the return of looted things, expressing his willingness to join the Tang Dynasty. If it is not allowed, it will be "owned by Tubo and Yunnan, not by the Tang Dynasty". Xianyu Zhongtong was not allowed to March into Xi 'er River. The enemy came to Dahecheng, the capital of Nanzhao, and was defeated by Nanzhao, with 60,000 Tang soldiers. Nanzhao also suffered heavy losses, and the eastern mansion below Yunnan Ziqu and Jingzhou was destroyed by Tang Bing.
In the 11th year of Tianbao (752), Tubo conferred the title of Ge Luofeng as "the brother of Zanpu".
In the 13th year of Tianbao (754), Mina Lee led 70,000 troops to attack Nanzhao, and entered Taihe City, the capital of Nanzhao, and all the troops were wiped out. This is the last time Tang sent troops. In the second year, An Lushan rebelled, and Tang was unable to attack again, but Nanzhao also intended to return Tang. Ge Luofeng placed a big monument (Nanzhao Dehua Monument) in Taihe City, indicating his helplessness in resisting the Tang Dynasty. He told the ministers that future generations might return to the Tang Dynasty, and they should show the tablet to the envoys of the Tang Dynasty to understand my true intentions. Ge Luofeng knows that the disadvantages of attaching to Tubo outweigh the advantages, and the relationship between the two countries cannot last long.
In the 14th year of Dali (779), Li Sheng and others in the Tang Dynasty defeated Nanzhao and Tubo allied forces, and suffered heavy losses. Tang Dezong sent generals Li Sheng and Qu Huan to lead thousands of northern troops, joined local Tang soldiers, smashed the Tubo Nanzhao Army and pursued Nanzhao Army to cross the Dadu River. The Tubo Nanzhao Army failed several times and lost more than 100,000 people. "Zi Zhi Tong Jian": "I sent 4,000 imperial troops and ordered them to be sent; He also sent five thousand generals, dragons and soldiers to make the general Anyi save Shu. Dongchuan left the army and attacked Tubo and Nanzhao with Shannan soldiers since Jiangyou Qubaiba. Fan chased seven episodes, broke them, and went to Song Wei and Maozhou. Li Sheng pursued an open river and broke it. Eight or ninety thousand people died in the Nanzhao Cliff Valley of Tubo. " "The Book of the New Tang Dynasty": "Dezong sent guards and Youzhou troops to aid Dongchuan, joined forces with Shannan, and defeated the people with different ideas, beheading 6,000 people, catching birds and injuring hundreds of thousands." In the 14th year of Dali (779), after Nanzhao and Tubo were defeated, Tubo repented and feared Nanzhao, and the relationship between the two sides began to change. Tubo changed Nanzhao to King Nidong, abolished the status of "brother country" and changed to the relationship between monarch and minister.
Tubo levied heavy taxes in Nanzhao, camped in dangerous places, and sent troops to Nanzhao every year to help prevent it. Different people feel the harm of attachment to Tubo.
Less than half a century after the Tianbao War, Nanzhao still abandoned Tibet and returned to the Tang Dynasty.
In the tenth year of Zhenyuan (794), Nanzhao took an oath with the envoys of the Tang Dynasty at Diancang Mountain Shrine near Erhai Lake. Facing the three natural gods of heaven, earth and water and the four blasphemies of the five mountains, Yi Mouxun, the chief of Nanzhao, led the minister of civil and military affairs to swear: "Please return everything to the Han Dynasty (that is, the Tang Dynasty)." The tribal leaders under Nanzhao also said: I would like to return to the Qing Dynasty and swear to be a minister of the Han Dynasty forever. The Tang court awarded the title of "Nanzhao King" and "Nanzhao Seal"; The territory under Nanzhao's jurisdiction is set up as "Yunnan Peace Envoy", and the chief executive is "Yunnan Peace Envoy", who is also appointed as our envoy to Jiannan Xichuan, and Nanzhao is controlled by Yunnan Peace Envoy.
Yi Mouxun, the master of Nanzhao, sent 27 people, including his brother Luo Dong and Qing Pingguan Yin Qiukuan, to present maps and objects of the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Yi Mouxun was named Nanzhao King. Yuan Zi, the doctor of the ancestral temple, led the mission, Chengdu Shaoyin Pangqi was the deputy envoy, and Cui Zuoshi was the judge. All Wen Zhen are messengers of comfort, while Liu Youyan is a judge. Give Yimou a gold seal with the inscription "Zhen Yuan Shu Nan Zhao Seal". When the messenger arrived in Nanzhao, Yimou left his seat, knelt down and was sealed, and bowed again; He also accepted the gift and said, "It has been 50 years since my great-grandfather and ancestors were attacked by books in Kaiyuan and Tianbao. Emperor Zhenyuan printed and recorded merit, and gave him a knighthood. His descendants will always be Tang Chen. " In the third year of Taihe (829), Du was ignorant of military affairs, lax in military equipment, and treated foot soldiers badly, which led him to lead Nanzhao to invade the DPRK, break through the outer city of Chengdu, and plunder tens of thousands of people. In the fourth year of Taihe (830), Li Deyu came to guard in the Tang Dynasty, and Shu was in Sui 'an. "Zi Zhi Tong Jian": "Deyu is a foot soldier, builds a fort, stores grain for the border, and the Shu people are rough and secure." "New Tang Book": "Next year, (Nanzhao) pleaded guilty. Compared with the year when the messenger came to the DPRK, it will come again between Kaesong and Huichang. "
Tang Wenzong made Nanzhao make peace, made a pact of non-aggression, and used Li Deyu as our time to rectify the border defense and train foot soldiers to prevent Nanzhao from attacking again.
In 860, Annan led Nanzhao soldiers to attack the Jiaotoe City of Annan (present-day Vietnam), and soon Tang Jun occupied Annan again. In 863, Nanzhao breached Jiaozhi City, and Tang Jun retreated to Lingnan. In 866, Tang Annan defended Gao Pian and defeated Nanzhao Army. Five thousand troops crossed the river in parallel, defeated Linyi soldiers in Yongzhou, attacked Longzhou Village in Nanzhao, and the barbarians fled. Long Tusi sent Yang to help Tusi move the capital to Annan, with Fan Cui as the commander-in-chief of Annan and Zhao Nuomei as the commander-in-chief of helping evil. In June, the seventh year of Xian Tong (866), Pian arrived in Jiaozhou, and won many battles. The soldiers fought actively and killed the enemy general Zhang Quan. Li Ganlong led ten thousand people to surrender, braving waves and winds. Nanzhao Yang retreated without a fight. Tang Jun tried to break into the city. In the Tang Dynasty, the chief was beheaded with a flat head, raising eyebrows and offering 30,000 heads to pacify Annan.
In 869, Nanzhao Army began to attack Xichuan.
In 875, he led 5,000 people to cross the river and arrived in Nanding, where he defeated Nanzhao Army and supplemented the army with materials seized from Nanzhao Army. Chen Jianjun and Wei Zhongzhai led 7,000 people to Fengzhou to supplement Gao Pian's troops. Zhuan Xu continued to attack Nanzhao and was defeated many times. Pian also defeated Nanzhao, who was very good at crossing toes, captured many people and surrounded Jiaotoe City. He turned to urge troops to attack the city, so he broke the city and killed Zhu, led by Duan Tusi and Tu Man, in Nanzhao Township, and cut more than 30,000 steps. The rest of Nanzhao fled. Pian 'an also destroyed the second Tuman Cave belonging to Nanzhao and killed their chief. Tuman Shuai has 7000 fans. Yan Qingfu arrived in Xindu, and Nanzhao divided his forces to resist. Yan Qingfu met him in the Sino-Japanese War. Yan Qingfu defeated Nanzhao Army and killed more than 2,000 people. Thousands of Shu people fought for the sword to help the loyalist, and the sound shocked all directions. B not, Nanzhao rode tens of thousands to arrive, which coincided with General Wei Song's command of Zhong Wu's 2,000 men and immediately engaged with various armies. Nanzhao Army was defeated, and more than 5,000 people died ... Armored soldiers and clothes were abandoned on the road ... Gao Pian went to Chengdu, sent troops to ride 5,000 troops to chase Nanzhao Army, arrived at Dadu River, killed many people, captured more than 50 of its leaders, and was escorted back to Chengdu to be beheaded. Building the gates of Qionglai Pass and Dadu River, and building a city in Mahu Town, Rongzhou, called Pingyi Army, and building a city in Muyuanchuan are all in important positions between Nanzhao and Xichuan, each with thousands of soldiers guarding it, which makes Nanzhao lose the courage to fight again.
So, Qing wrote a letter to frighten him into giving his son to the Tang Dynasty as a hostage and vowed not to cross the border again.
Nanzhao had a long-term war with the Tang Dynasty, and Tang Jun was led by Pian and others to defeat Nanzhao army many times. Nanzhao was "repeatedly banned, wasting the country", even to the point of recruiting/kloc-men under the age of 0/5 as soldiers and allowing women to farm instead of men.
In the fourth year of Ganning (897), Wang Jian, the envoy of the Tang Dynasty to Xichuan, said: "It is not enough to insult and make a small letter. I am in the southwest, and I won't dare to make mistakes. I don't think Nanzhao is qualified to take the letter. In order to fight against the Tang Dynasty, Nanzhao relied on Li and Yajian's shallow tribes such as Liuwang, Wang Hao and Wang Yang. Wang Jian dared not invade these tribes hell to pay, Nanzhao and these tribes. Later, these tribal leaders leaked military aircraft and were all killed by Wang Jian. In the fourth year of Ganning (897), Zheng Max ordered Deng Yang to kill Wang Longshun of Nanzhao. Two years later (902), Zheng Maisi, a powerful minister of Han nationality, rose up, killed more than 800 people in Hue Town and Nanzhao Royal Family, destroyed Nanzhao and established Dachang and Guo.