1 1 Countries: Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Philippines, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam, Cambodia, Brunei and Timor-Leste. A region should refer to the Oecussi region of East Timor, which is an enclave of the Indonesian State of East Timor. Okusi is located on the northwest coast of Timor Island, bordering Sawaihai in the north and Timor in Indonesia in the west. It is 50 kilometers long from east to west, 30 kilometers wide from north to south and covers an area of 2,460 square kilometers. Important towns and ports include Okushi and Pant Makasa. 1859. In order to plunder the rich spices and other resources here, Portuguese colonists occupied the Oecussi region on the east and west sides of Timor and retreated in 1975. 1976 Indonesia forcibly annexed East Timor, including Oecussi. Since then, bloody conflicts between East Timorese who demanded independence and Indonesian soldiers have continued, with 200,000 people killed in 20 years. 1On August 30th, 1999, East Timor held a referendum under the auspices of the United Nations, and 78.5% people voted for independence. Now Australia has led the first UN troops to control the situation.