● Chinese: Hechuan District ● Pinyin: hé chuān qū ● English: Hechuan District ● Japanese: Hechuan District (name: ぁぃかわく /ごぅせ)

Hechuan (Hechuan image propaganda film) is the north gate of Chongqing and the planned central city of northern Chongqing. Located at the intersection of Jialing River, Qujiang River and Fujiang River, it is the link between Chongqing and resource-rich northern Sichuan, and also the extension of Chongqing's capital and technology-intensive development. Known as the "economic corridor" leading to northwestern provinces such as North Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu. The whole district covers an area of 2356.2 1 km2, and governs 23 towns, 7 sub-district offices, 1 industrial park, 524 villages and 82 neighborhood committees, with a total population of 6.5438+0.54 million and an urban population of 396,000. The built-up area of the main urban area is 35.9 square kilometers, the total area of urban roads is 2.677 million square meters, the urban green area is 8.684 million square meters, the urban green space rate is 33.4%, the urban green coverage rate is 39.5%, and the urban per capita public green space area is 9.79 square meters. In 2004, it was successfully established as a city-level landscape garden city in Chongqing. 2. The administrative division of Hechuan District governs 7 streets and 23 towns: Heyangcheng Street, Yuzhen Street, Nanjin Street, Dashi Street, Yunmen Street, Yanjing Street, Caojie Street, Qiantang Town, Shayu Town, guandu town, Laitan Town, Longsheng Town, Xiaojia Town, Gu Lou Town, Sanmiao Town, Bird's Nest Town and Erlang Town. The District People's Government is located at No.222 Xi 'an Avenue, zip code: 40 1520. Area code: 023.

Edit the third paragraph. historical development

hechuan district

This data comes from Baidu map, and the final result is subject to Baidu map data.

In GuHechuan, before Ba people entered Sichuan, it was an important residence of Pu people. In the 1 1 century BC, Zhou people (Zhou Wuwang) established the Western Zhou Dynasty and made Zongji a Ba aristocrat. Bazi, with its capital in Pakistan under the rule of Copper Dan Liang, is now Hechuan City, hence the name "Bazi City". In 3 14 BC, Dianjiang County was established in Qin Dynasty, which governed Hechuan County, Wusheng County, Tongliang County, Anyue County and Yuechi County, belonging to Ba County. Dianjiang County is the earliest county name in Hechuan history. Dianjiang, formerly known as Cijiang, means that the water where Jialing River and Fujiang River meet in the county is like clothes overlapping. The geographical mistake of Hanshu is Dianjiang, which has been passed down to this day. During the reign of Emperor Yuanjia of the Southern Song Dynasty (424-453), Shengdianjiang County of Song Wendi was located in Dongdangqu County, belonging to Liangzhou, and the county ruled Hechuan City. The name of Dangqu originated from Dangqu water (now Qujiang). In the third year of the Western Wei Dynasty (556), it was changed to Hezhou. Hezhou is named after Fujiang River comes from Zizhou and Suizhou and joins Jialing River in Hechuan City. The county is located in today's Hechuan City. In the eighteenth year of Emperor Wendi (598), Hezhou was renamed Fuzhou (still named after water). In the third year of Yang Di's great cause (in 607), Fuzhou was renamed Fuling County, which governed Shijing, Early Han Dynasty (incorporated into Qingju County) and Chishui (named after the ancient name of Chishui River, and the county governed Chishui Township of Hechuan County). In the first year of Wude in Tang Gaozu (6 18), it was renamed Hezhou, belonging to Jiannan Road. In the first year of Tianbao in Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (742), Hezhou was changed to Bachuan County. In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), Tang Suzong was renamed Hezhou. In the third year of Gande in Song Taizu (965), Shijing County was renamed Zhao Shi County, and Hezhou belonged to Zizhou Road, followed by Tongchuan Fu Road. In the third year of Chunyou in Song Lizong (1243), in order to resist the Mongols, a new city was built in Fishing Mountain, 5 kilometers east of the state, and the state and Zhao Shi county moved to Fishing City. In the 20th year of Yuan Shizu to Yuan Dynasty (1283), Changzhou (now Yongchuan City) was abandoned, and Changyuan County and Yongchuan County under its jurisdiction were merged into Dazu County and were subordinate to Hezhou. In the same year, Hezhou County Administrative Office moved back to its original site from Fishing City, belonging to Yufu Road. In the 24th year of Zhiyuan (1287), Chishui County was merged into Zhao Shi County. Hezhou governs Zhao Shi, Tongliang (merged with Dazu County) and Dingyuan (ruled the south of Wusheng County in the 22nd year of Yuan Dynasty). In Ming Dynasty, Hezhou belonged to Chongqing government. In the seventh year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1374), Dazu County was transferred from Hezhou to Chongqing. In the 14th year of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty (1478), Anju County was separated from Tongliang County (under the jurisdiction of Chongqing government), and Hezhou only governed Tongliang and Dingyuan counties. In the sixth year of Emperor Sejong of Qing Dynasty (1728), Hezhou became a single state, no longer under the jurisdiction of the county, but under the jurisdiction of Chongqing government. It governs 73 towns in Li Mingyue, Li Yongqing, Laisuli and Xingrenli. In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Hezhou was renamed Hechuan County, belonging to East Sichuan Road. 1949 65438+February 3rd, Hechuan was liberated. April 1952 Hechuan City (municipality directly under the Central Government) joined Chengguan District of Hechuan County, belonging to Sichuan Province. 1958 1 month, with the approval of the State Council, the organizational system of Hechuan City was revoked, and the original jurisdiction of Hechuan City was changed to Chengguan Town of Hechuan County. 1On August 4th, 992, with the approval of the State Council, Hechuan County was revoked and Hechuan City was established, which belongs to Chongqing City, Sichuan Province. On June 26th, 2000, Chongqing Municipal People's Government (Yufu [2000] 13 1No.) approved Hechuan Municipal People's Government to move from No.3 1 Sujia Street in Heyangcheng to Zhongnan Village in Nanjin Street. On June 22nd, 2006, the State Council (Guo Han [2006] 1 10) approved the cancellation of Hechuan City and the establishment of Hechuan District in Chongqing. The original administrative area of Hechuan City is Hechuan District, and the People's Government of Hechuan District is located in Nanjin Street. On June 5438+February 3, 20091day, Chongqing Municipal People's Government (Yufu [2009] 199) approved the adjustment of some administrative divisions in Hechuan: Dashi Town, Yunmen Town, Caojie Town and Yanjing Town were abolished, and Dashi Street, Yunmen Street, Caojie Street and Yanjing Street were established. At the same time, the administrative divisions of Gu Lou Town and Sanmiao Town were adjusted.

Edit paragraph 4. physical geography

Hechuan satellite map

Hechuan District is located in the east of Sichuan Basin, at the north gate of Chongqing, 56 kilometers away from Chongqing. Geographical coordinates are between east longitude 105.58'37 "and north latitude 106.40'37" and between north latitude 29.5 1'02 "and north latitude 30.22'24" ... It borders Yubei District and Yuechi County in the east, Beibei District and Bishan County in the south. It is 69 kilometers long from east to west and 58 kilometers long from north to south. The whole city covers an area of 2356.38+0 square kilometers. Hechuan District is located at the junction of Zhongshan and parallel ridges and valleys in eastern Sichuan. The exposed strata include Permian in Paleozoic, Triassic in Mesozoic, Quaternary in Jurassic and Cenozoic from old to new. Among them, Jurassic has the widest distribution area, accounting for more than three quarters of the whole area. The Jurassic Shaximiao Formation has the largest area, reaching 1664.03 square kilometers, accounting for 70.62% of the total area. The geological structure belongs to the Neocathaysian structural system, and there are two types of geological structures in the whole territory: Huayingshan compound anticline fold belt in the east and southeast of Sichuan and Longnvsi semi-circular structural area in the fold belt in the middle of Sichuan. Due to the limitation of geological structure and lithology, the topography of the whole city is characterized by high terrain in the east, north and west, and low terrain in the south. The highest point is Baiyantou, Sanhui Town, with an altitude of1284.2m; The second highest point is Duo Long Mountain in the west, with an altitude of 6 19.7 meters; The lowest is on Jialing River in Caojie Town in the south, with an altitude of185m. The landform of the whole area can be roughly divided into two types: parallel ridge valley and gentle hill: Huaying Mountain area on the southeast edge is equal ridge valley, with a distribution area of 359 square kilometers, accounting for15.5% of the total area; The vast area in the northwest is a hilly basin in the middle of Sichuan, with gentle hilly landform types, with a distribution area of 1997.5438+0 square kilometers, accounting for 84.5% of the total area.

V. Natural resources

mineral resources

There are 26 kinds of proven mineral resources in this area, such as coal, limestone, salt and strontium. Among them, the coal reserves are about 1.82 billion tons, which are distributed in eight towns around Huaying Mountain, such as Sanhui, Qingping, Tuchang, Yanjing, Caojie, Shuangfeng, Shitan and Xiaomian. Li Bixia coalfield with salt well reserves of 200 million tons is under construction. Strontium ore is 6,543,800 tons, distributed in Gangou area of Yanjing Town. 68 million tons of iron ore, distributed in Yanjing, Shuangfeng and Sanhui areas; Salt 1600 million tons, the city's distribution area is about 1000 square kilometers, and the average thickness of salt layer is16 meters. 5.5 billion tons of limestone, distributed in Yanjing and Sanhui areas; 75 million tons of bauxite, distributed in Sanhui and Qingping areas; Barite is 400,000 tons, and the main ore-bearing strata are Feixianguan Formation and Jialingjiang Formation of Lower Triassic.

land resources

The land area of the whole region is calculated according to the map (the same below), with an area of 235 1 km2, equivalent to 3,534,300 mu. The present situation of land resources utilization is: cultivated land is 6.5438+0.766 million mu, accounting for 49.97% of the total area; Garden 137400 mu, accounting for 3.89%; 232,200 mu of forest land, accounting for 6.57%; Residential and industrial land is 285,900 mu, accounting for 8.09%; Traffic land (including rural sidewalks) is 225,600 mu, accounting for 6.38%; The water area is 205,400 mu, accounting for 5.81%; The unused land is 68 1.7 million mu, accounting for 1.9%. In the total area, the state-owned land182,200 mu, accounting for 5. 15% of the total area, and the collective land is 3,355,200 mu, accounting for 94.85%. According to the classification principle of the second national soil survey, the city's soil types are divided into 4 soil types, 6 subtypes, 18 soil genera, 70 soil types and 97 varieties. Among them, there are 17 soil genera, 69 soil species and 94 varieties in agricultural cultivated land; There are 1 soil genus, 1 soil species and 3 varieties in non-agricultural cultivated land. Paddy soil is the main soil type of agricultural cultivated land, accounting for about 61.33% of the total cultivated land area; Followed by purple soil, accounting for 34.1%; The third place is yellow loam, accounting for 2.69%; The fluvo-aquic soil is the least, only 1.8 1%. From the analysis of soil texture, sandy soil accounts for 17.83%, clay accounts for 23.57%, loam accounts for 48.82% and gravelly soil accounts for 9.78%. Soil pH content: acidic accounting for 5.63%, slightly acidic accounting for 20.2 1%, neutral accounting for 60.44%, slightly alkaline accounting for 13.72%.

Animal and plant resources

The vegetation in Hechuan District belongs to the moist evergreen broad-leaved forest sub-belt in eastern Sichuan, the low mountain vegetation area in the basin bottom hills and the vegetation community in the middle hills of Sichuan. Its basic types are broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, bamboo forest and shrub, 5 formations, 13 formation. Although there are many kinds of vegetation, the natural combination is simple. The distribution is as follows: Huaying Mountain area is mainly composed of pure Pinus massoniana forest, secondary shrubs and subtropical low mountain grass; The rest areas are dominated by cypress trees and sparse forests, and the rest are scattered eucalyptus trees and bamboo forests, as well as grasses such as Vitex negundo, Coriaria, Bamao and thatch formed after the destruction of major vegetation, and economic trees such as tung oil trees, fruit trees and mulberry trees. Preliminary investigation: 5 families 16 varieties of grain crops, 3 families/kloc-0 varieties of oil crops, 24 varieties of sugar crops, 0 varieties of tea 1 9 varieties of fruit trees, 50 families 103 varieties of mulberry trees. There are 4 kinds of cigarettes 1 family, 67 families of medicinal materials, 54 families of wild plants 145 species, 54 families of woody plants, 0/28 species of herbs1family of bamboos, and common forest resources1kloc-0/species. Wild animals 12 species, poultry 4/kloc-0 species and fish 64 species. There are 6 species in silkworm 1 family, 4 species in pig, cow, sheep and rabbit 13 species, 4 species in chicken, duck, goose and bee 1 species, and 59 species in fish 12 family.

water resource

The territorial water resources are composed of surface water, transit water and groundwater. Surface water is mainly formed by rainfall. The average annual total rainfall for many years is 906 million cubic meters, with abundant rainfall in Huaying Mountain area in the east and less hilly platform in the west. Summer rainfall is concentrated, and the rainfall from June to September accounts for 54.66% of the total annual rainfall. According to the depth of runoff, there are 637 cubic meters of surface water resources, 263 cubic meters of land and 729 cubic meters of cultivated land. Transit water is mainly formed by Jialing River, Fujiang River and Qujiang River flowing through the territory. The average annual flow of Sanjiang for many years is 73 billion cubic meters, with the highest13010.85 billion cubic meters and the lowest 23.029 billion cubic meters. The water temperature in Sanjiang is 7. 1~29.5℃, and the water quality indexes are: ph 7.5~8.2, dissolved oxygen 6.3~ 1 1.94 mL/L, and total hardness 5.3~99. 18 degrees. The total annual reserve of groundwater is 6.5438+0.0744 million cubic meters, of which Huaying Mountain area accounts for 65.8% and other areas account for 34.2%. Development and utilization of water resources: first, the water consumption of various departments. According to the survey statistics of relevant departments in 1993, agricultural irrigation water (including transit water and groundwater, the same below) 106534800 cubic meters, urban domestic and sanitary water 9,297,300 cubic meters, industrial water 1 1266000 cubic meters, and rural human and animal drinking water 2,730650 cubic meters. The theoretical reserves of Jia, Fu and Qu Sanjiang hydropower generation are 562,500 kilowatts, and Fujiang Wei Tuo Power Station only develops and utilizes 30,000 kilowatts. The Fujinba Navigation and Power Junction of Fujiang with a total investment of 760 million yuan started construction on June 28th, 2003. It was built according to the 5-level navigation standard. The navigation channel and lock are V-class, with a total installed capacity of 60,000 kilowatts. It consists of three bulb tubular generator sets, each with 20,000 kilowatts. Caojie Navigation and Power Hub Project started in February 2004, with a total investment of 4.903 billion yuan and an installed capacity of 500,000 kilowatts. The construction of a third-class lock can channelize Jialing River 70km, Qujiang River 88km and Fujiang River 22km, totaling 180km. The completion of Caojie Navigation and Power Junction in Jialing River will effectively change the shipping capacity and flood control capacity of Sanjiang River, and ships of 1000 tons can also fly directly from Chongqing to Hechuan.

Edit paragraph 6. transportation hub

Hechuan enjoys the advantages of navigation on the Three Rivers, with 2 12 National Highway, Yuhe Expressway, Yuwu Expressway and Suiyu High-speed Railway extending in all directions. The traffic is unique, unique. At present, Hechuan is making efforts to build a transportation hub in northern Fujian and open up a number of convenient passages in Hechuan.

Wu (South) Expressway

Yu-He (Wu/Nan) Expressway starts from Yujiawan in the northern new area of Chongqing, ends at the north bridge head of the second bridge of Fujiang in Hechuan City, and connects with Hechuan-Sichuan Expressway, with a total length of 58.83 kilometers and a total investment of 3 1 100 million yuan. The whole highway started on June 1999, crossing Huaying Mountain and Jialing River. Less than 60 kilometers, there are 3 river-crossing bridges, 29 bridges and 5 tunnels. The total length of tunnel and bridge exceeds18km, accounting for 3 1% of the total length of the line. At present, among the expressways opened to traffic in Chongqing, the density of bridges and tunnels ranks first. High-quality road and bridge facilities, advanced management and monitoring level and green landscape along the line make it the most modern expressway in Chongqing. After the road is opened to traffic, it will form a main skeleton highway network together with the expressways in the city, and completely realize the strategic concept of "going out of Shanghai in the east, Zhanjiang in the south, Chengdu in the west and Nanchong in the north" in Chongqing.

Suiyu express railway

Suiyu express railway is a national first-class railway trunk line and a part of Chengdu-Chongqing express railway, with a total length of128km and a total investment of 4.952 billion yuan, including 49.5km in Hechuan section and a total investment of 2 billion yuan. Its official operation has shortened the mileage of chengdu-chongqing railway by more than 160 kilometers, formed another fast passage between Chengdu and Chongqing, completely changed the traffic restrictions on Hechuan, and played a great role in promoting Hechuan's economic development, labor export and employment.

lanzhou chongqing railway

Lanzhou-chongqing railway is 820 kilometers long, including 57 kilometers in Hechuan section, with a speed of 200 kilometers per hour. The designed transportation capacity of the project can reach 50 million tons of freight and 50 pairs of buses every day, which can meet the long-term passenger and cargo transportation requirements between Lanzhou and Chongqing. It is planned to start construction in the second half of 2008, with a construction period of four years and a total investment of 78.9 billion yuan. According to preliminary estimates, by 2020, lanzhou-chongqing railway will need to transport more than 6.5438+million tons of grain, grain, coal, cement and other goods every year in Hechuan main city alone, and the number of passengers will reach 6.5438+0.26 million. Such a large-scale labor export and material import and export will inevitably bring huge benefits to lanzhou-chongqing railway's transportation and unprecedented development opportunities to Hechuan. Hechuan waterway construction is also in full swing, and water transport construction projects such as Caojie Navigation & Power Hub in Jialing River, Fujinba Navigation & Power Hub in Fujiang River and wharf are gradually turning from blueprint to reality. The construction of these projects will realize the channelization of the 300-kilometer waterway in Hechuan Sanjiang, and the fleet of 65,438+10,000-ton ships can directly reach Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province through Hechuan, thus realizing the direct transportation between rivers and seas. Hechuan highway construction focuses on improving access depth, traffic capacity and network connectivity, forming a highway network with expressways as the leading factor, "one vertical, four horizontal and eight trunk lines" as the skeleton, criss-crossing and combining trunk lines with branch lines. Railway, waterway and highway go hand in hand, and finally form a land and water transportation hub from Chongqing to northern Sichuan and Shaanxi and Gansu, and build and enhance Chongqing's external radiation.

Expressway "white to black"

The "white to black" expressway and the "white to black" plan launched in Chongqing in 2007 changed most expressways from cement pavements to asphalt pavements, which reduced environmental pollution. This policy has continued to this day. .

Hechuan viaduct

Hechuan Viaduct Hechuan Viaduct started in September 2008 and was completed in August 2009. It took nearly a year to greatly improve the road congestion.

Edit this paragraph VII. Humanistic accumulation

The humanities in Hechuan have been handed down from generation to generation, and many celebrity events have spread widely at home and abroad. In the battle of "Fishing City" in Hechuan, Song and Yuan Dynasties, Hezhou soldiers and civilians fought bloody battles for 36 years, and made outstanding achievements in repelling traitors and killing Meng Ge, creating a miracle in the history of world wars. Therefore, the ancient fishing city is known as "the land where the whip is broken" and "the Oriental Mecca City". There are provincial-level cultural relics protection units in the city, the best-preserved ancient Wengcheng site in Laitan town in China, and the second Buddhist temple in the town has the largest Buddhist stone carving Mo Yan statue group in China, which is a Buddhist Zen cultural resort; Zhou Dunyi, a Neo-Confucianism scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, served as a judge in Hezhou for 6 years, opened and closed the Neo-Confucianism school in Hezhou, and wrote an important chapter "Yangxinge". In the early Qing Dynasty, Yu Chenglong was appointed governor of Hezhou, diligent for the people, and made great efforts to govern, and was praised as "the first honest official" by Emperor Kangxi; Historian Zhang Senkai founded the "Sichuan Sericulture Commune" in Taihe Town, Hechuan, and is known as the father of sericulture in East Sichuan. Mr. Tao Xingzhi, a great people's educator, founded Yucai School in Caojie, Hechuan. Famous experts and scholars such as Jane Bozan, He Lvting and Dai once taught here, and former Chairman the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) also studied in Yucai School when he was young. Mr. Lu Zuofu, one of the four great industrialists in China, founded Minsheng Industrial Company in Hechuan, becoming the modern China shipping king. During the Anti-Japanese War, he rushed materials into Sichuan, known as "China's industrial Dunkirk", guarding the country's industrial lifeline. Zhao Juntao, a proletarian revolutionary of the older generation, founded a wartime children's nursery in a clay yard; Liu Wenxue, the first young hero of New China, died heroically to defend the collective property and became a model for a generation. Proletarian revolutionaries such as Zhou Enlai and Chen Yi also left glorious footprints in Hechuan. Since the founding of New China, outstanding figures such as Liu Peng, director of the State Sports General Administration, Xie Xiaojun, vice mayor of Chongqing, Shi Qingyun, academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Li Xiaohong, president of Wuhan University, and Wu Yajun, chairman of Longhu Real Estate have emerged.

Edit paragraph 8. industrial structure