The Sino-French War (French: GuerrerFranco-Chinoise), that is, the Qing Dynasty War, was1February 883 to1April 885 (Guangxu1February 9 to February1day) The first stage of the battlefield was in northern Vietnam; The second phase extended to the southeast coast of China.
The French expanded the war to the southeast coast of China, and at the same time sent Badeno to negotiate with Ceng Guoquan, continuing to make trouble and provoking the war again. The French merged their fleets in China and Viet Nam into the Far East Fleet, appointed Guba as Commander-in-Chief, and took the opportunity to station in Fuzhou and Keelung respectively. On the one hand, it coerces China to accept French conditions, on the other hand, it is ready to attack and occupy these ports at any time.
2. Border crisis in Taiwan Province Province:
187 1 At the end of the year, 54 sailors of Ryukyu who were shipwrecked were killed by aborigines in Taiwan Province Province, and Japan took the opportunity to attack the Qing Dynasty to establish its power over Ryukyu (it goes without saying that Ryukyu has always been a vassal state of China, but 1609, Japanese Samoan conquered Ryukyu and directly ruled North Ryukyu, and South Ryukyu became its vassal state. The purpose of doing this is to trade with China.
/kloc-In the middle of the 6th century, Japan was dissatisfied with its unequal status with China, and the two countries broke off diplomatic relations, but Japan still needed to trade with China. So by conquering Ryukyu, South Ryukyu still paid tribute to China and traded with China, and then Ryukyu traded with Japan).
However, the Qing court believed that Taiwan Province Province was a part of China, Ryukyu was a subordinate country of China, and the conflict between the two sides had nothing to do with Japan. In addition, China is a loose bondage to the aborigines, and China is not responsible for the actions of the aborigines. Japan retorted with modern international law, saying that since the Qing army did not control the aborigines in Taiwan Province Province, they were not under the jurisdiction of the Qing army, so it would not infringe China's jurisdiction to send troops to punish the aborigines in Taiwan Province Province.
Therefore, in April of 1874, the Japanese expedition to Taiwan Province province. Finally, under the mediation of British envoy Wade, the two countries temporarily settled the dispute through negotiations, and paid 502,000 silver a day without condemning Japan's actions, which meant that Qing recognized Japan's sovereignty over Ryukyu (Qing did not know its significance).
3. Tibet border crisis:
According to its established policy of invading from India to the north, Britain leased Darjeeling from Sikkim in 1835 as the "summer resort" of the East India Company. Since then, Britain has a foothold in the Himalayas. From 65438 to 0846, after Britain annexed Jammu-Kashmir in northwestern India, it quietly invaded Ladakh, which originally belonged to China and Tibet.
Extended data
19 China's Frontier Crisis in 1970s and 1980s;
1. France tried to invade Yunnan and Guangxi with Vietnam as a springboard. The Qing government sent the Huai army south, fighting fiercely on the border of Guangxi and along the coast of Fujian (including Taiwan Province Province at that time). China is "unbeaten and defeated".
2. Southeast Frontier: 1874, Japan invaded Taiwan Province Province, the treasure island of China, and then extorted 502,000 silver from China before withdrawing its troops. 1879 In March, Japan annexed Ryukyu, which led to the demise of Ryukyu, and the aggression was directed at Taiwan Province Province.
3. Northwest Frontier: Agubo, a big Central Asian country, colluded with Russia to invade Xinjiang, and the Qing government sent leftist troops to recover it.
4. Southwest Frontier: British troops invaded Tibet and Yunnan.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Sino-French War
Baidu Encyclopedia-1874 Japanese invasion of Taiwan Province Province
People's Daily Online-Britain invaded Tibet twice: cultivating pro-British forces and advocating independence