The Yuan Dynasty (127 1 year-1368) was the first unified dynasty established by ethnic minorities in the history of China, and the rulers were Mongolians. Genghis Khan established the Mongolian regime in 1206, and Kublai Khan established the national title in 162, which lasted 98 years. After the Yuan Dynasty withdrew from the Central Plains, the Northern Yuan regime continued until 1402.
The history of the Yuan Dynasty:
1206, Genghis Khan unified Mongolian ministries and established Great Mongolia. It has successively attacked and destroyed the regimes of Western Liao, Xixia, Huatuo and Jin Dynasty. After the death of Mongolian Khan, the dispute between Alibaba brothers and Kublai Khan was triggered, which led to the division of Mongolia. 1260, Kublai Khan ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, establishing a "unified" Yuan Dynasty, with Kaiping County (Shangdu) as its capital. ?
127 1 year, Kublai Khan changed the name of the country to "Dayuan" in the Book of Changes, and the capital was Dadu in the following year. 1279, the exiled regime in the Southern Song Dynasty was completely eliminated, ending the long-term division since the end of the Tang Dynasty.
After that, the Yuan Dynasty continued to expand abroad and attacked Japan, Myanmar, Vietnam and Java, but all failed. In the mid-Yuan Dynasty, the succession to the throne was chaotic, coups were frequent, politics was never on the right track, localization was slow, and development was stagnant. In the later period, political corruption, powerful ministers in power, and increasingly serious ethnic and class contradictions led to the peasant uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty.
1368, Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, and then the Northern Expedition expelled the Yuan court and captured the metropolis. Since then, Yuan Ting retired to Mobei, known as Beiyuan in history. 1402, Chen Yuangui and Li Chi usurped power to establish Tatar, and the Northern Yuan Dynasty perished.
During the Yuan Dynasty, a unified multi-ethnic country was further consolidated, and its territory surpassed that of previous dynasties. The Yuan Dynasty abolished Shangshu Province and Menxia Province, but retained Zhongshu Province, Privy Council and Yushitai, which were in charge of politics, army and prison. The provincial system was implemented in local areas, which was the first in China.