The purpose of issuing the first set of RMB is to unify the currency of the revolutionary base areas. The currency in the revolutionary base area was produced when the revolutionary base area was divided and blocked by the enemy during the war, and the unification of the currency went through a tortuous process. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, the People's Government of the Liberated Areas began to unify the currency of the Liberated Areas. The Central China Liberated Area issued a unified Central China currency, and recovered a variety of local currencies issued when the New Fourth Army opened up various anti-Japanese base areas. Other liberated areas also adopted similar measures to unify currencies. However, before the monetary unification in the Liberated Areas was completed, the Kuomintang reactionaries launched a full-scale civil war, and many places in the Liberated Areas were occupied by Kuomintang troops, so the monetary unification in the Liberated Areas had to be suspended temporarily.
1In the summer of 947, the China People's Liberation Army won a great victory in the war of liberation with the cooperation of local troops and the masses. Trade links and material exchanges in various regions are developing day by day, but the disunity of the monetary system and the unfixed currency exchange rate have become the main obstacles to trade exchanges, and have also caused great difficulties to the logistics supply in the mobile operations of the PLA.
1947, 10, 10 On October 24th, the Central Committee of China approved the resolution of the North China Finance and Economics Conference, and the currency was first unified in the three liberated areas of North China, Northwest China and East China, and the currencies of Jinan Bank, Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Bank, Beihai Bank and Northwest Farmers Bank were circulated at a unified fixed price.
1948 12 1 day, the People's Bank of China was announced. On the same day, Pingshan County Bank of Hebei Province issued the first batch of RMB 5 yuan, the third edition of RMB 10 yuan and the first edition of RMB 50 yuan. The words "China People's Bank" were inscribed at the invitation of Dong Ying, then Chairman of the People's Government of North China. It marks the official birth of the first set of RMB.
The first set of RMB was issued on 1948 12 1, and its circulation was completely stopped on 15 10. The first set of RMB was designed and produced after the China People's Liberation War turned into a strategic offensive. With the approval of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, where the People's Liberation Army hits, the RMB will follow, based on the printing factory in the liberated areas. This set of RMB * * * has been designed and produced in 62 versions with the denomination of 12.
Characteristics of the first set of RMB
1. The first set of RMB is the only legal tender printed and issued by the National Bank of the People's Government under the leadership of China * * * Production Party on the occasion of China's victory in the People's Liberation War. The word "person" explains the nature of this banknote. It does not belong to a bureaucratic capitalist or financial oligarch, but must belong to the whole country and the whole people.
2. The first set of RMB was not only the wartime currency, but also the currency in the period of economic recovery in the early days of the founding of New China. It first served China's people's liberation war, "all for the victory of the war". Wherever the PLA hits, the RMB will follow. The issuance of RMB ensured the victory of the war of liberation, promoted the recovery and development of the economy, and finally became the unified currency and the only legal tender in the country, ending the chaotic history of the monetary system under the Kuomintang rule for decades.
3. The first set of RMB is the product of "self-reliance" and "hard struggle", and its design idea is to take the typical examples of agriculture, industry, commerce, trade and transportation in the liberated areas as the theme of the selection pattern. The design and production of ticket boards are mainly undertaken by the banknote printing factory in the liberated areas, which laid the foundation for printing RMB in China. Due to the different supply of raw materials, paper and ink are purchased locally, resulting in uneven quality of banknotes. In addition, the first set of RMB has no watermark, so the anti-counterfeiting effect is poor.
4. The first set of RMB *** 12 in 62 editions, including 2 RMB 1 yuan coupons, 4 5 yuan coupons, 4 0 yuan coupons, 7 20 yuan coupons, 7 50 yuan coupons, 10 yuan coupons 10 coupons and 5 200 yuan coupons. Among them, Wanshoushan (a), the second edition of 20 yuan coupon and Wanshoushan (b), the seventh edition of 20 yuan coupon, the second edition of 50 yuan coupon and the third edition of 50 yuan coupon, the fourth edition of 50 yuan coupon and the fifth edition of 50 yuan coupon, and the third edition of Wanshoushan (a) and 100 yuan coupon. In addition, the first edition 1000 yuan coupon is the only long and narrow coin in the first set of RMB, with the specification of 150 mm× 62 mm (the front door and train layout are shown above. )
The collection value of the first set of RMB
The first set of RMB has many denominations, complex types and short circulation time. The first set of RMB was issued and circulated in a few versions. The first set of RMB has been out of use for half a century, during which it has experienced many political movements and economic reforms. So there are not many collectors left, and it is rare to collect them all. Because many of them are treasures, their ornamental, commemorative, collectible and investment value is increasing day by day, which is especially favored by well-known auction houses and cultural relics collectors. The first set of RMB has a denomination of 10000 yuan, and there are two models, namely Mumatu (Mongolian) and Camel (Uygur). Among them, the 10,000-yuan design coin for herding horses (in Mongolian) issued on May 195 17 won a bid as high as 50,000 yuan at a cultural relic auction on May 1997. According to insiders, the first set of RMB has its unique value in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, among which the value of precious products will go up, and it is not surprising that the price will be sky-high in the future.