In the western world, law enforcement has always been carried out in the form of courts, rather than being tried by officials through law and personal will as in the East.
The earliest country to set up a court should be ancient Egypt. Courts in Egypt are divided into two levels, namely, local courts and high courts. Local courts specialize in handling some local litigation cases, with full-time judges and juries who appear in court when hearing cases. Jury members must be innocent and recognized, but they are not necessarily nobles, and any civilian can serve. The High Court does not hold regular sessions, mainly to hear some important cases at the national level, such as grave robbery, treason and assassination of the country.
Ancient Greece, Rome and Carthage all had similar courts, which declined with the expansion of Arab forces and remained only in Europe until a truly sound separation of powers system appeared in Europe and became the mainstream of the world again.
Therefore, in Europe from 65438 to 1920s, there were courts.