Eyebrows should be preserved from forehead hairline to nose hair in eye surgery, and eyelashes should be reduced in inner eye surgery.

Neck surgery lip down to nipple level, both sides to the front of trapezius muscle, retaining armpit hair.

Thoracic surgery from the clavicle to the umbilical level, from the front to the front of the healthy armpit or beyond the locking midline, and then beyond the midline, including the affected armpit. Breast surgery should also include one third of the ipsilateral upper arm.

The nipple of upper abdominal surgery is horizontally connected with pubic symphysis, and both sides are connected with the posterior axillary line, including pubic hair removal and umbilical dirt removal (gasoline or rosin cotton balls can be used, etc.). )

The xiphoid process of lower abdominal surgery reaches the anterior, medial and vulva of the upper third of the thigh, and both sides reach the posterior axillary line.

The nipple is connected to the pubic symphysis, and both sides exceed the midline to remove umbilical dirt.

Inguinal and scrotal surgery, umbilical region level to the thigh 1/3, both sides to the axillary line, including vulva, pubic hair removal.

The anterior superior iliac spine is connected with the upper third of the thigh, including the perineum and buttocks.

Limb surgery is centered on the incision, up and down more than 20cm. Generally, the preoperative skin preparation range of patients with total limb orthopedics is (1) neck surgery (anterior approach): up to the mandibular margin, down to the nipple level, and left and right through the axillary midline. (2) Neck surgery (posterior approach): Shaving the head, from the top of the head to the lower edge of the scapula, and passing through the axillary midline from left to right. (3) Thoracic vertebra surgery (posterior approach): From the seventh cervical vertebra to the twelfth costal margin, the left and right pass through the axillary midline. (4) Thoracic spine surgery (lateral posterior): From the clavicle, the shoulder to the lower costal margin, the anterior and posterior chests all exceed the midline by 20cm. (5) Lumbar surgery (anterior approach): From the nipple to the thigh, 1/3, through the axilla midline, including go to the pubic hair shaving. (6) Lumbar surgery (posterior approach): From the lower corner of acromion to gluteal groove, the left and right midlines stay overnight. (7) Upper limb forearm surgery:13 Lower the upper arm to the hand and cut the nails, including shaving the armpit hair under brachial plexus anesthesia. (8) Upper limb surgery: from shoulder joint to middle forearm. If it is brachial plexus anesthesia, it includes shaving armpit hair. (9) Finger surgery: elbow joint to finger, nail cutting, brachial plexus anesthesia including shaving armpit hair. (10) Lower extremity hip surgery: from the costal margin to the knee joint, across the midline from front to back, and shaving pubic hair. (1 1) knee surgery: from the affected groin to the ankle joint. (12) Leg surgery: from the middle thigh to the foot. (13) Foot surgery: from knee joint to toe. Upper abdominal surgery: from nipple to pubic symphysis plane, from both sides to posterior axillary line. Lower abdominal surgery: from xiphoid process to upper thigh 1/3 anteromedial and vulva, both sides to axillary posterior line.