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What did you learn from Galen and Harvey?
Claudius Galen, the most famous and influential medical master in ancient Rome.

He believes that the internal organs are the center of the blood system, and the digested food is transformed into blood in the liver, and then disappears in the whole body, only doing linear movement with a starting point and an ending point;

The liver produces "natural gas field", the lung produces "energy gas field" and the brain produces "animal gas field".

Religious theology demonstrates "one divides into three" with Galen's "aura theory";

People are divided into monks, nobles and civilians.

Nature is divided into animals, plants and minerals.

Animals are divided into fish, beasts and birds.

And God is the Trinity of Father, Son and Holy Spirit.

William harvey was born in Folkstone, Kent, England on 1578.

When I was a teenager, I was diligent and studious, and I was excellent in character and learning. 65438-0597 was admitted to the famous Padua University in Europe. He studied medicine with Professor fabricius who discovered venous valves. After graduating from the University of Padua, william harvey returned to England on 1602, and immediately married the daughter of Queen Elizabeth's physician. 1607 was elected as an academician of the Royal College of Medicine.

From 16 15, Harvey began to teach blood circulation in the Royal Medical College, and studied the movement of blood and heart systematically, completely and scientifically on the basis of the research of Italian doctor Andrews Visalius and Spanish doctor Servit, who are known as the "father of modern anatomy".

After 13 years of continuous trial and revision, william harvey officially published "Heart Blood Circulation Movement Theory" on 1628, also known as "Blood Circulation Theory". In his book, william harvey refuted the popular misconceptions about heart, artery, vein and blood, and demonstrated the theory of human blood circulation. He thinks:

The heart is a hollow muscle, whose characteristic movement is passive expansion (relaxation) after contracture (contraction). During contraction, the heart expels the blood that entered during expansion. This regular contraction and expansion of the heart makes blood circulate in the blood vessels;

The heart beats about 4000 times per hour, pushing more blood than the whole human body. If we calculate the blood volume pushed by the heart in one day, it will far exceed the total amount of food ingested and digested in one day. This result strongly refutes Galen's "Reiki Blood Supply Theory" and proves that "blood is supplied to the whole body through circulation". In medicine, this achievement is called "Harvey measurement research method".

The law of blood circulation is: left ventricle (contraction) → aorta → artery → vein → vena cava → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lung → pulmonary vein → left atrium → left ventricle.

Various valves in the vascular system ensure the regularity of blood circulation, and arterial blood always flows away from the heart; Venous blood always flows in the direction of the heart, and so on and so forth until the end of life.

William harvey's theory of blood circulation is a fatal blow to Galen's theory, which has monopolized the medical field for a long time, and also impacts the Christian theological system in Europe. John ray Oren, a professor at the University of Paris Medical School, even banned Harvey's theory of blood circulation from teaching in medical schools.

In response to the attack of john ray Oren and others, william harvey published two anatomical papers on blood circulation in 1649. On this basis, Harvey wrote an important monograph "On the Generation of Animals", which was published in 165 1. There are two striking arguments in the book: first, everything comes from eggs. Harvey wrote: "All animals, even reproductive animals including humans, evolved from an egg." Second, the heart is essentially a blood pump, pumping blood into arteries, thus generating pulses. Due to the pump action of the heart, the whole body's blood circulates in the vascular system. Harvey's conclusion gives him a new vivid expression of the theory of blood circulation put forward more than twenty years ago.

Although the theory of blood circulation was controversial in Europe at that time and was strongly opposed by many theologians and medical scientists, history finally proved that "no one can erase the truth", and william harvey's theory of blood circulation was recognized and widely praised by later generations.

William harvey's blood circulation theory and medical experimental methods have made epoch-making progress in the study of mysterious human body. As William osler said, "(Harvey's theory) marks a break between medicine and the old tradition. People are no longer satisfied with careful observation and accurate description, nor with carefully fabricated theories and dreams. For the first time in history, people have studied important physiological problems with modern scientific consciousness and experimental methods. ..... His 72-page booklet introduced the world into the era of experimental medicine. "