Background: (1) 19 was a national disaster at the end of the year. -historical mission: saving the nation from extinction. (The main reason is imperialist aggression; The important reason is the corrupt rule of the Qing government. (2) The initial development of national capitalism at the end of19 (after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895)-historical mission: developing capitalism. See above for reasons. (3) The national bourgeoisie stepped onto the historical stage (symbol-1894 "Write on the Bus") (4) 1990s: the bourgeois reform thought further developed. (Early Reform Thought: Time: 65438+after 1960s; Reasons: the introduction of western capitalist ideas and the emergence of Chinese national capitalism. Representative figures: Wang Dan and Zheng. Advocacy: develop national industry and commerce economically and launch commercial wars abroad; Learn and spread western natural science from culture; Politically, it advocates constitutional monarchy. )