In 5000 BC, Nordic people had deer pulling sledges.
In the 35th century BC, in Mesopotamia, Sumerians created ox carts.
In 3000 BC, ships with oars and sails appeared in Egypt, and Egypt also had roads for vehicles.
Around 2700 BC, Phoenicians built Sidon Port and Tyre Port (in present-day Lebanon) on the east coast of the Mediterranean.
In 2700 BC, ships with wooden paddles appeared in the Yangtze River valley of China.
Around the 26th century BC, it is said that people in China made cars in the era of the Yellow Emperor.
In 2500 BC, a spoon-shaped boat appeared in Egypt, with paddles on both sides of the tail.
About 2 180 BC, the Babylonians built a brick pedestrian passage on the Euphrates River.
About 265438 BC, Chezheng was located in Ren Xia, Shaanxi, China. Mozi, Xunzi and Lv Chunqiu all described1early 7th century before Xizhong built a car.
BC 17 ~ China Shang Dynasty mastered shipbuilding technology and used sails.
And "?" In the Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in Yin Ruins in 1 1 century BC. And "?" Archaeologists believe that the word means "information sender", and there are exquisite two-wheeled carriages painted in the tomb of Thebes in Egypt in the 6th century BC/KLOC-0.
From16 BC to China, light two-wheeled vehicles with spoke wheels can be manufactured.
Before 1 1 century
1 1 century BC, The Great Biography of Shangshu in Han Dynasty recorded that "Shang Yue contributed pheasants and the Japanese made great contributions", indicating that China had maritime traffic with Shang Yue and Japan at that time.
In the 10 century BC, Assyria built a stone post road.
From 8 BC to 8 BC, beacon towers were built in China for early warning and information transmission.
Pre-7th century
The earliest lighthouse was built in Troy in northwest Asia Minor before 7 yuan in 660 BC.
In the 6th century BC, during the Ju Lushi period of the Persian Empire, soldiers began to pass orders. According to legend, the Western Navigation Guide written by the Greeks at that time was the earliest navigation guide.
In 486 BC, China dug a ditch-the earliest section of the Grand Canal. Hangou runs from Yangzhou to Huai 'an via Sheyang Lake, connecting the Yangtze River and Huaihe River.
About 280 BC, the lighthouse was built in Alexandria, Egypt, which was one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.
In the 3rd century BC, China recorded Sina in Han Feizi's Youdu at the end of the Warring States Period.
In 22 1 year BC, Qin Shihuang of China issued the order that "cars are on the same track" and paved the way.
In 2 14 BC, China built a Lingqu in Xing 'an, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, connecting Xiangjiang River and Lijiang River. Lingqu is 33 kilometers long with steep doors.
In the 3rd century BC, China also painted the pattern of transporting brine with pipes made of bamboo tubes on the "Han Dynasty Salt Well Portrait Brick" in Sichuan. Caesar, the Roman consul, promulgated the traffic law, stipulating that carriages were not allowed to enter the center of the castle during the day.
In BC 140, China was able to build large ships in the Han Dynasty-the construction of ships began in China during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the ships sailed to some countries along the Indian Ocean.
In 65438 BC+065438 BC+08 BC, China Han Dynasty built more than 500 miles of Baoxie Highway, which ran through the north and south of Qinling Mountains.
The navigation direction was determined by observing Polaris in the Western Han Dynasty in China in the 2nd century BC.
From 2 BC to 2 BC, the Silk Road became an ancient land transportation trunk line across Asia.
In13rd century, in 9-22 years, some people in China made gliding experiments with bird feathers as wings.
In 66 AD, China built the Shimen Tunnel on the ancient ramp. This is the earliest tunnel used for traffic in China.
In the 2nd century A.D., China Zhang Heng invented the South Locomotive China, and the pottery boat in the Eastern Han Dynasty had an anchor.
From 220 to 265, China had a unicycle.
223-27 1 China Gong Yu map is the earliest existing traffic map.
From 605 to June17, China built the Zhao Zhouqiao (also known as Anji Bridge) in Zhao County, Hebei Province. The bridge is an open-shouldered single-hole circular stone arch bridge, which was dug in the 7th century. The Grand Canal with Luoyang as the center, Hangzhou in Nantong and Beijing in the north was built. The canal is 2700 kilometers long.
/kloc-in the 20th century, there was a duplex lock on the China Canal.
In August19, China built the baodai bridge in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. The bridge is a multi-arch stone bridge with a total length of 317m.
From 976 to 997, Zhangping, China, built the wharf by the method of "crossing the pond to divert water, and then diving into it".
From A.D. 1056 to A.D. 1063, Zhao Zhen, Song Renzong, China promulgated 74 special postal laws, namely Jiayou Postal Order.
1 1 century, China shipbuilding adopts watertight cabin structure.
1 1 19 AD, there was a boatman in China Song Zhuyu's Zhou Ping Ketan. He observed the stars at night, the sun during the day and the compass at night, indicating that the compass had been used for navigation.
In 1 170, a stone bridge, Guangji Bridge, was built in Chaozhou, China.
1 192, China built the Lugou Bridge across the Yongding River in wanping county, southwest of Beijing. The total length of the bridge is 212.2m.
/kloc-At the beginning of the 0/2nd century, the Map of Xuanhe's Mission to Korea at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty was the earliest existing navigation guide book of its kind in China.
In A.D. 1206, a courier station "Express Shop" was set up in Jin Zhangzong, China, which was followed by Yuan and Ming dynasties.
Kyle Polo, an Italian traveler, went to China in 1275, stayed in 17, and returned to Venice to write Travel Notes of Marco Polo. /kloc-The Grand Canal was rebuilt in 0/3, basically forming today's route and trend. Total length of Grand Canal 1794 km.
Around 1403 ~ 1424, China established the People's Information Bureau, which was dedicated to delivering letters and articles to the people and handling remittances.
From A.D. 1405 to 1433, Zheng He, a China navigator, led a fleet of seven voyages to the Western Ocean and arrived in West Asia and East Africa.
Royal Mail was founded by Louis Xi the Great.
AD 1487 Portuguese navigator Diaz first reached the Cape of Good Hope at the southernmost tip of Africa.
From 1492 to 1504, the Italian navigator Columbus led the fleet to sail four times, discovered the American continent that he thought was Asia at that time, and opened the route from Europe to America.
1497 ~ 1498 Portuguese navigator gama found the route from Europe to India by bypassing the cape of good hope.
1519 ~1521year, Portuguese navigator Magellan led his fleet to complete the first round-the-world voyage in human history.
In AD 1569, the geographer Mercator published a map of the world based on the principle of isometric cylindrical projection. He is regarded as the father of modern nautical charts.
In 65438 AD, the British Post used the datestamp.
1679, France began to publish an astronomical calendar named "Knowledge about Time and Celestial Movement", including a nautical almanac.
The first navigation tunnel was built in France in 168 1 year.
1706, China built the iron cable bridge of Dadu River-Luding Bridge in Luding County, Sichuan Province.
1730, Englishman J. Hadley invented the double reflection octometer. After that, the scale arc is stretched to 60 to become a sextant.
1732, Britain built the first light ship at the mouth of the Thames.
1760, Lloyd's Register, the earliest and largest classification society in the world, was established with its headquarters in London. 1769, a Frenchman, N.J. Guniu, made a three-wheeled steam locomotive with front-wheel drive.
1779, Britain built the world's first cast iron bridge-Severn River Bridge.
1783, French brother Monte Goffer made a manned hot air balloon and made the first balloon flight.
1790, the United States established the world's earliest coast guard. 19 15 was renamed the United States Coast Guard.
In a.d. 1804, an Englishman, R. Trevithick, built a steam locomotive for coal mine transportation.
In a.d. 1807, the American R. Fulton used a steam engine to propel the paddle wheels on both sides for the first time on board the Clermont.
A.D. 18 15 J.L. Mark of Scotland successfully paved the gravel pavement.
A.D. 18 17 France established postal remittance.
18 18, the American "black ball" steamship company opened the regular liner service between new york and Liverpool for the first time.
18 19, American m Rogers successfully built a steam-engine sailboat "Savannah" to cross the Atlantic, and a coach appeared on the streets of Paris, France, which was a milestone in the establishment of urban public transportation.
182 1 year, Britain built the first armored ship "Aaron Mumby".
1825, Britain built the world's first railway-stockton-Darlington Railway.
In A.D. 183 1 year, an Englishman named Pi Iscu discovered the Antarctic continent. The United States first adopted double-axle bogies on railway passenger cars. In A.D. 1832, Sweden dug the jota Canal connecting the North Sea and the Baltic Sea.
In A.D. 1835, American S.F.B Morse created Morse code for telegraph communication.
In A.D. 1837, American S.F.B Morse invented the electromagnetic telegraph with the help of mechanic A.L. Weir, and the French railway department first adopted the train diagram.
In A.D. 1839, the first ship with propeller was built, Archimedes, and Britain began to telegraph the departure and arrival information of trains between railway stations near London.
1840, Britain began to implement a unified postage system and issued the world's first stamp-"black penny"
184 1 year, Britain installed the world's first arm board signal on the railway.
In A.D. 1842, Pan of China made a small steam wheel driven by a steam engine.
In A.D. 1843, an underwater pedestrian tunnel across the Thames was built in Britain, with a length of 1200 feet. 1865, the tunnel was transformed into an underwater railway tunnel. In Britain, railway stations first adopted centralized mechanical interlocking.
In A.D. 1844, the earliest practical long-distance open line-the telegraph line from Washington to Baltimore was built in the United States, with a total length of 64 kilometers.
A.D. 1848 J.L. lamport of France made a small cement boat with steel wire and cement mortar.
1849, Germany laid the first long-distance land telegraph line from Berlin to Frankfurt.
1850, Britain laid the world's first submarine cable in the English Channel, but it was damaged the next day because there was no armored protection. Britain built the Brittany Bridge across the Meynet Strait. The bridge, with a total length of 460 meters, is the first railway box girder bridge riveted with cooked iron plates in the world.
In A.D. 1854, G Morrison, an Englishman, put forward a measurement method to calculate the ship volume according to Simpson's integral rule. France built asphalt pavement in Paris for the first time. Thomson, an Englishman, invented submarine telegraph and put forward the attenuation theory of signal transmission.
1855, China set up the earliest canoe-copper sand canoe in the Yangtze River estuary.
In A.D. 1857, American M Murray drew the earliest chart of the North Atlantic, and the first international signal code came out. In A.D. 1858, Britain began to use railway block.
In A.D. 1860, people in European shipping, insurance, trade and adjustment circles made the Glasgow Resolution.
In 186 1 year, Britain established postal savings, and France published the first stamp catalogue, Stamps, with about 500 kinds of stamps.
1862, New Knowledge Monthly, the first philatelic magazine published in Britain, was published.
1863, the world's first underground railway was built in London, England, with a length of about 6.4 kilometers.
In A.D. 1865, American S.V. Cirkel laid a 9,756-meter-long oil pipeline in Pennsylvania with wrought iron pipes, and the International Telegraph Union was first established in Britain because of Furness.
In A.D. 1866, Britain successfully laid a submarine cable across the Atlantic Ocean, realizing overseas telegraph communication. China founded Fujian Mawei Shipping Bureau (Shipyard).
1868, Britain set up traffic lights in London for the first time.
In A.D. 1869, the Suez Canal connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea was opened to traffic. The canal is located in the northeast of Egypt, and there are bulk carriers specialized in transporting coal on the Atlantic route of 1.73 km. The transcontinental railway in the United States was opened to traffic. Austria first issued postcards. In 1.870, American e jenner invented the automatic coupler of railway vehicles, and railway carriages appeared in London, England.
187 1 year, foreign businessmen set up telegrams in China.
In A.D. 1872, China Merchants Group was established in China, and American W Robinson successfully researched DC closed-circuit track circuit.
In a.d. 1873, Britain made the magnetic compass, a ship navigation instrument, and the first practical electric locomotive was made by an Englishman, R. Davidson. Britain built the world's first hump yard in Liverpool.
In A.D. 1874, 22 countries including Germany, France and Britain signed the Berne Treaty and established the General Postal Union. An Englishman, H.J. Lawson, made a bicycle in a basically modern form. The United States built the world's first steel arch bridge-St. Louis Bridge. In a.d. 1875, a.g. Bell, an American scientist of Scottish descent, invented the Austrian duplex telegraph with the help of T. Watson. This car is now in the Vienna Museum, and the British-Kolkata Liner Association was established.
1876 A.G. Bell, a Scottish-born American scientist, invented the telephone, Germany built the world's first simple hump at Spidorf railway marshalling station, and German N. Otto built a four-stroke internal combustion engine. The first railway, Songhu Railway, appeared in China. This railway is about 14.5 kilometers long and is built by foreign businessmen.
In A.D. 1877, the magnet telephone exchange appeared, and the United States established the first telephone office in Boston.
In A.D. 1878, China began to operate postal services by customs, and issued stamps for the first time. The first set of stamps is commonly known as Dalong stamps. The Universal Postal Union held its second congress, revised the Berne Treaty and renamed it the Universal Postal Convention. France has successfully developed the first automatic train stop device.