There are three disasters for mankind.

1 five flowers

The ethnic policy of the Western Jin Dynasty attacked the Eastern Han Dynasty, took in the Hu people who failed in the Mongolian Plateau War, refused to follow Guan Zhong's strategy, and let them live together, giving them far more land to graze than ordinary Han people.

Subsequently, Sima's improper governance led to the civil war of the Eight Kings.

During the civil war of the Eight Kings, a large number of Hu people were hired to fight as mercenaries.

After the Eight Kings Rebellion, Hu mercenaries got the equipment and organization given by the Western Jin government, and began to rebel and destroy the Western Jin regime.

The remnants of the Western Jin Dynasty abandoned the northern people and fled to Nanjing to establish the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Xiongnu rebelled first, followed by Jie and Qiang.

Liu Yuan of Xiongnu established the Han and Zhao Dynasties.

After Liu Yuan's death, Schleswig killed Liu's nephew and founded Zhao.

After Schleswig's death, Shi Hu, the son of Schleswig, killed Schleswig's sons and nephews as Emperor Zhao.

After the death of Shi Hu, Ran Min killed the sons and nephews of Schleswig-Holstein and Shi Hu to stand on their own feet, and later issued an order to kill all the Jie and Xiongnu in North China.

In the north, Murong of Xianbei went south, Ran Min was defeated and captured after many bloody battles, and Xianbei established Yan State.

The Qiang and Di nationalities taken in in the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Western Jin Dynasty gradually rose.

Bianqiang had surrendered to Jieren, but after Ran Min rose up, he fought Ran Min many times and was defeated by Ran Min.

Although Xianbei defeated Ran Min, it also suffered heavy losses. The Miao people defeated the Qiang people in the northwest, then defeated Xianbei in the east, and the Miao people unified the north in Fu Jian.

Fu Jian went south to crusade against the Eastern Jin Dynasty and was defeated by Xie Xuan, the general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Fu Jian appeased Xianbei people and Qiang people who took the opportunity to rebel, killed Fu Jian, and the north was in chaos again.

Then the Tuoba people of Xianbei went south and confronted Song, Liang and Chen Nanbei, who replaced the Eastern Jin Dynasty, forming the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

The Five Chaos in China was the first catastrophe in the history of Chinese civilization, and it was almost extinction.

Countless glorious ancient civilizations in human history have thus fallen apart under the onslaught of barbarians, such as the Roman Empire, and unknown ones such as Sumer, ancient Egypt, Babylon and Assyria.

Fortunately, one of them is Ran Min. When Ran Min became independent, the population of Hu nationality in Central Plains was 67 million, and that of * * * was 45 million. If Ran Min hadn't slaughtered a large number of conference semifinals, I'm afraid the Han nationality would be extinct.

The tragedy that happened in Ran Min made the conference semifinals without wilder panic, and they never dared to slaughter wantonly.

Sunset on the cliff mountain

General Meng Gong, Lv Wende and Jincon fought hard for decades at the border of the Southern Song Dynasty, and Wang Jian even killed Khan Mungo of the Mongolian Empire, forcing the Mongolian Empire to shrink the Mamluk Empire, which was in the midst of Khan's civil war, and the Poles in Eastern Europe were saved.

On the other hand, Xiangyang City suffered the onslaught of manpower and material resources of half the earth civilization for decades, and finally fell after Lv Wende fell ill.

When Xiangyang fell, the Southern Song Dynasty was facing serious infighting: Jia Sidao planned to raise taxes to raise military expenses, but the literati would rather die than agree.

The Mongolian army just went down with the trend, and the literati in the Southern Song Dynasty also surrendered.

A few unwilling people, two children of Li Zong in the Southern Song Dynasty escaped. Unfortunately, although Zhang Shijie was brave, he couldn't fight a water battle, and Lien Chan lost in a row. Finally, it was defeated by the Mongolian army in Yashan.

Lu Xiufu would rather die than be a prisoner, and drowned himself carrying the 9-year-old emperor.

It's called the sunset on the cliff mountain.

3 Shenjiatianbian

Fifteen years after Wanli, sunspots changed, and the whole northern hemisphere began to become cold and rainy. This is the so-called Little Ice Age.

In fact, due to the financial difficulties of the Ming Dynasty and the abnormal climate during the Little Ice Age, there were rebellions in Ningxia in the north and Guizhou in the south. To make matters worse, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, a Japanese country, plans to explore North Korea in the west and use it as a springboard to occupy China after reunifying Japan.

Emperor Wanli's three large-scale expeditions are called the Three Signs of Wanli in the history of China.

Fighting costs money, a lot of money.

However, the country's wealth was insufficient, and the court literati suggested that the emperor Wanli increase taxes, but the emperor Wanli refused to increase taxes (land tax) because he knew that adding land tax in bad weather would make the people rebel.

Scholar-officials told him that as long as the emperor Wanli was close to the gentleman and far away from the villain, the sun would naturally not have sunspots, and the Little Ice Age would inevitably end early (oh, in history, Confucian scholars said that the weather was normal when the gentleman was close to the villain, and Confucian scholars did not understand sunspots and ice ages).

Emperor Wanli, the evil demon king, refused to listen to the advice of Confucian scholars and decided to levy business tax and mining tax to raise military expenses.

The world is in chaos. Well, Confucian scholars who compile history books say that the world is in chaos. Although there is no uprising, there is only rebellion, but Confucian scholars still say: people's grievances are boiling.

At the end of Wanli, Nuzhen, a state-built woman in Northeast China, rose and sent a famous water conservancy scientist to pacify and build slaves. He was defeated.

Emperor Wanli opened Xiong Tingbi and began to turn things around gradually.

But Wanli died of illness.

Later, what happened to the three major cases of Lindong Party was nothing, and I was too lazy to talk about it.

Anyway, after the death of Wanli, the Ming army retreated step by step until it retreated to Ningyuan near Shanhaiguan.

Generally speaking, at the end of the Ming Dynasty, China's military system was reversed, and the original strict military system was messed up by Confucian scholars. Actually, an army of thousands of people has been introduced, and only one hundred soldiers can really fight-Confucian scholars seem to like this system very much.

This system brought retribution in the late Ming dynasty, and the fighting capacity of the Ming army was greatly reduced. It is difficult to win over the Jurchen of Jianzhou and gradually lose the whole Liaodong.

However, at this time, the strategic advantage of the Ming empire in establishing the Jurchen country is still obvious. Although the domestic ice age was severe, Emperor Wanli and Emperor Apocalypse refused to increase taxes on farmers in the north in the disaster year, but instead taxed the prosperous businesses in the south.

Therefore, despite the frequent civil strife in China (mostly instigated by Confucian scholars in business), there was no large-scale peasant uprising.

In the case of internal stability, even a small defeat at the border is not a big problem.

At this time, the Emperor Apocalypse died, and a very diligent Emperor Chongzhen came up.

Emperor Chongzhen was diligent, believed in Confucianism and trusted Confucian scholars. He firmly believes that as long as he is close to the gentleman and away from the villain, there will be no sunspots in the sun, and the Little Ice Age has long since ended.

Emperor Chongzhen trusted Confucian scholars and began to increase taxes in the north (tax reduction at the time of the Wanli apocalypse). Well, Shaanxi is the key point, because the evil eunuch Wei Zhongxian didn't get enough tax in Shaanxi for several years.

As everyone knows, then a few people in Shaanxi rebelled, and later, ......................

During the Chongzhen period, there was basically no rebellion in the Ming Empire, because his administration won the hearts of Confucian scholars, so there was no rebellion.

From the second year of Chongzhen to the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, Emperor Chongzhen tried desperately to subdue those bandits in Shaanxi, but it became more and more difficult to fight. He is very frugal. There are no silk clothes and no gold and silver decorations in the palace except the robes. He is very diligent, and he only sleeps for four hours and reads newspapers every day.

Finally, in the year of Jia, Li Zicheng set out from Shaanxi and went east to Beijing. Ming troops surrendered one after another along the way, and Beijing fell. Emperor Chongzhen was so angry that Jingshan Park hanged himself, leaving a famous saying of the Ming Dynasty: No tribute, no marriage, the son of heaven protects the country and the king dies.

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After Li Zicheng's triumphant invasion of Beijing, he failed to establish good relations with the Liaodong garrison of the Ming Empire, which was stationed in Shanhaiguan and still kept the Manchu in Shanhaiguan, which led Wu Sangui to lead the Qing army into Shanhaiguan and crush Li Zicheng.

Li Zicheng was defeated, from Beijing to Xi 'an, from Xi 'an to Hubei, and finally in Jiugong Mountain.

Manchu immediately ruled China, pursued the policy of enslaving Chinese civilization and imprisoned it. ........................

These are the three disasters of Chinese civilization in the history of China.