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Graphic history-Qin law
Qin Law is the general name of the laws of the Qin Dynasty in China. In the sixth year of Qin Xiaogong, Shang Yang became the prime minister of Qin Dynasty and carried out political reform. Based on Li Kui's Canon of Law, the six laws were changed into six laws. After Qin unified the world, Li Si supplemented and revised it on this basis, formulated a new Qin law and a relatively complete criminal law. In terms of crime and punishment, the Qin law, based on the pre-Qin legalists' theory of evil nature and guided by the doctrine of severe punishment, stipulated a variety of crimes and quite severe penalties.

In the past, Qin law was inferred from Han law. Later, in 1975 and 12 years, more than 0/000 pieces of bamboo slips of the Qin tomb were unearthed in Yunmeng Sleeping Tiger Land, Hubei Province, most of which were the legal provisions of the Qin Dynasty, questions and answers on interpretation of the law, prison administration-related paperwork, etc. The map of Yunmeng Qin bamboo slips unveiled the mystery of Qin law. The following figure introduces the function, classification and characteristics of Qin law.

? Qin law is a concentrated expression of the will of the landlord class and a powerful weapon for Qin Shihuang to rule the whole country. The formulation of Qin law is mainly to prevent and suppress the anti-Qin forces and stabilize the feudal ruling order.

As can be seen from the above picture, the criminal law of the Qin Dynasty is extremely cruel and harsh, so the prisoners in the Qin Dynasty account for a large proportion of the national population, and Qin Shihuang never had an Amnesty in his life, so the number of prisoners in the Qin Dynasty is amazing, and the people sent out the message that "the world has suffered from Qin for a long time".

Historical anecdotes

Although Shang Yang's political reform was successful, like most political reformers in history, he inevitably touched the interests of some forces, so he was finally sanctioned by his own Qin law:

In 338 years ago, Qin Xiaogong was dying and wanted to spread it to Shang Yang, but Shang Yang refused to accept it. Qin Xiaogong died, and his son Huiwen Wang succeeded him. Someone said to Qin Huiwang, "A minister with high qualifications will endanger the country, and if he gets too close to people around him, he will be killed." At this time, Gongzi Qian and others took the opportunity to report Shang Yang's rebellion, and Qin Huiwen sent someone to arrest Shang Yang. Shang Yang fled to the border and wanted to stay in a hostel. The owner of the hostel didn't know that he was a Shang Jun. When he saw that he didn't bring any documents, he told him that the "Shang Jun Law" (that is, the Shang Yang Law) stipulated that guests who stayed without documents would be punished by "sitting together". Shang Yang lamented that "the new law has actually left this kind of harm", which is the origin of the idiom "Kill one's body and die". Shang Yang wanted to take refuge in Wei, but Wei refused him, because he broke Mo Wei treacherously and captured Gongzi Ang alive. Shang Yang secretly returned to his fief, Shang Yang, and immediately organized Bing Yi to attack Zheng in the north. Qin sent troops to beg for help, Shang Yang was defeated and killed in Guo Zhengchi. His body was transported back to Xianyang, Qin Huiwang ordered the punishment of "car crack" and Shang Yang's family was also killed.

As peers, Reese and Zhao Gao were gradually regarded as a thorn in Zhao Gao's side after the Dune Project. At this time, uprisings are surging all over the country. The left prime minister Feng Quji, the right prime minister Li Si, and the general Feng Jie advised him to suspend the construction of Epang Palace and reduce the corvee. I put these three people in prison and they were tried for other crimes. Feng went to the hospital and robbed himself. Only Reese went to prison. II let Zhao Gao personally hear the case of Reese, inquire about the rebellion of Li You, the father and son of Reese, and arrest the Reese clan, all the people and guests. Zhao Gao dismembered Reese and tortured them. Reese couldn't stand the pain and was finally beaten to confess. Reese didn't commit suicide, hoping to write a letter in prison, but Zhao Gao found out. In order not to let II see Reese's letter, Zhao Gao ordered people to throw it away, and then sent people to impersonate the suggestion and take turns to interrogate it. As long as Reese recants his confession himself, he will suffer again. Later, I sent someone to verify Reese's confession. Reese thought he would be a hypocrite like a few days ago, and finally he confessed against his will, and was finally sentenced to one of the five punishments and beheaded in Xianyang market. And Li You has been killed in the battle with the insurgents, and all three families of Reese have been implicated.

Although Shang Yang and Li Si died, the new law they promoted has not been abolished, but has been affecting the state of Qin and even the later Qin Dynasty.