Zhuang Yuan, the first author of the paper.
The imperial examination system was implemented from the first year of the great cause of Sui Dynasty (605) and lasted for 1300 years until the last Jinshi examination in the thirty-first year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1905). Imperial examination, admission is divided into three grades. Three people in one armor were awarded the title of "Jinshi Ji". One of them is the number one scholar (Dingyuan), the second is the second, and the third is Tan Hua, collectively known as the "Three Top".
Liu Chunlin's calligraphy, the last literary champion.
The number one scholar is a dragon and phoenix among people, and it takes only a few years to produce one. Jinshi started in Yang Di, but due to historical oblivion, it is unlucky to open Jinshi in Yang Di. In the history of imperial examinations in China, one of the most famous champions (literary champions) was Sun Fu, a native of Hebei Province in the fifth year of Wude, Tang Gaozu (622), and the last champion was also a native of Hebei Province, Liu Chunlin, a native of Suning, Hebei Province, who was selected as the champion in the thirtieth year of Guangxu (1904).
Stepping lens
In addition to the fact that Jinshi can be selected into the DPRK as an official through layers, the dynasty also opened a door for martial arts, that is, the martial arts examination. The history of martial arts selection is relatively later than literary works, and it began during the reign of Wu Zetian. In the Tang Dynasty, Wu Zetian initiated the martial arts examination for selecting military commanders, which was renamed Wu Ke in the Qing Dynasty. Historically, Wu Juyi has been detained about 500 times. Compared with the civil imperial examination, the military imperial examination is less valued. Martial arts in the past dynasties were sometimes abandoned and resumed, and the status of martial arts students was lower than that of scholars from liberal arts.
Shoot a horse
The last martial arts examination was in the 24th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1898), and there are still six years before the end of the civil science examination. Zhang Sanjia became the last martial arts champion in China's imperial examination history.
Zhang Sanjia, born in Bingzinian (1876) in Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, was a native of Hubuzhai Village in Kaizhou (now Puyang, Henan). Since childhood, Zhang Sanjia's parents abandoned literature and practiced martial arts, and they were proficient in martial arts. Whether they were guns, knives, swords, halberds and soft whips, they were all called village girls.
Dancing knife
Learn martial arts, and the goods are in the emperor's house. During the Guangxu period of Ding Younian (AD 1897), Zhang Sanjia, like many martial arts lovers, went to the countryside to take an examination of martial arts.
In the Qing dynasty, a martial artist was tested not only by physical strength, but also by versatility. If you look at the examination subjects of martial arts in the Qing Dynasty, you will find it much more difficult than taking a driver's license. The main test items are: try to shoot "ma bu" or horse stance just look, shoot two of six arrows, and get the last three arrows. Five of the nine arrows in the step are merged. Then compare strength, including pulling a hard bow, dancing a knife and lifting stones. Bow is divided into eight forces, ten forces and twelve forces; Knife score 80, 100, 120 kg; Stone is divided into 200, 10 and 300 kg. If you pass the martial arts exam, you must take a written test. Illiterates who only know how to fight and kill can't win martial arts.
Lift a stone (stills)
As a martial artist, you can go to Beijing to take a higher-level exam. On that day, Prince Gong went to the tinker in casual clothes to watch the drills of various schools. When he saw the routine of Zhang Sanjia's shoulder to shoulder, he was overjoyed and took the initiative to close it at the door. At the time of the exam, the top three bows, knives and stones were all at home, ranking first.
Gong, Prince of Bole of Zhang Sanjia.
In the entrance examination, Zhang Sanjia held a 180-pound broadsword in both hands, playing like a somersault dance, and the number of sets was changeable: for a while, the dragon swooped and the knife fell to the ground, like a storm; After a while, Kun Peng spread his wings and flew in the air, as if to go straight into the sky. Emperor Guangxu, as an examiner, was immediately attracted by Zhang Sanjia's wonderful performance and was immediately happy, and appointed Zhang Sanjia as the champion. In the fifth year of Yongzheng (1727), it was stipulated that Wu Zhuangyuan was awarded the first-class bodyguard, so Zhang Sanjia became the side of Emperor Guangxu.
Jinyiwei (stills)
In Qing Dynasty, the martial arts examination was held 1 12 times, which means that I have 1 12 martial arts champions in my life. Zhang Sanjia was fortunate to be the last martial arts champion under the imperial examination system.
Zhang Sanjia, who won the first prize, suddenly changed from a farmer's son to a protege, which is very beautiful. Regrettably, in the days when his wife was happy to have her son in the third year of high school, the Zhang family fell ill because of overwork and worry about state affairs. I died a month later.
The above is related to Ding Younian of Guangxu, and it is about the sharing of Guangxu. After reading Guangxu Gengxunian, I hope it will help everyone!