Ju Yong became a scholar, relying on his own literary skills to learn from the vassal state, and went to the vassal state to take charge of Hangzhou. Yongji and Sheng Yong were appointed as judges in Dali and were in charge of Renhe County in Hangzhou. When Ju Yong took office, he first gave his books and poems to his ministers, thanking him for his usual encouragement, and now he is an official, asking him to entertain each other with words, but the ministers disagreed. After Yong arrived, Wang was not polite, but he was very eager to check his official duties. Ju Yong was disappointed. He no longer regarded him as self-knowledge, but specialized in learning to be an official. Since then, he has been promoted to be the king of political participation, and Yong is not recommended. For human reasons, he replied: "With Yong's talent, you don't have to worry about not being outstanding in the future, but you are worried about arrogance. I just suppressed him and perfected his virtue. " After hearing this, Juyong began to regard Wang as a true friend.
Cao Cao advocated "let the wisdom of the world strive for the return of the world", "great users should not be cautious" and "I will let the wisdom of the world be ruled by the Tao and be omnipotent"; He knows that "a chicken loses its life in the morning, and it is necessary to make up for it". "It is difficult to be vain to know people's responsibilities, to pull them out of the ban, to enter the business with joy, and to make contributions within Zhang Liao and Yu Lu, and to be listed as the name"; He takes the overall situation as the priority, and can achieve "each has his own ulterior motives, be a little melodramatic, and let bygones be bygones." Zhang Xiu defected after surrendering, and then surrendered. Cao Cao gave him preferential treatment and made him an official position. Chen Bi, Zhong Wei and others had deceived Cao Cao, but they were still reused after being captured. As a result, the princes and military commanders in the Cao Wei camp came forth in large numbers, forming a bigger situation.
Sun Quan knows that people are good at their duties, and he knows the truth that "Duke Zhou should not want to prepare one person". He can not only observe its shortcomings, but also use its strengths, boldly use young generals and entrust the important tasks to Zhou Yu, Lu Meng and Lu Xun; He said that Lu Su had two strengths (it was suggested to establish an imperial industry and unite with Cao) and one weakness (Jingzhou lent it to Liu Bei), and the two strengths could not be damaged by one weakness.
How did Liu Bang choose people?
As a commander in chief, Liu Bang knew that only by putting his talents in a proper position, such as letting Han Xin lead troops, Zhang Liangji and Xiao He run the country, can people really play their role. But talent is rare. How did Liu Bang select talents? Secondly, although Liu Bang chose people regardless of their origins, he dared to choose people regardless of their status, as long as they were talented. However, people who run out of the hostile camp, like Chen Ping who runs out of Xiang Yu's army, how should he arrange it, and whether to use it or not?
In order to maximize the use of talents, Liu Bang dared to use those who surrendered from the hostile camp. Then, will he bear a grudge against those who have offended him and those who have contradictions with him, and look for opportunities to retaliate? Liu bang wants to win the world, but in many places he can't compare with his opponent Xiang Yu. In the face of defected talents such as Chen Ping and Han Xin, did he win their support by covering up his shortcomings? Liu Bang has his own strengths in attracting talents, such as Han Xin, Sean and Chen Ping. These people all defected to Liu Bang from Xiang Yu's army, but what was Liu Bang's attitude when using them?
Liu Bang can make full use of talents' strengths. Han Xin, who will lead the troops, dares to give them to the soldiers. Sean, who is good at strategy, can strategize and manage customers under his command. Xiao He dared to give money in vain, but Liu Bang really let go of his hands and feet to choose and employ persons, regardless of anything?
After Liu Bang's victory, he once discussed a problem with his heroic generals. Liu bang said, you say, Xiang Yu and I fight for the world, why is the world mine in the end? What about Xiang Yu? You all tell the truth, don't keep it from me, you must all tell the truth. At this time, two ministers, one named Gao Qi and the other named Wang Ling, stood up and told the truth, saying that we thought your majesty was arrogant and rude, while Xiang Yu was kind and considerate, which was the truth. In front of Liu bang, we said, but why does an arrogant and rude person like your majesty win the world, while Xiang Yu, who is kind and kind, wins the world? It is also distributed to all of us, so we are willing to support you and win the world. Liu bang said that the public knows one thing and doesn't know another, that is, you can see it on the one hand and can't see it on the other. He said that in the process of strategizing, we are thousands of miles apart. We are not as good as the ovary, but Sean. I'm not as good as Sean in the headquarters to formulate a strategic policy, and then command the distant battlefield to win. In this respect, I am not as good as Sean, urban and rural areas, caring for the people and enjoying food. I am not as good as Xiao He, which is to govern a country. Even millions of people, the battle will win, the attack will take, I am not as good as Han Xin. I led this army to fight and win every battle. I am not as good as Han Xin. These three people are outstanding figures in today's world, but they can all be used by me, so I can win the world. What about Xiang Yu? There's only one Fan Zeng over there, and it can't be used yet, so it's lost the world. Liu Bang believes that this is the fundamental reason for his victory and success.
What does this mean? It shows that in Liu Bang's view, employing people is the most important way to success, that is, Liu Bang's way to success, that is, his leadership art. I have summarized eight characteristics. The first characteristic is to know people and be good at their duties. Knowing people and being good at their duties is also a word we often say when we talk about the art of leadership, but what is knowing people and being good at their duties? I think it is the first to know people and be good at their duties, and the second is to be good at their duties. To know is to know yourself first, and then to know yourself. People are self-aware, and self-awareness is the greatest wisdom. This is very difficult, really difficult. And Liu Bang is a self-aware person. He knows very well what is the most important talent of a leader. Is to mobilize the enthusiasm of subordinates, to know what their talents are, what their talents are, what their personality, characteristics, strengths and weaknesses are, and where they are most suitable. This is the greatest talent of a leader. A leader does not mean that he does nothing. Hands-on leaders are by no means good leaders. As a leader, as long as you master a group of talents, put them in the right position and let them give full play to their enthusiasm and role, your career will be successful. Liu Bang understood this fundamental truth, so Liu Bang became a core of his group.
Confucius said that governing the country means governing the country. He said that governing the country by virtue, such as Beichen, what is Beichen? It is the North Star, arched by the stars. Look at our Polaris, which will never move. Outside Polaris is the Big Dipper, which revolves around Polaris. The Big Dipper is moving, but the North Star is not moving. The core of leadership is immobile, so that others can move. Liu bang is the north star of their military group. Xiao He, Sean, Han Xin, Chen Ping, Fan Kuai, Zhou Bo and Cao Can are his Big Dipper. That's why Liu Bang succeeded.
The second feature is eclecticism. A self-aware person often knows others, and a person who doesn't even know himself often finds it difficult to know others. Because Liu Bang is a self-aware person, he also knows others very well. And he also has one of the biggest advantages, that is, he uses talents in an eclectic way, so everyone in Liu Bang's team has it. Let's see what kind of team Liu Bang is.
In this team of Liu Bang, Sean is a noble and a tourist, Xiao He is a county magistrate, Fan Kuai is a dog seller, Guan Ying is a cloth dealer, Lou Jing is a coachman, a robber and a trumpeter, and Han Xin is an unemployed youth. It can be said that everyone has it. Then Liu bang put them together and took their positions. He didn't care that people said he was a miscellaneous army and the king of weeds. What he requires is that all talents can give full play to their roles. What's this called? This is called eclecticism, which is the second characteristic of Liu Bang's employment.
The third feature is surrender. Many people in Liu Bang's team once worked under Xiang Yu. Because they could not stay in Xiang Yu's army, they went to Liu Bang. Liu bang opened the door to welcome guests without discrimination. You are willing, welcome, welcome. For example, Han Xin, Chen Ping and Han Xin were originally Xiang Yu's men. Because he couldn't play a role under Xiang Yu, he came to Liu Bang. Chen Ping walked more roads. Chen Ping was originally one of Wang Wei's men, but he couldn't play a role in Wang Xiang, so he went to Hanwang. At that time, when Chen defected to Liu Bang, he escaped from Xiang Yu's army, and Liu Bang was very happy. Then ask him if Mr. Chen is in Xiang Yu's place. Chen Ping said, a surname, and Liu Bang said, OK, you are still a surname with me, and immediately appoint him as a surname. After the appointment, public opinion was in uproar, and many senior generals in Liu Bang's army refused to accept it. It's interesting to talk about our king. Xiang Yu, a deserter over there, fled to us and said three words. He immediately gave him such a big official and sat in a car with him. There were many comments, but Liu Bang ignored you. I appointed me and trusted Chen Ping more. This is called surrender and rebellion.
The fourth characteristic of Liu Bang's employment is to forget the past. In the sixth year of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang had won the world. Liu Bang sealed a number of heroes, but there were still many heroes who were not sealed. Because it is still difficult to discuss how to calculate the hero's merits and what kind of title is appropriate, the matter of sealing the hero was dragged down. One day, Liu Bang was walking in the palace and saw a group of people sitting on the ground, whispering and whispering. Sean said, Your Majesty doesn't know. They are discussing rebellion. Liu bang said that ovaries should not talk nonsense. The world has just settled down. What's the objection? Sean said your majesty didn't know. After your majesty won the world, he sealed a group of heroes, most of whom were your cronies, like Xiao He, and some people who had offended you before. He was punished. Now these heroes are thinking about a question, saying how much can be raised in this world. There are not many things to raise. For those of us who are not closely related to your majesty, and even have offended your majesty before, will we not be raised, or even be caught by your majesty? They couldn't figure it out, so they discussed rebellion there. Liu bang immediately woke up and knew that this was a serious problem. What do you think of "doing something"? Sean asked your majesty to think about it. Are there any such heroes? He has made great contributions and has a bad relationship with your majesty. Is there such a person? Liu Bang said that there was a Yong Chi and Yong Chi, which was very hateful. He insulted me again and again. I wanted to kill him long ago, but he contributed too much. I feel sorry for him. Sean agreed, please seal Yong Zhi as his emergency envoy. Please seal yongchi as soon as possible. Liu bang immediately accepted this suggestion and immediately sealed the yongchi. When Yong Zhi believes, all heroes are at ease. You see, the yongchi is closed, and everyone knows that this yongchi is the emperor's most annoying person. We are all relieved that he closed the door. What's this called? This is called letting bygones be bygones.
The fifth characteristic of Liu Bang's employment is honesty. We know talent. What does he need most? What does a talented person want, desire and need most? Respect. Of course, it's not bad to pay a little more if possible. But the most important thing is to respect and trust him. The only way to respect these talents is to be honest and tell the truth. Liu bang has this advantage. Sean, Han Xin, Chen Ping, these people, if you have any questions, you can talk to Liu Bang and ask questions. Liu Bang answered truthfully, without telling lies. Even if the answer is humiliating, he won't lie. Sean got the news before the hongmen banquet that xiang yu would send troops to destroy liu bang the next day. Sean once asked Liu Bang, please think about it. Can you beat Xiang Yu? Liu bang's answer is "impregnable", but he can't fight. Later, when Han Xin came to Liu Bang's army, he also asked this question, saying that the king himself weighed your ability, charm and strength better than Xiang Yu? Although Liu Bang was silent for a long time, he finally told me frankly that it was "true or false". I'm not as good as him. It is because Liu Bang has a premise that everything is told truthfully and never concealed. In this way, I trusted and respected each other, and got the same return, trust and respect from the other side, and tried my best to help him make suggestions. This is indeed some of our experience as leaders, which is worth learning. This is being honest with each other.
Liu bang's sixth characteristic of employing people is that he does not doubt employing people. We have an old saying, "Don't doubt people, don't doubt people." . If you want to use a person, you must trust him. Don't doubt him. The most taboo for a leader is to see all the people in doubt. Doubting this today and that tomorrow is the most taboo. Liu bang has the courage. Once he decides to use someone, he will never doubt it or let it go. The most typical example is Chen Ping. After Chen Ping took refuge in Liu Bang from Xiang Yu's army, he gained Liu Bang's trust, which made many old people of Liu Bang dissatisfied. We have been with Liu Bang for such a long time, made great contributions and worked hard to get to this position. When the boy Chen Ping came, he was given such a high position that someone went to Liu Bang to speak ill of Chen Ping. These people who went to report gave Chen Ping such a charge, which can be summarized in eight words: stealing money from her sister-in-law, willfulness.
What is a stolen wife? Is adultery with my sister-in-law, this thing is probably true, that is, when Chen Ping was in his hometown, his relationship with his sister-in-law was at least ambiguous, which is of course immoral. What do you mean by collecting money? Is to receive red envelopes. When Chen Ping came to Liu Bang's army, he began to accept red envelopes. This is called collecting money, which is certainly immoral. The other is capriciousness. The evidence of willfulness is that he was in Wang Wei's place, then went to Xiang Yu's place, and now he went to Liu Bang's place. After that, Liu Bang couldn't take it seriously, so Liu Bang scolded the person who recommended Chen Ping for ignorance and blamed him for saying, What's the matter with you? I asked you to recommend me a talent, and as a result, you recommended me a wayward person who stole money from my sister-in-law. Isn't that a villain? How to recommend it to me? Wei's ignorant answer is this: "I will say whatever I say and do whatever your majesty asks." That is, when I recommended it to you, I was talking about his talent, and now your majesty accuses me of my virtue. This talent and virtue are two concepts. Talented people don't necessarily have virtue, and virtuous people don't necessarily have talent. What state are we in now? We are in a very difficult situation and need.
But Liu Bang's name is Chen Ping. I asked him again, saying that Mr. Wang used to work in Wang Wei, and later left Wang Wei to deal with Wang. Now he left Wang Xiang to follow me. Is Mr. Wang's heart a little too much? Chen Ping answered him like this. He said yes, I used to follow Wang Wei, but my plan and my ideas were not accepted by Wang Wei, so I had to go to Wang Xiang, and so did Wang Xiang. He doesn't listen and can't draw. I heard that the king accepts talents. I just came to see the king. I, Chen Ping, came to the king's army naked and broke. If I don't accept other people's gifts and don't accept any gifts, I don't even have money to eat. I have put forward many suggestions to your majesty now. Your majesty thinks my suggestions can be used. Please adopt them. If your majesty thinks my suggestion, my strategy and my plan are useless, and the gift money they gave me is still there, I will return it intact and leave now, okay? Liu said, I'm sorry, I was wrong, I was wrong. Please do not mind, sir. Please stay in my army and choose people without doubt.
Then it is precisely because of Liu Bang's trust that Chen Ping is willing to play for Liu Bang. Liu Bang and Chen Ping had a conversation. Liu bang said, you see, we are now in such a stalemate with Xiang Yu, and no one can eat anyone. When will the world be stable? Please think about what you can do to win by surprise and end this war as soon as possible. Chen Ping said, I once worked under Wang Xiang, and I know Wang Xiang very well. Please let me analyze it for your majesty. Wang Xiang is very noble, very moral and very polite, because Xiang Yu is a man of noble birth, and he treats people well. According to the aristocratic style, he is respectful, polite and courteous, so those who are moral and those who are upright. They all gathered under Xiang Yu's command. Although these people are loyal to Wang Xiang, Wang Xiang has doubts. He is just the opposite of Liu Bang. Liu bang has no doubt about employing people. He is suspicious. We can use this double agent to make Wang Xiang stop trusting these people and cut off his right-hand man. Isn't that enough? Liu bang said it was a good idea, so he asked Mr. Chen to operate it. There is no problem with this fee. We will allocate funds immediately. Forty thousand Jin of gold. Please note that it is not gold, but copper. How can I get 40 thousand Jin of gold? In fact, the gold at that time was 40,000 Jin of copper, brass and brass. Give it to Chen Ping, and you can use the money at will. What do you mean, no entry? Just don't submit an expense account, don't review, and spend whatever you want, as long as you get rid of Xiang Yu with me and keep it for your own use. This was a special measure under special circumstances at that time, which reflected Liu Bang's trust in Chen Ping.
The seventh feature of Liu Bang's employment is that meritorious service must be rewarded. As we said before, if we want to make good use of talents, we must first trust and respect them, and at the same time reward them, because reward is a real affirmation of a talent's contribution. You can't always flatter people by saying that you are a good person, but you are a rare talent. You are our backbone, and you don't give us a penny. This will not work. If you make a contribution, you will get an appropriate reward. If you do well and make great contributions, you will get more rewards; if you do well, you will get general rewards; if you do badly, you will not get rewards or even be punished. You will get obvious returns. Liu bang won the world. First, everyone has a meeting to discuss, and then there are scores? I owe the most to all the speakers, and no one said that he made the least contribution, and he spoke in an orderly way, as he did. Finally, Liu Bang ruled that Xiao He was the first.
After the ruling of Xiao He No.1 was cut out, everyone was unconvinced, so everyone went to Liu Bang for advice, saying that it seemed inappropriate for your majesty. We are all fighting for our lives, and we are fighting for you with our heads in our hands. What was that little guy doing when we were fighting in front? Xiao He stayed at home, took charge of account books, grain and logistics, and made two clothes. How did he get the honor first? Liu bang said, do you know what hunting is? Yes, these are generals. Who can't hunt, general? I know. Liu asked again, do you know hounds? Yes, well, please think about it. Who was chasing rabbits when we were hunting? Hunting dogs, yes, who told hunting dogs to chase rabbits? Hunter, yes, you chase rabbits. Where's ho? I told you to chase rabbits. Therefore, Xiao He is a "Kung Fu man" and you can only be regarded as a "Kung Fu dog". This is the original word of "Kung Fu Dog", and the word "Kung Fu Dog" comes from here. In fact, we all know the protagonists now, but we don't know "Kung Fu Dog" and "Kung Fu Dog".
When Liu Bang said this, everyone was still unconvinced. Everyone thinks that even if we are "Kung Fu dogs", the "Kung Fu Man" is not Xiao He, but also the emperor, right? So why did Liu Bang make Xiao He the first hero? Of course, there are personal relationships. Xiao He is from Peixian County, and for this reason he rebelled with Liu Bang. But I think it is reasonable that Xiao He is listed as the first hero, at least Xiao He is listed as the first hero. What is Xiao He's greatest contribution? What were these generals doing after rescuing the documents and files, that is, when Liu Bang entered Guanzhong and marched into Xianyang, and the army rushed to the edge of Xianyang? Rob things, rob treasures, rape women. Only Xiao He rushed into the National Archives of the Qin Dynasty and preserved the maps, account books and various documents of the Qin Dynasty. Finally, when Liu Bang seized the world, he pointed out the situation of the whole world, such as which place is poor, which place is rich, how many people are there, which place is crowded, which place is sparsely populated, which place produces what, which place has what and what. Xiao He. Because Xiao He has mastered such a message, from this perspective, Xiao He is indeed a good talent for governing the country, that is, a talent for being a prime minister. He knows the importance of this information, that is, the information we are talking about, or information, and its importance, so he is the first to reward Xiao He's merits.
The eighth characteristic of Liu Bang's employment is secret control. As we said just now, Xiao He was listed as the first hero of Liu Bang, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Xiao He served as his first prime minister, now the prime minister, and later worshipped as the prime minister, ranking second only to Liu Bang in the court. For example, Liu Bang Group at this time, if it is a company, Liu Bang is the chairman and Xiao He is the general manager. This is a very important position, which can be said to have given great trust, but even such a person, Liu Bang actually controls it secretly. It's just that he controls it quietly, unlike Xiang Yu. When he doubted, it was written on his face. People can see at a glance that Liu Bang's suspicion and suspicion are silent.
In the autumn of the twelfth year of Han Dynasty, Ying Bu, the king of Huainan, rebelled, and Liu Bang personally led the rebellion. Xiao He stayed in the palace and the capital. He is the prime minister. In the course of this war, Liu Bang kept sending messengers back. When he comes back, he must go to see Xiao He, and he must say that the emperor says hello to Guo Xiang Jr. The emperor asked Xiao what he was doing recently. He was very concerned and considerate, so Xiao was very moved and made every effort to provide logistical support for Liu Bang's actions. At this time, there was a public servant in Xiao He who came to tell Xiao He that the Prime Minister thought your majesty was treating you. Xiao He said, alas, the emperor trusts me very much. You see, messengers are often sent to care about me and ask me how I have been recently. Xiao He just laughed, hum! I think the prime minister's death is not far away. What does Xiao He mean? What do you mean? Do you think the emperor cares about you? This is not reassuring. Keep sending people back to see what you're doing. Do you want to rebel? Think about it. You are the first hero of the big fellow. There is no sealed space for you. How can he trust you? Xiao He said, Oh, it seems so. What should I do? The public said that there is only one way. What method? Self-pollution will ruin your image. How to pollute yourself, corruption.
After Liu Bang pacified Ying Bu, he returned to Beijing and received many complaints from ordinary people, suing Xiao He for using his power to buy our land at a low price. Now that we are homeless and have no land to farm, please ask the emperor to make decisions for us. Received a lot of plaints, and then Liu Bang showed them to Xiao He with a laugh. What did you do, Prime Minister Xiao? Is this how you run the country? Now the common people have no land to plant. I'll leave it up to you. In a joking tone, what did Xiao He say? Xiao He said that it is easy for ordinary people to plant land. Does your majesty have a big garden called Shanglinyuan? That place is very big, and your majesty can let those who have no land farm there. What did Liu Bang say? You got me. You are called "seller's flattery". You locked up, went to prison, put on shackles and handcuffs, handcuffed me, and put Xiao He in prison. After being put in prison, after a period of time, Liu Bang released Xiao He. After Xiao He was released, he immediately ran barefoot to see Liu Bang, and Xiao He, a guilty minister, visited the emperor. Liu bang said forget it, get up, get up. Alas, there is nothing wrong with the Prime Minister, and I am not a good emperor. The reason why I associate it is to let everyone know that the prime minister is a good prime minister and I am a bad emperor, okay. This Xiao He was saved from genocide.
Therefore, Liu Bang's skill of employing people is a typical imperial skill. On the one hand, you see that he seems to have no doubt about employing people, and 40 thousand Jin of gold will not be reimbursed to you. On the other hand, his stomach is extremely suspicious, but his doubts are quiet and his wrists are ingenious. This is the universal law of all so-called promising monarchs, and Liu Bang is not alone. In a word, Liu Bang should be said to know the art of leadership and have the qualities of a leader. It is precisely because he can trust and use talents, fully mobilize their enthusiasm, and secretly prevent and control them that all the talents in the world gathered around him at that time, forming an optimized combination. Thus defeating Xiang Yu and heading for victory. Liu Bang believes that this is the root of his success, which should be said to be reasonable.
But at the same time, there is still a problem, that is, in the Chu-Han War, Liu Bang's opponent, Xiang Yu on the other side, did really badly. It was because of Xiang Yu's repeated mistakes that Liu Bang was given the opportunity to succeed and win again and again. What about Xiang Yu? What's the difference between Xiang Yu and Liu Bang? What are their advantages and disadvantages? Which of them is cuter and which is more worth learning?