22 1 (after reunification) -207 BC, a total of 15 years, san huang, won surname, capital: Xianyang.

1, the first emperor died at the age of 49 from 22 1 to 209 12.

2. Hu Hai II committed suicide from 2009 to March 2007 at the age of 24.

3. Zi Ying was killed by Xiang Yu in 2007-2061year, and has been unknown all the year round.

Chu-Han War (207-202 BC)

Han/Han/Chinese/human

202 BC (beginning with Liu Bang's proclaimed himself emperor)-220 AD, including the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty (including the pre-and post-Han Dynasties). In the Han Dynasty, there were two short periods of rule: Wang Mang and Liu Xuan.

Western Han Dynasty: 202 BC-8 AD, a total of 2 10 years, surnamed Liu, the thirteenth emperor, with its capital: (initially called Luoyang) Chang 'an.

1, Gao Zubang died in the eight years from 206 BC to 195 BC at the age of 6 1.

2. Hui Diying died at the age of 23 from 194 to 188.

3. The Shaodi Palace and Hong (dictatorship) were abolished by Lv Hou eight years before 188- 0/80, and were later executed by him. They were in office for four years and were seven (or eight) years old. Hong was founded by Lv Hou. After Lv Hou's death, he was deposed and executed by Chen Ping of Zhou Bo. After four years in office, he was unknown all the year round. 4. Wendi died in 23 years from 180 to 157 at the age of 47.

5. Jingdi died in157-14116 years, at the age of 48.

6. Liang Wudi died in 54 years from 14 1 year to 87 years BC (Jianyuan, Yuanguang, Yuanshuo, Yuanshou, Ding Yuan, Yuanfeng, Taichu, Tianhan, Taishi, Zhenghe and Hou Yuan) at the age of 69.

7. Zhao Di died at the age of 2 1 year (Shiyuan, Yuanfeng and Yuanping) from 87 to 74 years before Ganling.

8. Xuan Di died at the age of 43, from the age of 74 before his consultation to the age of 49 and 25 before his consultation (Benji, Di Jie, Yuankang, Shenque, Wufeng, Ganlu and Huanglong).

9. Yuan Di died at the age of 42 from 49 to 33 years ago (Chu Yuan, Yong Guang, Jingning).

10, 33 years before Emperor Yao-7 years and 26 years before Emperor Yao (Jianshi, Heping, Yangshuo, Hongjia, Yongshi, Yan Yuan and He Sui) died suddenly at the age of 45.

1 1, 7 years ago-1 6 years ago (Jiang Jianping, Yuan Shou) died at the age of 25.

12, Ping Di Li (Kan) died of illness from/kloc-0 BC to 6 years and 5 years (Yuan Dynasty) at the age of 1 4.

13, Ruziying 6 years -8 years and 3 years (photo) The cause of death is unknown, but the prince of the Western Han Dynasty was held hostage by Wang Mang and did not ascend to the throne.

New Dynasty: A.D. 8- A.D. 23, a total of 15 years, with Chang 'an as its capital and Wang Mang as its first emperor, founded in 15 years. At the age of 69, he was killed by a new army.

Xuanhan: A.D. 23-25, a total of 3 years, capital: Chang 'an, emperor Li: 23-25, 3 years (restart) was killed by the rebels.

Eastern Han dynasty:

A.D. 25-220, a total of 195, surnamed Liu, the thirteenth emperor of the calendar, with its capital in Luoyang.

1. Emperor Guangxiu died from 25 to 57 AD (Jianwu, Jianwu Zhongyuan) at the age of 62.

2. Zhuang Yu 19 (Yongping) died at the age of 48 at the age of 57 to 75.

3.75-88 (Jianchu, Yuanhe and Zhanghe) Zhang Di died at the age of 365,438+0.

4. He died in 88- 105 (Yongyuan, Yuanxing) at the age of 27.

5. Shang died in 1 5 ——16 years (Yanping) at the age of1year and a half.

6. Hu16-12519 (Yongchu, Yongning, Jianguang,) died at the age of 32.

7. Shun Dibao died at the age of 30 during the 20 years from 125 to 145 (Yongjian, Yangjia, Yonghe, Hanan and Jiankang).

8. Chongdi C died in the first month of 144-145 (Yongjia) at the age of 3.

9. Zhidi 1 45-146 June1(at the beginning of this year) was poisoned by Fu, only 9 years old.

10, Emperor of Huan146-167 21year (He Jian, Heping, Yuanjia, Yongxing, Yongshou, Yan Xi, Yongkang), aged 36.

1 1, Ling Dihong168-189 died in 22 years (Jianning, Xiping, Guanghe, Zhong Ping), aged 34.

12, Shao Dibian1May 89-1September 89 (Guangren) was forced to commit suicide by Dong Zhuo at the age of 15.

13, Xian Di society 189 -220 died in 32 years and 234 years respectively, at the age of 54.

In 220 AD, Cao Cao died of illness, and Liu Xie was controlled by Cao Pi, who was then forced to abdicate.

Three Kingdoms

From the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty, during the period of Wei Shuwu's tripartite confrontation, the Three Kingdoms (in 220-280, there were other sayings of 184, 190 or 2008, and there were also sayings of Jin and Wei in 265) were the period of division and confrontation between the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Western Jin Dynasty in China history, and there were three regimes of Cao Wei, Shu Han and Wu Dong. The Three Kingdoms period is magnificent and full of vitality, which often evokes the memory of future generations. Time scholars in the Three Kingdoms have different opinions, which are generally divided into narrow sense and broad sense. In a narrow sense, in 220, Cao Pi forced Emperor Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty to abdicate and established Cao Wei, which opened the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Broadly speaking, it was the beginning of the Yellow Scarf Uprising in 184. Historians pay more attention to the formation and process of the tripartite confrontation. From 184, the Eastern Han Dynasty began to lose its political entity and independent regime, and the embryonic form of the Three Kingdoms was not formed until the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Therefore, the period from 184 to 220 is often included in the discussion of the Three Kingdoms period.

List of emperors of the three kingdoms

Wei:

A.D. 220-265, a total of 46 years, surnamed Cao, lived in five emperors, and the capital was Xuchang.

1, Wendi Pi died in Huang Chu in 220-226 at the age of 40.

2. Ming Di died at the age of 36 from 226 to 239 in 13 (Taihe, Qinglong and Jingchu).

3.239-254, Qi Wangfang (Zhengshi, Jiaping) was abandoned as Wang Qi (Zhaoling County) by Sima in 254, and died in 274 at the age of 43.

4. During the seven years from 254 to 260 (Jacky and Ganlu), the nobles defeated Si Mazhao and were killed by Zhao Wushi at the age of 20.

5, Yuan Di Huan 260-265 6 years (Jingyuan, Xianxi) Xianxi two years (265 years), after the death of Si Mazhao, his son Sima Yansi became the king of Jin, usurped the regime of Wei, Wei perished, and Cao Huan was reduced to. In the first year of Taian (302), Cao Huan died at the age of 58, and posthumous title was Yuan Di.

Cao Cao: In the eighteenth year of Jian 'an, Cao Cao appointed Wei Gong to build the State of Wei. Although he is already an emperor, he is nominally a minister of the Han Dynasty. Stepmother Cao Pi pursued Wei Wudi.

Shu Han:

AD 22 1-263, a total of 42 years, surnamed Liu, Emperor Li, with its capital in Chengdu.

1, Emperor Zhaolie of Han Dynasty died from 22/kloc-0 to 223 (Zhangwu) at the age of 63.

2. Emperor Xiao Huai (the late monarch) was in meditation for 223-263 years (Jianxing, Yan Xi, Jing Yao, Yanxing).

In 263 AD, Wargo entered the customs from level tone, captured Mianzhu, killed Zhuge Zhan and his son, and Liu Chan surrendered. After the death of Shu Han, some senior officials of Liu Chan and Shu Han were moved to Luoyang to live, and they were named an Le Gong. He died in Luoyang in 27 1 year.

Wu:

A.D. 222-280, a total of 59 years (in other words, in 229, Sun Quan was king in 222 and emperor in 229). Sun's surname is four emperors, and his capital is Jianye (now Nanjing).

1, Quan Di died in 229-252 (year number 1: Huang Wu (King of Wu), Huanglong and Jiahe, year number 2: Chiwu, Taiyuan and Shenfeng) at the age of 7 1.

2.252-258, Wang Liang of Huiji was deposed as King of Huiji by the powerful minister Sun Chen in 258. In 260, Sun Liang was falsely accused of suicide. He is only 16 years old.

Jingdi died in Yong 'an in 258-264 at the age of 30.

4. Later number, Wucheng, 264-280, 16 (year number 1: Yuanxing, Ganlu, Baoding, Jianheng, year number 2: Fenghuang, Ce Tian, Tianxi, Tianji).

In 280, Wu was destroyed by the Western Jin Dynasty. Sun Hao surrendered to the Western Jin Dynasty and was given the title of Guiming Hou. Four years later, he died in Luoyang.

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Western Jin Dynasty: 265-3 16, a total of 5 1 year (on the other hand, it was only 37 years before Wu Dong was destroyed), which lasted for four emperors, established Luoyang as the capital and moved to Chang 'an as the capital.

1. Sima Yan, Emperor Wu, died in 26 years (Taishi, Xianning, Taikang and Taixi) from 265 to 290, at the age of 55.

2. Hui Di Sima Zhong (Yongxi, Yongping, Yuankang, Yongkang, Yongning, Tai 'an, Yong 'an, Jianwu, Yongxing and Gui) died in 307, at the age of 48. It is said that he was poisoned by Sima Yue, the king of the East China Sea.

3. During the reign of Emperor Huaidi Sima Chi in 307-3 1 1 and 6 years (Yongjia), Wuhu began to establish an independent regime, but the internal power struggle in Jin Dynasty became increasingly serious. 3 1 1 In the first month, Emperor Huai of Jin secretly wrote a letter to Sima Yue, and in March, he wrote a letter against it. In the same month, Sima Yue died of illness, and people elected Wang Yan as marshal. In April, Wang Yan and Xerox fought in Ningping City, and the Jin Army was wiped out. In June, the Xiongnu army of Liu Cong invaded Luoyang, and Huaidi was captured on his way to Chang 'an. In 3 13, Jin Huaidi was poisoned by Liu Cong at the age of 30.

4. Emperor Sima Ye surrendered to Han and Zhao on 365,438+03-365,438+06 (Jianxing) 365,438+06 65,438+06 February 65,438+065,438+0, and was named Huai Pinghou. 3/KLOC-was killed by Liu Cong in 0/8 at the age of 60.

Si Mazhao named Sima Yi after Jin and Wang Xuan. In the second year of Emperor Xianxi (265), Sima Yan, the son of Si Mazhao, was proclaimed emperor by Wei Chan, and Sima Yi was honored as Xuan Di, with the temple name Emperor Gaozu, Emperor Wen and the temple name Taizu.

Eastern Jin dynasty:

A d 3 17-420, in total 103. The capital of the 1 1 th emperor was Jinling, also known as Jiankang and Jianye, which is now Nanjing.

1, Si Marui, Yuan Di 3 18-323 (Jianwu, Daxing, Yongchang), died at the age of 47.

2. Ming Di Si Mashao died in Taining from 323 to 325 at the age of 27.

3. Sima Yan died in 16 (Xianhe and Xiankang) from 325 to 342, at the age of 2 1 year.

Sima Yue of Kangdi died of illness in 342-344 (Jianyuan) at the age of 23.

5. Moody Sima Dan died on 344-36 1 and 17 (Yonghe and Shengping) at the age of 19.

6. Emperor Ai Sima Pi died from 36 1 to 3654 (Longhe and Xingning) at the age of 25 (worry about food) because he was poisoned by taking longevity medicine.

7.365-37 1.6 years (Taihe) abolished Emperor Sima Yi. In 365, it was abolished by Huan Wen, and it was reduced to Donghai King and Haixi Duke. He died in 386 at the age of 45.

8. Jian Wendi Sima Yu died of anger in 65438+372 10-9 (Xian 'an) at the age of 53.

9. Filial Piety Sima Yao, 372-396 (Kangning) In the 24th year, Emperor Xiao of Jin played a joke on Zhang Guiren, who was beloved at that time, saying that he would abandon her, which led to Zhang Guiren's killing in a rage that night (a good example of death).

10, Andi Sima Dezong died on 397-419-65438+1October 22nd (Long 'an, Yuanxing, tycoon, Yi) at the age of 37.

1 1, Gongdi Sima Wende 4 19-420 two years (Yuanxi)

In 4 19, Emperor Wu of Song killed Emperor Jin 'an and made Sima Wende Emperor, with the year number Yuanxi. In June, 420, Sima Wende and Emperor Wu of Song were in a Zen position, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty perished. Sima Wende was abolished as the king of Lingling. In September of the same year, Emperor Wu of Song sent someone to suffocate Sima Wende with a quilt, at the age of 36 (why use a quilt? ) 。

Sixteen countries

From 304 AD to 439 AD, the establishment of Sixteen States can be divided into two stages: pre-Shu (into Han Dynasty), Han Dynasty, post-Zhao Dynasty, and pre-Qin Dynasty. However, the "Dai" of Tuoba's family in Xianbei and the "Wei" of Ran Min's family are not in 16. Later regimes were: Houqin, Houyan, Southern Yan, Beiyan, Hou Liang, Nanliang, Xiliang, Beiliang, Xiqin and Xia Liang. In addition,' Xiyan' is not in sixteen countries.

Shu (Cheng Han):

From 304 to 347 (since Li Xiong called Chengdu king), there were five emperors, all of whom were in Chengdu.

1, Li Xiong (Jianxing, Yanping, Yuheng) died of head sore in 304-334 at the age of 6 1.

2.334 to 1 year 334, Li Ban was killed by Li Yue, the son of Li Xiongzi, at the age of 47.

3. During the period of meritorious Li (Yuheng) in 334-338, he was abolished by his uncle Li Shou, and hanged himself at the age of 25.

Emperor Li Shou of Zhao Wen died of illness from 338 to 343 (Hanxing) at the age of 44.

Shi Li lived for five years, from 343 to 347 (Taihe and Jianning).

In 347 AD, it was named as the marquis of Xinxing County. After the Battle of Feishui, Huan Wen, the former eastern Jin Fu, led an army to attack Shili, was defeated and surrendered, and Cheng Han perished. Huan Wen moved Shili and his relatives to Jindun Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) and named Shili Guiyi Hou. 36 1 year, Shi Li died.

After Li Xiong proclaimed himself emperor, he chased his father Te Li as king and became the ancestor of the temple name.

Former Zhao ():

From 304 to 329, the Xiongnu (later Morton Khan) established its capital: Pingyang (Linfen, Shanxi) experienced five emperors.

1, Emperor Liu Yuan died in 304-3 10 (Yuan, Yongfeng, He Rui) at the age of 59.

2. Liu He was assassinated by his brother Liu Cong from 3 10 to 3 10.

3. Liu Cong, Emperor Wu of Zhao, died of illness from 365,438+00 to 365,438+08 (Guangxing, Jiaping, Jianyuan and Lin Jia), with an unknown year.

4. Yin Di Liu Xie was killed by Jin Zhun on 3 18 1 (Hanchang) with unknown age.

5. Zhao Wendi Liu Yao318-32913 (Chu Guang and Taihe) was captured by Schleswig in 329 AD and killed.

Zhao Hou:

3 19-352 Six emperors (Shi was killed by Shi Zun and was in office for 34 days, so it is not counted), born in Jiezu, with its capital in Guo Xiang (Xingtai, Hebei).

1, Ming Di Xerox 3 19 —333 15 (Taihe and Jianping) died at the age of 60.

2. Shi Hongyu was killed by Shi Hu in 1 year (AD 333-334) at the age of 22.

3. Shi Hu, Emperor Wu died from 334 to 349 (Jianwu, Taining, Yongxi and Yanxing) at the age of 54.

4. The Buddha was killed by Shi Jian in 349 on 183 (Taining).

5. Emperor Renwu's stone sword was scrapped by Ran Min in 349 1 1 month-leap in February 350 after 103 days (Taining and Qinglong).

6.350-35 1 year (Yongning), the subordinates of Xinxing Wang Shizhen secretly defected to Ran Min, were assassinated, and then Zhao perished.

-Pingchengzu Ran Min 350 -352 years (Yongxing period) (after Zhao established political power, Ran Min perished).

In 352, Ran Min failed to break through, was captured by Murong Di, the former Yan emperor, and beheaded in Mount Kumgang, and was later posthumously named King Ai of Wu. The epitaph of Ran Min's descendants called Ran Min "Emperor Ping". Some scholars believe that this may be because the Wei Ran regime gave Ran Min posthumous title.

Yan Qian:

In 337-370, san huang was a Xianbei native with its capital in Linzhang, Hebei.

1, Murong Mu, the civilized emperor, died in Yanyuan in 337-348 at the age of 52.

2. Emperor Murong of Jing Zhao died in 349-360, 1 1 year (Yuan Xi, Guang Shou), at the age of 42.

3. You Di Murong Yong 360-370 1 1 year (Jian Xi)

Murong Yong became a courtier of the former Qin Dynasty after the national subjugation, and Qin's control over all ethnic groups in China weakened. In 383, Murong Yong's uncle Mu Rongchui and his younger brother Murong Hong first sent troops to establish political power. Murong Yong planned to kill the former Qin emperor Fu Jian, but he was killed for something. When Murong Yong's uncle Murong De established Southern Yan, he was posthumously made emperor.

Former Qin:

35 1 year-394, Emperor Liu, Di nationality, capital: Chang 'an.

1, Jingming Emperor Fujian 35 1 year-355 (the first emperor) died at the age of 39.

2. Li Wang Fusheng was imprisoned and killed by Fu Jian from 355 to 357 (Shouguang) at the age of 23.

3.357-385 (Yongxing, Ganlu, Jianyuan) 27 years, Zhao Xuan Emperor Fu Jian defeated Chang 'an and was besieged. He fled from Chang 'an to Wujiang Mountain, was captured by Yao Chang and hanged at the age of 48. In order to cover up his killing of Fu Jian, he deliberately chose Fu Jian as the hero king. In the same year of Fu Jian's death, Fu Pi learned of his death and ascended to the throne as emperor. Fu Jian was named Emperor Zhao Xuan, and went to the temple to become a famous sai-jo. Lv Guang, who conquered the Western Regions and returned to Liangzhou, learned of Fu Jian's death and named him Emperor Zhao Wen.

4. Emperor Aiping was afraid that he would be killed by Fubian (Tai 'an), so he led a thousand cavalry to Dongyuan and was defeated and beheaded by Feng Ying, a general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, at the age of 32.

5. In the early years of 386-394, Gao Di was defeated in Shannan and killed by Yao Xing at the age of 52.

6, Dongping Wang Furong 394 years not more than one year (early).

In June 394, Mao Deng was killed, and Mao Chong fled to Huangzhong to succeed to the throne and was relocated to the early stage. 10, Fu Chong was expelled from the Western Qin Dynasty by Wang Qiuzhu of Wuyuan, and went to Ding Yang, the king of Longxi, to unite with Ding Yang against the later Qin Dynasty. Soon defeated by Qin Jun, he was killed with Ding Yang, and the former Qin regime perished.

Liang Qian:

3 17-376 Han nationality, born for the Seventh Emperor (mourning for Zhang Yaoling's reign for less than a month, so it is not counted), and the capital is ancient Tibet.

1, Zhao Wang Zhang Shi, was assassinated by the Ministry in the third year of Jianxing (3 17-320) at the age of 50.

2. King Zhang Mao died in 320-325 (Jianxing). At the age of 48.

3. King Wen Zhang Jun died of illness in 22 years (Jianxing, also known as Taiyuan) from 324 to 346, at the age of 40.

Huan Wang Zhang Zhonghua died at the age of 27 during the nine years from 346 to 353.

5. Zhang Zuo, Wang Wei, was killed by his kin in 353-355 (Heping).

6. Chongwang Zhang Xuanliang was killed by his uncle Tianxi Zhang from 355 to 363 (Jianxing and Shengping) at the age of 14.

7. Mourning Zhang Wangtian Seal 363-376 12 (Shengping) 376 years ago, Liang was destroyed by Fu Jian, and then Fu Jian was defeated. Tianxi Zhang surrendered to the Eastern Jin Dynasty and died in 398 at the age of 62.

Later Qin dynasty:

384-4 17 Qiang nationality, three emperors, with Chang 'an as its capital.

1. Yao Chang, emperor of Wu Zhao, died at the age of 64 from 384 to 394 (Bai que, Jian Chu).

2. Huan Wen Emperor Yao Xing died from 394 to 465438+22 (King Chu and Shihong) at the age of 50.

3. Yao Hong 4 16――4 17 1 (Yonghe) After the Northern Expedition of Emperor Wu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Yao Hong surrendered and the later Qin Dynasty perished. Later, he was beheaded by Emperor Wu of Song in Jiankang.

Postscript:

From 384 to 407, Xianbei people passed through five emperors and the capital was Zhongshan.

1, Mu Rongchui, Wu Chengdi 13 (Yan Yuan, Jianxing) died in the journey from 384 to 396 at the age of 7 1.

2. Murong Bao, Hui Di, was killed by Lan Han in Yongkang in 396-397.

3. Murong Sheng, Emperor Wu of Zhao, was assassinated by rebels in 398-40 1 3 (Jianping and Changle) at the age of 29.

4. Murong Xi, Emperor Zhao Wen, was killed by his clan when he was only 23 years old from 4065438 to 407 (Shi Guang and Jianshi).

5. Murong Yun, emperor of Yi Hui, lived for three years, from 407 to 409 (beginning) (also known as the founding emperor Beiyan).

In the first year of Houyan (407), Feng Ba rebelled and killed Murong Xi. With the support of Feng Ba, Murong Yun (Murong Baoyou's adopted son, formerly known as Gao Yun) became the King of Heaven, renamed Dayan, and restored his original high surname. At the beginning of the third year (409), he was killed by Ren Tao and left the guard. After Gao Yun's death, he was made emperor Yi Hui (the name of the memorial temple in Murong Chao is Jing Zong).

Southern Yan:

398-4 10 Xianbei nationality, with the second emperor as its capital: Guanggu (Shandong Yidu). Murong De, the founding emperor, is the youngest son of Murong Mu, the former emperor of Yan civilization. Zhao Yanjing's former emperor Murong Mu and Yan Di Mu Rongchui were his brothers.

1, Emperor Murong De died at the age of 70 from 398 to 405 (Yanping and Jianping).

In 2.405-4 10, Murong Chao plundered the border people of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which led to the attack of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. After losing the game, he stuck to the city and vowed not to surrender. After breaking the city, he was captured and beheaded with thousands of relatives at the age of 27 (death expert).

Beiyan:

From 409 to 436, the Han nationality, the second emperor, established its capital: Changli.

1, Wen Chengdi Feng Ba died from 409 to 430 (twenty-two years of Taiping).

2. In the sixth year of 430-436 AD (Taixing), after Feng Ba's death, Hong Feng forced Feng Yi, Feng Ba's son, to commit suicide and become king himself. He was in office for six years. In 436 AD, Hongfeng was forced to flee to Koguryo in Enemy at the Gates, Northern Wei Dynasty. Two years later, Beiyan was killed by King Koguryo.

After cooling:

From 386 to 403 A.D., the Di nationality experienced four emperors, and its capital was in ancient Tibet.

1. Lu Guang, Emperor Yi, died at the age of 63 from 386 to 399 (Tai 'an, Lins and Longfei).

2.399-399, Lu Shao, the hidden king, was killed by Lu Chuan.

3. Lingdi Lv Zuan was killed by his cousin Lu Long on February 401year (Xianning) in 65438+399.

4. Lulong 40 1 year-4032 (Shending) In 403 AD, Lulong was forced to surrender at the end of the Qin Dynasty under the attack of Nanliang and Beiliang, and later Liang perished. Yao Xing, the emperor of the late Qin Dynasty, appointed Lv Long as the official of Sanshi, and the duke remained unchanged. In 4 16 AD, Lu Long was executed for conspiring with his son Lu Bi.

Nanliang:

397-4 14 Xianbei nationality, with Ledu as its capital.

1, Wu Wang died bald and lonely in 397-399 (early).

2. Kang Wang bald deer orphan died in 399-402 (He Jian).

In 3.402-4 14, 13 (Hongchang and Jiaping) and 4 14, Sandalwood surrendered to the Western Qin Dynasty and Nanliang perished. The next year, he was poisoned by Chi Pan, the king of posthumous title.

Xiliang:

400-42 1 year, Han nationality, san huang, with Jiuquan (Dunhuang) as its capital.

1, Li Yong, emperor of Sheng Xing, died in 400-4 17 (Gengzi, the early establishment) at the age of 67.

2. Li Xin 4 17-420 (Jiaxing) In 420 AD (the fourth year of Jiaxing), Li Xin was killed by Meng Xun, the main canal of Beiliang.

3. Li Yao 420-42 1 1 (Yongjian) In the second year of Yongchuan (42 1), North Liang Jun diverted water to Dunhuang, and Li Yao failed to beg for surrender, and his men surrendered. At this time, the Beiliang Army attacked and conquered Dunhuang, and Li Yao committed suicide.

Western Qin:

From 385 to 400, from 409 to 43 1 year (destroyed by the late Qin Dynasty in 400 and restored to the motherland in 409), Xianbei people lived in Sidi, with Jincheng (Gaolan) as their capital.

1, Xuanlie Wang Qifu Guoren died in 385-388 (Jianyi).

2. Yuan was killed by his brother, his father and his husband in 388 -400 and 409-465438+24 (the second year of Tai Chu).

3. King Qifu 4 12-428 16 (Yongkang He) died.

4. In the last 428 years-4,365,438+0 years (Yonghong)-4,365,438+0 years, Li captured Nan 'an, the capital of the Western Qin Dynasty, and begged for the demise of the Western Qin Dynasty in the last 428 years. In June of the same year, Begging Help was killed by Emperor He of the Great Summer.

Summer (fox summer):

407-43 1 Xiongnu, the third emperor, whose capital is Wantong (now Nanbaichengzi, Wushen Banner, Inner Mongolia).

1, samurai emperor Helian Bobo, died at the age of 44 from 407 to 425 (Longsheng, Fengxiang, Changwu and Zhenxing).

2.425-428 (Chengguang). In 423, He Lianchang was captured alive by the Northern Wei Dynasty and later killed.

3. Pingyuan Gonghe 428-43 1 and four years (Shengguang) were captured by Tuguhun on the way to attack Beiliang. In the second year, He Ba was sent to the Northern Wei Dynasty for execution.

Beiliang:

From 397 to 439, the Xiongnu was ruled by three emperors, and its capital was Zhangye.

1, Wang Liang Duanye was killed by Meng Xun of Juqu in 397-40 1 and 4 years (Shen Yin and Tian Yin).

2. Wu Juqu Meng Xun died from 40/kloc-0 to 433 (Yong 'an, Zhenxing, Chengxuan, Yihe and Chengyang) at the age of 66.

From 3.433 to 439, the mourning king lived in Qumuyu (He Cheng, Taiyuan and Jianping in 439), and the Northern Wei Dynasty attacked the ancient Tibet, where Qumuyu came out and the Northern Liang died. In 447, someone secretly accused the shepherd of rebellion, and he was executed by Emperor Mao.

Southern and Northern Dynasties

The Southern and Northern Dynasties (AD 420-AD 589) was a period of great division in China's history, connecting the sixteen countries of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Wuhu, and then the Sui Dynasty, starting with the establishment of Liu and Song Dynasties in the Eastern Jin Dynasty in AD 420 and ending with the demise of the Sui Dynasty in AD 589.

In the early Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was clan politics. Social strata are divided into clans, Qi Min households, dependent households (Yin Bao households) and handmaiden, and foreign exchanges and trade are also very prosperous, reaching Japan and the Korean Peninsula in the east, the western regions, Central Asia and West Asia in the west, and Southeast Asia and South Asia in the south.

At this time, there is also a trend of great ethnic integration, such as the reform of Emperor Xiaowen in the Northern Wei Dynasty, which greatly promoted the sinicization of the northern nomadic people into the Han nationality.

Southern Dynasties

The beginning and end of the Southern Dynasties: There were four dynasties: Song, Qi, Liang and Chen from 420 to 589. Capital: Health (Nanjing)

Song:

420-479. Sixty years, eight emperors.

1, Liu Yu died in 420-422 (the third year of Yong) at the age of 60.

2. The young emperor Liu Yifu was abolished and killed by Xian Xianzhi and other officials in 423-424 AD (Jingping) at the age of 19.

3. From 424 to 453 (the 30th year of Yuanjia), Liu Wendi Yi Long was killed by Liu Shao and Xiao Bin, the general of the Eastern Palace, at the age of 47.

4. Liu Jun, Emperor Xiaowu, died at the age of 35 from 453 to 464. He died in 1 1 year (Xiao Jian and Daming).

5. From 464 to 465, Liu (Yong Guang, Jinghe) was sexually violent and was killed by his uncle, King Xiang Dong, at the age of 17.

6. Ming Di Liu Mi died from 465 to 472 (Yu Tai Taishi) at the age of 34.

7. After Liu Yu (Hui Yuan) abolished the emperor from 473 to 477, he was fierce and cruel. At the age of fifteen, he was killed by Yang Yufu and others. After his death, he was abolished as the King of Cangwu, known as the Song Emperor and the King of Cangwu in history.

8.477-479, the third year of Shun Di Liu Shu's reign. In 479, Xiao Daocheng asked Liu Zhun to meditate and sent Wang Jingze to the palace. Liu Huai said: "I would like to live forever and never have any relatives." One sentence expressed my sorrow as the last emperor. On April 16 of the same year, Liu Zhun's Zen position and the regimes of Xiao Daocheng and Liu Song perished here. On May 6th, Liu Zhun was killed by Xiao Daocheng at the age of 13, and all ethnic groups in Liu Song died in prison.

Qi:

479-50 1 year, a total of 23 years, seven emperors.

1, Gaudi Xiao Daocheng died in 479-482 (Jianyuan) at the age of 55.

2. Emperor Wu died in 1 1 year (Yongming 482-493) at the age of 54.

3. In 493-494, Xiao Bei (Longchang), who was deposed, was killed at the age of 2 1.

4. From July 494 to 10, the deposed Xiao was also killed at the age of 15.

5. Xiao Luan, a native of Ming Di, died from 494 to 498 (Jianwu and Yongtai) at the age of 46.

6. Donghuan Hou Baojuan was killed by a recent minister in 498-50 1 year and 13 (forever), at the age of 19.

7. He Baorong 501-5021(Zhongxing) In May 502, Xiao Baorong was forced to meditate with him, and the Southern Dynasties ended. Soon, Xiao Yan sent someone to kill 15-year-old Xiao Baorong.

Liang:

502-557, a total of 56 years, six emperors.

1, Xiao Yan 502-549 48 years (Tian Jian, Ordinary, Datong, Middle Datong, Datong, Taiqing)

In the later period of his reign, the "Hou Jing Rebellion" broke out and the capital fell. Hou Jing imprisoned him and starved to death in Taicheng at the age of 86.

2. Jian Wendi Xiaogang was killed by Hou Jing in 549-55 1 2 (Dabao) at the age of 48.

3. yu zhang Wang Xiaodong was founded by Hou Jing in 55 1 year (Tianzheng), and was also abolished by Hou Jing and imprisoned in. Emperor Yuan of Liang killed Jianye after recovering Jianye.

4, filial piety 552-554 years (Chengsheng, Tianzheng) 554 years, 165438+ October, the Western Wei captured Jiangling, captured and killed, at the end of 47.