During the formation of Battle of Red Cliffs in the Three Kingdoms, in the 13th year of Jian 'an of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, the allied forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao's army in Chibi of the Yangtze River (now northwest of Liyin, Hubei Province, northeast of Jiayu), laying a famous decisive battle for the Three Kingdoms.

After Cao Cao basically unified the north, he trained sailors in Xuanwu Pool and took measures against the Guanzhong area where unrest might occur. Then, in July of the 13th year of Jian 'an, in order to unify the north and south, he sent more than 100,000 troops to conquer Jingzhou (now Hubei and Hunan). At that time, Sun Quan had conquered Xiakou (now Wuhan) from Jiangdong, opened the gateway of Jingzhou to the west, annexed Jing and Yizhou (governing Chengdu) and developed northward; Liu Bei, who was attached to Liu Biao in Jingzhou, took Zhuge Liang as his counselor and made a strategy of taking advantage of Jing and Yi, uniting with Sun Quan and marching into the Central Plains, and practiced the water army in Fancheng.

Sun Quan saw that Liu Bei was defeated, but he was awed by the power of 800 thousand and hesitated about Liu. Zhuge Liang, Lu Su, Zhou Yu and others brilliantly analyzed the situation, pointing out that there were only more than 200,000 yuan, and there were weaknesses such as restless rear, long luck, acclimatization, and short water war time, which strengthened Sun Quan's determination to resist Cao. Sun Quan ignored the Lord's opposition and sent Zhang Zhao and others to appoint Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu as the left and right governors. Lu Su was praised as the commander of the army, led 30,000 elite sailors, and joined forces with Liu Bei for about 50,000 soldiers, and went up the river and entered Xiakou.

After Cao Cao captured Jiangling, he took Wen Pin, the general of Liu Biao, as the satrap of Jiangxia, and still unified his own army to guard Hanchuan (now Jianghan Plain). Liu Zhang, a priest in Yizhou, also sent troops to supplement Cao Cao's army and began to pay tribute to the court. Cao Cao is proud and underestimates his enemy. He didn't listen to Jia Xu, the counselor, and sent a letter to intimidate Sun Quan, claiming to fight Wu. In winter, the pro-unification army goes hand in hand along the Yangtze River.

Sun and Liu joined forces behind the gorge, and then they went back to the river to meet Cao Jun and meet at Chibi. Cao Jun last stand, who lost his prestige, was readmitted and returned to Jingzhou. His fighting capacity was poor and all diseases prevailed, so that he lost the first battle. He hurriedly retreated to the north shore, stationed in Wulin (now Honghu, Hubei) and confronted the allies across the river.

Cao Cao ordered the warships to be connected, which reduced the turbulence and facilitated the boarding of northern soldiers. They want to step up their training and attack by standing by. In view of the long-term disadvantage of being outnumbered, Zhou Yu is determined to find a chance to make a quick decision. According to the weakness of Cao Jun's "serial ship", Huang Gai suggested fire attack, which was well received. Huang Gai immediately sent someone to send Cao Cao a fake surrender letter, and then set off with dozens of ships. The front 10 boat is full of dry firewood soaked in oil, covered with cloth, planted with the flag agreed with Cao Cao, tied with a canoe and headed for Wulin along the southeast wind. When approaching the other side, Cao Jun, who let his guard down, rushed over and watched Huang Gai come down. At this point, Huang Gai ordered the firewood to be lit, and each boat was changed to retreat. Fireboat broke into Cao Jun's fleet in the wind, and suddenly it was ablaze, and the fire quickly spread to the shore camp. The allied forces took advantage of the situation to attack, and Cao Jun suffered heavy casualties. Knowing that the defeat was irreversible, Cao Cao ordered the burning of the remaining ships and led the army to retreat.

Battle of Red Cliffs and Cao Cao were conceited, underestimating their enemies, making mistakes in command, and the water army was not strong, which eventually led to defeat. Sun Quan and Liu Bei calmly analyzed the situation in the face of strong enemies, formed an alliance to resist the Japanese war, enhanced the strength of water warfare, and skillfully attacked with fire, thus creating a famous war example in China's military history. (Ren) According to

Battle of feishui

Hu Bin, the general sent by Xie An, led the water army along the Huaihe River to Shouyang. On the way, I learned that Shouyang had been breached by former Qin striker Fu Rong. Hu Bin had to retreat to Shi Xia (now southwest of Fengtai, Anhui Province) and set up camp to wait for the army of Xie Shi and Xie Xuan to meet him.

After Fu Rong occupied Shouyang, he sent a 50,000-strong army headed by Liang Cheng (in present-day Huainan East, Anhui Province) to attack Luo Jian, cutting off the rear road of Hu Bin Water Army. 8 jin j besieged, rations less and less every day. The situation is very critical.

Hu Bin urgently sent soldiers to secretly send a letter to Xie Shi, which said: "Now the enemy is coming very hard, and our army has run out of food, so I'm afraid we can't meet the enemy."

The messenger Jin was caught by the cockroach when he stole the city. This urgent letter fell into Fu Rong's hands, and Fu Rong immediately sent a fast horse to Xiangcheng to tell Fu Jian.

After getting the good news from the Qin Jun striker, Fu Jian became more proud. He left his army in Xiangcheng and personally led 8,000 cavalry to Shouyang, hoping to swallow the 8 Jin Army in one breath.

When he arrived in Shouyang, he discussed with Fu Rong that the 8 Jin Army was vulnerable, so he sent messengers to the 8 Jin Army Camp to surrender.

The emissary was none other than Zhu Xu, who visited Qin Jun to be loyal to the opposition in Xiangyang a few years ago and was later captured.

After Zhu Xu was captured, although he was accepted by Fu Jian and became an official in the State of Qin, his heart was still towards the Jin Dynasty. He went to Jin Daying to meet Xie Xuan. He is as happy as his relatives. Instead of surrendering as Fu Jian said, he told Xie Shi about Qin Jun. He said, "This time, Fu Jian launched a million-strong army to attack the State of Jin. If all the troops are concentrated, I'm afraid Jin can't resist. Now, before their troops arrive, you have to attack quickly, defeat their strikers and dampen their morale, and you can defeat Qin Jun. "

After Zhu Xu left, Xie Shisi thought twice and thought that Qin Jun in Shouyang was strong and had no chance of winning, so he had better stick to it. Xie Yan, the son of Xie An, advised Xie Shi to listen to Zhu Xu and send troops as soon as possible.

After some discussion, Xie Shi and Xie Xuan sent a famous soldier from the northern government, Liu Laozhi, to lead 5,000 soldiers to raid Qin Jun, Luo Jian. This northern government soldier really deserves his reputation. Like a tiger with wings, they are brave and extraordinary. Qin Jun, who was stationed in Luo Jian, was no match for the soldiers of the northern government. He resisted for a while and was defeated. Liang Cheng was killed by the Jin army. The pool rushed across the Huaihe River to escape, and most of them fell into the water and drowned.

Luo Jian's victory greatly boosted the morale of 8 jin j.. Xie Shi and Xie Xuan ordered Liu Laozhi to continue to rescue Shi Xia, and at the same time personally commanded the army to move forward until the east bank of Feishui (now South He Fei, Shouxian County, Anhui Province) stationed troops on the side of Bagong Mountain and confronted Qin Jun stationed in Shouyang across the bank.

Fu Jian sent Zhu Xu to surrender, triumphant, waiting for 8 jin j to surrender. Suddenly he heard the fall of Luo Jian, and he was a little impatient, just like getting a sap on his head. He wants Fu Rong to accompany him to Shouyang Tower to see the situation there.

Looking at the tower from afar, Fu Jian saw that the Jin army camps on the other side were neatly arranged, and the Jin army patrolled with swords and guns, and the lineup was neat and terrible. Looking further away, I don't know how many nomads are on the opposite Bagong Mountain. In fact, there is no nomads from Bagong Mountain, but Fu Jian is guilty and dazzled, and takes everything on Bagong Mountain as nomads from the mountain (classical Chinese means "everything is a soldier").

Fu Jian is a little scared. He turned to Fu Rong and said, "This is indeed a powerful enemy! How can you say they are weak? "

After that, Fu Jian ordered Chi to defend tightly. Xie Shi and Xie Xuan were very worried when the Jin army failed to cross the Fei water. If we delay, I'm afraid all the Qin Jun teams will arrive here, which will be bad for 8 jin j..

Xie Xuan sent a letter to Fu Jian, saying, "You led a great army into the position of the State of Jin, but now you are standing by the water. You want to fight? If we can retreat our position a little and make room for our army to cross the water, both sides will win or lose on the battlefield. This is courage! "

Fu Jian thought, if we are not allowed to retreat, wouldn't we admit that we are afraid of gold? He immediately called Qin Jun's generals and said, "They want us to give up a position, so let us retreat. When they cross the river, we will send cavalry to rush up and stop them. "

Xie Shi and Xie Xuan got the reply that Fu Jian promised to retreat, quickly adjusted their troops and prepared to cross the river to attack.

It was time to cross the river. When Fu Jian gave the order, Fu Rong ordered Qin Jun to retreat. They tried to withdraw from their positions, but they came back to attack. I didn't expect many red soldiers, partly because they hated the war and partly because they were afraid of the Jin army. When they heard the order to retreat, they ran away and never wanted to stop.

Xie Xuan led more than 8,000 cavalry, quickly crossed the water and stormed Qin Jun.

At this time, Zhu Xu shouted after the battle: "Chi was defeated! Qin Bing was defeated! " The soldiers at the back didn't know the situation in front, only saw Qin Jun running back in front, turned around and shouted and ran away.

Fu Rong waved his sword in disgust, trying to suppress his state, but Indiana Jones came back like a flood, and there was no way to suppress it. A group of mutinous soldiers rushed in and knocked down the melted war horse.

Fu Rong struggled, nomads from behind to catch up, a knife will he cut down. When the king dies, he runs around like a frightened horse without reins.

After the battle, Fu Jian saw that the situation was not good, so he had to ride a horse to escape. Unexpectedly, a tributary arrow flew in and hit him on the shoulder. Fu Jian, regardless of the pain, continued to rush his horse until he fled to Huaibei.

Jin, Qin Jun tried to escape. Soldiers who were crushed and trampled to death abound. Those soldiers who escaped heard the wind and the sound of cranes in the air along the way (in classical Chinese, "trembling" and Li, the sound of cranes), and were also regarded as the cry and killing sound of pursuers in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and they were too scared to stop.

Xie Shi and Xie Xuan recovered Shouyang and sent flying horses to Jiankang to report.

On this day, Xie An is playing chess with a guest at home. After reading the good news from Xie Shi, he quietly put it on the bed and played chess as usual.

Knowing that the war report was sent from the front, the guest couldn't help asking Xie An, "What's the situation?"

Xie An said slowly, "The child finally defeated the Qin people."

Hearing this, the guest was so happy that he didn't want to play chess again. He wanted to tell others the good news quickly and then left.

Xie An sent the guests away and returned to the inner city. His excitement could no longer be contained. When he crossed the threshold, he tripped and broke the clogs' teeth.

After this war, the powerful former Qin lost its vitality. Fu Jian fled to Luoyang and cleaned up the beaten army, leaving only a few thousand people. However, Mu Rongchui's troops did not suffer any losses. Not surprisingly, Mu Rongchui of Xianbei nationality and Yao Chang of Qiang nationality finally betrayed the former Qin Dynasty and established new countries-Houyan and Houqin respectively, while Fu Jian himself was killed by Yao Chang.

Encircling Wei to save Zhao (Battle of Guiling)

In 354 BC, the powerful state of Wei attacked Zhao, and Pang Juan, the general of Wei, commanded the army to surround the capital of Zhao. The next year, Zhao asked Qi for help. Qi appointed Tian Ji as the general and Sun Bin as the strategist, and led 80,000 troops to come to the rescue.

Tian Ji had intended to directly lead the army to attack Wei Jun of Zhao. Sun Bin thought that the elite soldiers of Wei were attacking Zhao, and the country was empty. He advocated adopting flexible tactics, avoiding reality and avoiding emptiness, and marching straight into the girder of Wei's capital (now Kaifeng, Henan). As a result, Enemy at the Gates was under great pressure. Tian Ji adopted Sun Bin's strategy and led an army to attack Wei.

Pang Juan was very worried when he learned the news. He lost his food and came home from Zhao on a starry night. Sun Bin laid an ambush in Gualing (now northwest of Henan placanticline), the only place where Wei Jun returned home. When Pang misused Wei Jun, who was exhausted from leading a long journey, the Qi army suddenly attacked and defeated Wei Jun.

Three major battles in the War of Liberation

From September 1948 to June 1949, the strategic decisive battle between the China People's Liberation Army and the Kuomintang army included three major battles: Liaoshen, Huaihai and Ping Jin. These three campaigns lasted 142 days, * * * fought for the uprising, surrendered, accepted peaceful reorganization, and annihilated the regular Kuomintang army 1438.