During the Warring States Period, Sun Bin's The Art of War is a masterpiece of ancestors, and the ancient arrays before the Spring and Autumn Period are summarized into ten arrays. These "ten arrays" are square array, circular array, sparse array, several arrays, cone array, goose array, hook array, mysterious array, water array, fire array and so on. Water array and fire array are about the tactics of water and fire warfare, not just array methods, so Sun Bin Ten Array actually has only eight basic arrays. . .
Phalanx: Policy is the most basic formation for military operations in the era of cold weapons. The large phalanx is all composed of small phalanxes, which is called "the phalanx in the containment matrix". Sun Bin believes that a phalanx should be "thin in the middle and thick in the square", that is, there are fewer troops in the center of the phalanx and more troops around it. There are few troops in the middle, so you can bluff. There are many troops around, which can better defend against enemy attacks. Square array is a relatively balanced formation of attack and defense. Commanders and other golden drums are generally deployed behind the phalanx.
Circular array: Circular array is for circular defense. The golden drum flag is deployed in the center and there is no obvious weakness.
Sparse array: Sparse array is an evacuated battle formation, and both square and circular arrays can be sparse. Sparse the array to increase the distance between ranks, various flags, weapons, grass men, more handles at night, and fewer soldiers are stronger.
Number array: Number array is a dense battle formation, which is mainly defensive and offensive.
Conical array: it is a combat formation, and the striker is like a cone. The conical array must be sharp and fast, and the wings must be strong. It can attack the enemy on a narrow front through elite forwards, break through and split the enemy's formation, and expand the results with two wings. It is a formation that emphasizes offensive breakthrough. Cone array is also called bull array.
Yan zhen: The so-called yan zhen is a horizontal battle formation, and the left and right wings are arranged forward or backward in a ladder shape. The front is a "V" shape, just like the two arms of an ape extending forward, which is used to outflank the circuitous formation, but the defense at the back is weak. The backward layout is inverted "V" to protect the safety of the two wings and the rear and prevent the enemy from detouring. If the two wings are cavalry with strong mobility, they can be protected and supported by the central infantry at rest, and can also play the role of attacking cavalry and increase suddenness. Alexander's battle in India was similar to this formation.
Hook-shaped array, the front of the hook-shaped array is a square array, and the two wings are bent back into a hook shape to protect the safety of the flank and prevent the enemy from attacking the golden drum at the rear.
Xuanxiang Array: This is a false array that confuses the enemy. The distance between the queues is very large, and most of the flags and drums are constantly beating. It simulates the sound and footsteps of soldiers marching. It seems that the troops are huge and deceive the enemy in various ways.
During the Three Kingdoms period, after Zhuge Liang came to Shu to pacify Nan Man, the main target of the Shu army was the combined forces of Cao Wei's infantry and cavalry, and the combat area was mainly mountainous, while Shu lacked horses, so Zhuge Liang practiced the "Eight Arrays".
Eight arrays actually existed as early as the Three Kingdoms period. Sun Zi has eight arrays, and Sun Bin also has eight arrays. Sun Bin's Art of War has eight arrays, which was widely used in combat training in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang started from the infantry in the middle of Shu, innovated the real array method on the basis of the original ancient eight-array map, drew the array map, and finally formed the "eight-array map" to train the Shu army.
The so-called array diagram is to draw the array method into a figure, draw it on brocade, paper, ground or pile it up with sand to form an intuitive object. This is an array diagram. The written records of Zhuge Liang's array law have not been handed down, and the eight-array map has been lost in the Tang Dynasty. However, it is said that Zhuge Liang once built an array with stones. It is said that the remains of the 8864 piles of stones on the Yudu River are the eight arrays left by Zhuge Liang. Combined with a few words of Zhuge Liang's eight-array diagram, a reasonable simulation is made. Modern military strategists believe that the eight-array diagram is a group square, and each eight-array diagram has eight small arrays distributed in eight directions around the central array. In the center of the eight-array diagram, there are generals, golden drums and horses directly under them. This is the middle array diagram. Each small array has the code names of heaven, earth, wind, cloud, dragon, tiger, bird and snake. This is the saying that "the number of arrays is nine" in Li Tang's title, so in the Song Dynasty, the eight-array map was also called the nine-army array.
The arrays in each direction are grouped into six small arrays, and the middle array is grouped into sixteen small arrays. There are sixty-four small arrays in the whole square, just in line with the number of eight, eight and sixty-four piles of stones at the Jiangleishi site in the fish belly. After the big square, there may be a small array of 24 rangers, a total of 88 small arrays. Are these small squares ok? Cavalry, infantry and motorcade are composed of dozens to hundreds of people, with crossbowmen in the front row, long weapons in the middle and short weapons in the back row (sometimes in different order). In order to delay the enemy's attack and give full play to the power of crossbowmen, the Shu army also set up obstacles such as running cars, antlers and thistles in its defense.
Zhuge Eight Arrays belong to the defensive formation. The advantage is that there is no weakness in deployment. When attacked in any direction, there is no need to fundamentally change the entire large array. If a place is attacked, an adjacent array with two wings can automatically become two wings to protect and support the attacked array. However, the shortcomings are also obvious. First of all, such a complex Zhuge eight-array diagram needs a lot of time to train and has poor maneuverability. In order to maintain the integrity of the formation, it is not allowed to run when advancing, and it is not allowed to run violently when retreating. This is "the past is the future" in the Li Tang question. In the future, there is no previous speed and no retreat. "Therefore, these eight arrays are very conservative defensive formations. Without a big defeat, it is equally difficult to win a big victory. Zhuge Liang went out of Qishan six times, and Jiang Wei also attacked Wei many times, without great defeat or great victory. It can't be said that it has nothing to do with the Shu army's eight-array war.
But personally, I think that the above is only the foundation or embryonic form of Zhuge's Eight Arrays, because it seems impossible to rely on such a rigid formation to compete with Cao Wei, whose strength is weaker than Shu for decades, without being defeated, which is out of proportion to Zhuge's position praised by people for eight thousand years. Moreover, the combat area belongs to the mountain environment, and the Eighth Array is more suitable for infantry to fight in the plain. . . So personally, I think there should be many changes in Zhuge Eight Arrays. When the position is limited by ditches, ridges and trees, it should be adjusted according to the actual situation. Moreover, there should be various changes when marching and attacking, but due to the limitation of information, it is quite difficult to study Zhuge Liang's eight-array map in depth. . . Moreover, I personally think that the so-called Zhuge Eight Arrays is not only a combat formation, but also permeates the combat guiding ideology, preparation and training of the Shu army through the training of the Eight Arrays. . .
On the basis of Zhuge's Eight Arrays, Li Jing of the Tang Dynasty compiled and practiced Six Arrays of Flowers. . . The so-called six-flower array is a formation similar to "six flowers". Zhongjun is in the middle, and the former army, Zuo Jun, the latter army, the right army and the right army are distributed around Zhongjun. According to Li's question, the six-flower array includes circular array, square array, curved array, vertical array and pointed array. There are five changes in each of these five formations, totaling 25 changes, which can be used by generals according to different enemy situations, terrain and offensive and defensive needs. This is also one of the reasons why I think Zhuge Liang's "Eight Arrays" will have various changes. . .
Due to the threat of nomadic people in the north, the Song Dynasty lacked enough cavalry in quantity and quality to counter the nomadic cavalry with infantry as the main force on the plain. So Song Dynasty is the most important dynasty. . . In the Song Dynasty, it was "conquering from it". Every time a general goes out to war, the emperor must "make clear the formation, regulate the temple to win, teach discipline, make remote control cheap, the commander obeys, and your minister supervises." . . In order to better control the generals who fight with troops, they are often given the general's battle plan before sending troops, and the specific tactics of the front line are stipulated in the palace. Therefore, after the reunification of the Northern Song Dynasty, most wars against northern minorities ended in failure. . . Since the Song Dynasty, the development of formation tends to be conservative. According to the general introduction of martial arts classics, Song Jun's common array methods mainly include the regular array, the all-round array of Pingrong, and the eight arrays of Dynasty. . .
Positive array: In the Northern Song Dynasty, troops were often divided into forwards, defenders and other parts, and the formation formed by each part was called "positive array". In other words, in the Northern Song Dynasty, the troops were often divided into various parts to form a "positive array" according to tactical purposes, and then combined operations. Including the following formations: vanguard array, strategic vanguard array, large array, front array, east-west abduction array, landless horse division array, rejected rear array, strategic rear array and so on.
Forward array is a combat formation composed of forward troops. Forward troops are similar to modern avant-garde troops. The task of the vanguard is to "resist the impact, sink into the solid array, and attack the sharp division", so the Northern Song Dynasty, like all previous dynasties, "chose the elite soldiers and set up the vanguard array".
Forward array is a combat formation composed of troops cooperating with forward, which is "placed behind forward array". This array is unified by "a rider". When the vanguard resists the enemy or the troops are weak, it should rely on the vanguard to control the enemy's "advance"
Large array, also known as China Army Array, is a battle formation composed of main horses and infantry. Generally grow arrays (columns) or squares. In the formation, "soldiers use spears as weapons, horses use cloth as arrays, or cars as arrays, which is called' soldier formation'". Behind it is John bow and crossbow. At the same time, "four doors open at one time, cavalry is in it, waiting for the battle, that is, open the door and put the team." In short, the main force is arranged in four directions in the form of "car camp" to prevent the enemy from "flying" when you need to fight, and open the door on all sides to let the "team" fight.
Frontline: This is an assault force deployed "before the large array of China's army". The "General Outline of the Art of War" says, "When the enemy is in the front line, if we can win it by surprise, and we can cooperate with each other, we will always win." . . Wu Yao also quoted the method of holding strange pictures after the wind and the deployment of Liao army, and thought that the number of strange soldiers should account for about 1/3 of the large-scale soldiers.
East-West Kidnapper Array:? This is an arrangement that directly protects the large array, "for the left and right wings of the large array." The reason why this array was set up was because "Yi Di used soldiers, and each bow rode fiercely, attacking the large array to prevent it from rushing, because he set up a kidnapper array and thought it was salvation". The number of troops in this array is also the result of the large number of soldiers, which is temporarily selected.
Divide the horse and have no land: This is a mobile unit controlled by a large number of China troops. It is arranged around the "general barracks array" and is "used his quick wits". Its soldiers are commanded by various units (battalion units? ) from the team. The number of mobile troops is "temporarily divided, there is no fixed number".
After refusing:? Also known as "the rear of the temple", it is a battle formation composed of guard troops, which is arranged behind the large array of China troops to prevent the enemy from attacking from behind. Song people think that under the situation of "military array system", it is necessary to reject the rear array in order to prevent "the grain route from being cut off". According to the General Outline of Military Classics, several failures in the battle with Liao were all related to the fact that "grain and grass" were cut off by the enemy. Therefore, from the beginning of the true Sect, we should pay attention to "behind the military palace" in order to "use it urgently and avoid being attacked between Scylla and Charybdis."
Behind the throne "array:? It is a battle formation composed of coordinated troops behind the house. It is set between the back array and the main force.
Peace and tolerance:? It was made by Song Taizong Zhao Guangyi himself and awarded to the general, so it was highly valued. Pingrong Wanquan array consists of five armies: front, back, left, middle and right. It is a square square in 17 (personally, this square can expand the depth to reduce the space for enemy cavalry to maneuver). The main infantry is deployed in the center of the array, and the chariots are strengthened to form three car battalions to enhance the defense and attack capabilities of the infantry. Cavalry are deployed in front, back, left and right sides as the central array of early warning and cover. . . This is a conservative defensive formation, which achieves the goal that Song Jun, with infantry as the main force, can fight against the northern nomadic cavalry in the plain.
The Chinese Army's large array is composed of three phalanxes, which is the main force of the whole array. . . The circumference of each square is 20 Li (equivalent to 360 steps ×20=7200 steps). Every five steps is a "land division", each "land division" is led by a cart, defended by 22 infantry, and there are 5000 people living in a square without land (that is, the mobile reserve), and each square shares 36680 infantry. Three phalanxes110,400 people, plus 240 people (that is, observers and Wang Chen sentries), make a total of1/kloc-0,280 infantry. . .
There are two rows of cavalry in front and back (that is, before and after). . . 62 cavalry teams, each with 50 riders, totaling 3 100 cavalry. There are sixty-two teams, each with thirty cavalry, totaling 1,860 cavalry. Two columns of 4960 cavalry, plus 40 scouts (reconnaissance), a total of 5000 cavalry. There are ten thousand cavalry before and after. . .
Things are slightly arranged in an array (that is, the left and right wings), each with two columns. The first 125 teams, each with 50 cavalry, total 6,250 cavalry; Then there were 125 teams, each with 30 cavalry, totaling 3,750 cavalry. There are 10,000 cavalry and 650 cavalry spies in each array, totaling 20,650 cavalry. . .
The forces used by Pingrong Wanquan Array are 140903 (main infantry10280, front, rear, left and right cavalry 3650), and there are 1440 carts used for car camp defense. In this array, the front of the large army array is about 17 miles wide (the front and depth of each array are five miles, and the squares are separated by one mile); There are 65 steps in the front and back teams, and there are 11 Li 070 steps in the front (65 steps ×62=4030 steps, equivalent to 1 1 Li 70 steps); Left and right arrays, each team covers an area of 50 steps, with a total of about 130 steps ahead (50 steps × 125 = 6250 steps, equivalent to 17+030 steps). . .
Eight arrays of this dynasty: According to the General Outline of Martial Arts &; S226 According to the Eight Arrays in the Northern Song Dynasty, the so-called Eight Arrays in the Northern Song Dynasty refer to eight arrays, such as square array, round array, Zhen Niu, Zhen Niu, punching square array, zigzag array, wheel array and goose array. . .
The forces and formations used in the eighth array refer to the Li Jing array method. . . In other words, each array is a horse array composed of a total of 14000 people. Among them, the infantry is organized into 200 teams, each with 50 people, accounting for 1 10,000 people; Ma Jun 80 teams, each with 50 people, a total of 4000 people. Each formation is divided into seven armies: Zhong Jun, Zuoyou, Zuoyou and Qianhou, such as the Tang Dynasty. In every burst, "one out of every ten people is facing each other and inheriting each other." "One pawn takes two steps, and one horse is two steps wide". "The Eight Arrays of this Dynasty" is accompanied by arrays except the circular array (because it has the same shape as the wheel array). The names of soldiers in each array are inherited from the Tang Dynasty. . . The "garrison troops" in the picture are the "garrison troops" in the Northern Song Dynasty (the so-called garrison troops mean that these troops are used to occupy enough areas at the beginning of the formation to prevent the enemy from rushing to protect themselves, but after the formation is completed, they exist to maintain the shape of the formation and are often composed of archers. We often listen to storytelling or read old novels, and archers often shoot positions, which is why. The "front team", "team", "jump" and "surprise soldiers" in the picture are civil war soldiers and landless soldiers in the Northern Song Dynasty. . . The names of the seven armies in the picture also follow the military vocabulary of the Tang Dynasty, such as: pioneers and militarists of the Northern Song Dynasty, You Houyu and You Jun; The former army and the latter army, that is, the generals of left rib and right rib in the Northern Song Dynasty; Left, man, that is, the commander of the home front and the home front in the Northern Song Dynasty.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, the name of the current eight-array diagram was called eight-array diagram, but because the circular array and the wheel array were the same array diagram with different names, there were actually only seven arrays. Looking at the descriptions of these eight-burst names, seven-burst diagrams and martial arts, we can see that the names of eight-burst arrays are not much different from those of the previous generation, but they are essentially different from those of the previous generation in the arrangement methods of various formations. The ancient Eight Arrays are all changes in the arrangement of the army's main forces, while the so-called "Eight Arrays of the Dynasty" in the Song Dynasty, except for the circular array and the wheel array, always arranged the main forces in a phalanx to defend the surrounding area, only with a small amount of troops, made some symbolic changes around the main phalanx to symbolize the ancient meaning, which is completely different from the ancient Eight Arrays. It can be said that the eight-array diagram of this dynasty can be said to be a distorted square. . .
Although there were defensive formations in the previous Eight Arrays, the main one was the offensive formation, and the "Eight Arrays of the Dynasty" in the Song Dynasty essentially became a new four-sided defensive formation. In other words, the main forces of each array are still not divorced from the pure defense mode, and none of them has inherited the offensive spirit of the previous generation of troops. The emergence of this situation cannot but be said to be related to the conservative military thought of adopting simple defense in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Of course, this is also related to the threats faced at that time. Because the Song Dynasty was different from the previous generation, it lacked cavalry and faced the nomadic knights in the north with strong mobility, so the rear direction of the wings and flanks was always threatened. Four-square array, circular array and other formations facing all directions of defense are indeed defensive cavalry outflanking, while the ancient eight-square array is mainly set to be goose-shaped and conical, which is an offensive formation facing a certain direction, and the defense of the flank is greatly weakened (in fact, I personally think that the ancient eight-square array is a combined array, which arranges all parts into an ancient eight-square array and then forms a larger array. . . Among them, there should be ways to change between various arrays, but it is impossible to test them today, and these things are the essence of China ancient array. Just form, not god, is to study the arrangement and shape of various formations. . . It's just the skin of our ancient array. . . ), in the absence of enough cavalry, it seems impossible to attack the highly mobile cavalry with infantry formations, because when the situation is unfavorable, the cavalry can always leave the battle or attack the flank and rear direction in a roundabout way. Therefore, it is more appropriate to use square or round formations to defend cavalry in the field. . . The mistake of Eight Arrays in Song Dynasty is that we shouldn't spend so much money. If the phalanx can work, why complicate things and have an eight-array that is neither fish nor fowl? . . It seems that this is also the product of literati divorced from the reality of war. . . Of course, it does not rule out the possibility that the Wu kiln array map is inaccurate. . .
There is a shortage of cavalry in Song Jun, accounting for only one seventh of the total number of the whole army, and there are often three or four horseless cavalry (in Li Wen, Li Jing advocated setting up wooden horses in the cavalry camp to facilitate cavalry training. I really don't know whether this is due to lack of horses or habits, but it may be the source of modern pommel horse. . . Nine times out of ten there are no horses. For example, Liu Guangshi has 52,000 soldiers and only over 3,000 war horses. This shows the extent of the shortage of horses in Song Jun. . . In addition, Song Ma is relatively small, generally around 1.36 meters, which is not a big horse by current standards. Han Shizhong once presented a horse, about1.58m, to Emperor Gaozong, which was a rare horse in the Song Dynasty. . . In order to deal with nomadic cavalry, the Song Dynasty made great efforts in formation in an attempt to resist riding in the field. . . During the Song Dynasty, I personally thought that there were two formations worth mentioning. . . That's the crossbow array and overlapping array in the Song Dynasty. . .
A crossbow array is a formation that exerts the power of a crossbow (a crossbow strung with pedals, which is more powerful than a crossbow strung with arms). . . Divided into three rows, from back to front, the first row is curved, the second row is loaded with arrows into the crossbow, and the third row is aimed at shooting. . . When in use, after the third row is shot, it returns to the back of the first row through the gap between two rows to wind it up, and after the second row enters the crossbow, it enters the aiming shooting state, and so on. Get continuous and intensive long-range strike capability. . .
Diezhen was founded by Wu brothers in Sichuan in Song Dynasty, which was found in the history of Song Dynasty. It is also divided into three columns, with swords and guns holding long soldiers in front, bows in the back, and finally an arm crossbow or a pedal crossbow. . . This is a requirement close to actual combat. When fighting, the whole army should kneel down. When the enemy approaches 65,438+000 steps, let an armed archer stand up and shoot (this is for ranging). If the enemy can enter the enemy line, then send all the archers out. When the enemy approaches 70 paces, let a flat archer stand up and shoot. If you can get into the enemy line, then send all the archers out. . . When the enemy refused to mount the horse, the Marine Corps started hand-to-hand combat with him. . . In this way, the use of long-range strike weapons to intercept and defend layer by layer weakens the ability of enemy cavalry to move quickly, making it possible to resist riding in the field. . .
Explain the formation of the army first. . . In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, due to the extensive use of firearms, the dense formation in the era of cold weapons would cause great casualties. . . In the southeast coastal areas, there are few plains and many mountains, so large-scale battles cannot be opened. . . Faced with the looting threat of Japanese pirates along the southeast coast of China, many of them are vagrants and have strong ability to fight alone. They use weapons such as mountain cities, especially the method of "jumping warfare", and adopt a loose formation. In the face of fierce enemies, the Ming army is often in a passive position. . . Therefore, Qi Jiguang has developed a small centralized and large decentralized Mandarin Duck Array, from large array to small array, and from dense array to evacuation. This is an innovation of formation. . . Qi Jiguang Yuanyang Array: 12 is the most basic combat unit. In this formation, the first two players are long players and rattan players (one of whom is the captain), then two players follow the wolf, then four long gunmen, and finally two short soldiers. . . Use rattan cards to protect long-range shooting weapons in combat (at this time, the players face the enemy, others form a column, and others hide behind the players). Wolf milling is the main attack force, and pike is used to kill people. Short soldiers are used to prevent the enemy from entering or attacking when the long soldiers are tired . . Yuanyang Array has been successfully applied to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and achieved great success. . . Yuanyang group is the most basic group, with many changes. . take for example
Two arrays of mandarin ducks are basic arrays;
Two instrument arrays (two martial arts are separated) are changed from Yuanyang array;
In junior year, you can form a horizontal team, that is, you can change the parallel formation of two teams into a horizontal team, with the captain in the middle, one on the left and one on the right. Wolf milling, wolf milling holds two long guns (in fact, there are other weapons interlaced), with short soldiers behind. . . This is to fight on a wide road;
Small three talents line up in a horizontal line, "Wolf milling in the middle, a pike on the left and a pike on the right, a short soldier and a flat column on the left and right", which is the formation adopted on the narrow road;
A two-wing and one-tail array divides the participating troops into four parts, with the former as the head, the regular army and the main offensive force; The two wings are raiders, which protect the head from the rear and attack the enemy's flank at an appropriate time. The tail is a coordinated force (equivalent to a reserve), ready to reinforce in any direction. . .
In the Qing Dynasty, it is worth mentioning the various disposal methods of the Taiping Army. . .
Matchmaking array: This is a marching battle formation, similar to the modern marching column. . . When marching, you will be ordered to take a matchmaking array, with two Sima Ju and a flag in each array, followed by 25 people; One hundred people held a long flag; Five hundred people are under the banner of Zhang; Two thousand five hundred people are at the edge of Zhang Daqi; Twelve thousand five hundred people are the banner of Zhang Junshuai. . . An army followed. The wide road is divided into two lanes, and the narrow road is one lane, which is filed. . . In the March, in case of encounter, the head and tail are hooked together and gathered in an instant to form a circular array. If the war situation is unfavorable, the general will use the gong as a signal to retreat and still maintain the battle formation of the matchmaking array. At this time, according to the width of the road, it can be divided into ten lines and twenty lines, but it is not allowed to run sideways, and it will also retreat in a column. Matchmaking array, come and go in a hurry, the enemy often can't catch up, even if they catch up, they dare not pursue. . .
Crab formation: This is a three-team parallel combat formation. There are few people in the middle team and many people in the wings. It looks like a crab, so it is called crab shape. This formation is extremely flexible and varies greatly according to the enemy's situation. . . If the enemy is only divided into two teams, the squadron of the array will be divided into two teams. If the enemy has a front team and a back team, combine the strikers on the left and right wings into a team, and combine the second half of the left and right wings with the middle team in parallel, thinking that the front team will join forces. If the enemy has more soldiers on the left, it will turn to the left. If there are more soldiers on the right, they will turn to the right. If the enemy's four or five teams come out, they will be divided into four or five teams to meet them. . . Its large crab-wrapped small crab array is particularly famous. Its method is to engage the enemy with a small array first, and then surround it with a large array, or cheat, lure, chase, ambush and surround it. . . Although the change of crab formation is complicated, it hurts the left and benefits the right. Before moving to the rear, the wonderful operation is that the general will temporarily command according to the enemy's situation. . . It only takes a few big standard bearers to learn, and the whole army will go as soon as they see the standard. Therefore, an army with several big standard-bearers can command all the people without any unevenness, and get an outline, which wins the wonderful use of the crab array (a kind of crab claw array), also known as the purse array and the lotus tail array. )。 . .
Hundred Birds Array: This is an array method using suspected soldiers. Especially suitable for fighting the enemy in the wilderness of Pingchuan. With 25 people as a team, the troops are divided into 100 teams. Just like the stars scattered in the sky, the enemy is surprised that they don't know how many people there are, and each team has the same number, and they don't know where to attack first, so they are defeated every time. . .
Voldemort array: also known as crouching tiger array, whenever the enemy comes to chase, it will retreat to the place blocked by water and mountains. At the general's command, the flag will suddenly fall and a thousand flags will arrive in Pu Qi. Thousands of people were stuck on the ground in an instant, silent and accumulating morale. . . When the enemy caught up with him, the Taiping Army was out of sight. Just as he was wandering in surprise and doubt, the Taiping Army gave a call and suddenly raised a flag, and thousands of flags were raised. Thousands of troops were moved by the wind, screaming at the top of their lungs, and turned to pounce on the enemy, turning victory into defeat. The Taiping Army used this array to defeat the Qing army in Changsha, Nanchang and Wuchang many times. . . Personally, I think this array is also particularly suitable for frontal combat in the age when cold and hot weapons are mixed. . . Because Voldemort can reduce frontal projection and reduce the damage of enemy long-range firearms. . .
These formations were used by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which played a great role under the conditions at that time. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom almost destroyed the rule of the Qing Dynasty, which is really unique. . . These formations were unprecedented, and they were particularly suitable for the military and technical conditions at that time. It can be seen that the reason why the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom has such a big climate is that there must be talents. . .
The command of ancient military arrays was mostly composed of golden drums, flags, cannons, horns and messengers. . . Flags I personally think that ancient military flags can be divided into four types: military flags, military flags, general recognition flags, identification flags and others. . .
Fang Da, also known as Luo Fang. Huyin hair refers to the flag decorated with yak tail, and it can also refer to the expensive flag decorated with animal fur and feathers. Yinpei refers to a flag with a sharp corner at the end, which is mostly dovetail-shaped. This flag is often owned by the commander-in-chief of the whole army, who is in a high position on one side of the battle. . . Commander-in-Chief is often in Gai Lou when he is fighting. . . So sometimes, in old stories, we often find that there are many ways to judge whether boss is fighting according to whether there is a building or not. . . And this big fork is often the target of the enemy's concentrated attack, and often the soldiers of the whole army are always paying attention to where it is. . . Whether there is a big fork or not will even affect the outcome of the battle. . .
General recognizes the military flag: China is different from the western civil society. The army lacks the sense of honor of the legion, and most soldiers exist as subordinates of the general. . . Most of them don't have corps flags, but there are flags embroidered with the general's surname as the logo of the troops. . . If the commander's position is not noble enough, he can also change the tower into a handsome flag or a military flag. . .
The sign 1, that is, the signal sign, is used to indicate the transfer of commands. . .
Identifying the military flag is used to identify the enemy and ourselves. . . This kind of flag is often the most. . .
In addition to flags, the commanders of the three armies often have objects that can make a loud noise, such as golden drums, cannons and horns. . . "When you hear the drums, you will enter, and when you hear the golden bell, you will retreat." In other words, beating drums is a signal of attack, and beating gongs is a signal of retreat. . .
War is the source of soldiers' morale, especially for the side whose individual combat ability is weaker than the opponent's, we should pay more attention to maintaining the formation. . . Only by maintaining formation can we exert the power of group fighting. . . At this point, China's understanding of ancient times is much clearer than that of the West. . . Like modern wars, the greatest casualties and achievements of ancient wars were not in organized confrontation, but after destroying the enemy's organized battles. . . Array method is the external manifestation of organized fighting. In other words, the massacre began after the formation was destroyed. . . Therefore, when the strength is not much different and the two sides confront each other, the two sides often try to undermine the stability of the enemy formation. . . For example, sending a small number of cavalry to attack repeatedly to prevent the enemy from deploying. For example, in a Chu-Jin confrontation in the Spring and Autumn Period, the Chu army forcibly deployed to prevent the Jin army from forming an array. 8 Jin Jun filled the pit and the well, removed the camp, and finally removed the fence to form an array. . . In the process of disposal, archers are often sent to occupy and control a certain area, and long-range attack weapons are used to control a large area. In the words of an old novel or storytelling, it is to "shoot the position" to prevent the enemy from rushing. . . When the battle is broken, or a powerful soldier is sent as a guide to break into the battle, the army will make a forced breakthrough (cone array is more appropriate). This is what the idiom "people are trapped in the array" refers to. . . Or lure the enemy into complex terrain. . . Or attack the weak part in a roundabout way. . .
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