Guo Sun is an important stage in the historical development of Hutuo River Basin during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In the history of more than 200 years' survival and development, it has created splendid material culture and spiritual culture, especially the cultural relics unearthed from the site of Zhongshan Kingdom, which shocked China and foreign countries with its exquisite, extremely high technical level and scientific and technological content. Conclusive evidence shows that Zhongshan culture is the source of Hutuo River history and culture, and it is one of the important sources of Shijiazhuang history and culture. Together with Zhao culture and Yan culture, it constructs Yanzhao culture and is an important part of Yanzhao culture. Many of the cultural relics unearthed in Sun Yat-sen's old country are the best in China and even in the world, which shows an extraordinary cultural status and makes Sun Yat-sen's culture occupy a place in the history of Chinese civilization. The kingdom of Zhongshan was founded in the early years of King Jing of Zhou (544-533 BC), originally named Xianyu, but it was renamed Zhongshan during the reign of Wen Gong in Zhongshan (459-4 BC14 BC). Founded more than 200 years ago, after a short journey of more than 500 miles (now between Shijiazhuang City and Baoding City in Hebei Province), it reached its peak in the middle of the Warring States Period, and it was a powerful "country of thousands of riders" after Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, Wei and Qin. It is the eighth male vassal state after the Seven Heroes of the Warring States. Sun Yat-sen was founded by the ancestors of nomadic Bai Di, one of the ancestors of the ancient Han nationality in China. After moving eastward, it is mainly composed of four families: Xianyu, Fei, Gu and Qiuyou. ) The history is very short, the history is very short, and the remains are buried underground, which has been unknown for more than 2,000 years, so it is called the "mysterious kingdom". More than 2,000 years ago, in the troubled times of the Warring States, the unhealthy trend of rites and music collapsed and princes rose. Zhongshan kingdom has experienced ups and downs in competition with Yan, Zhao, Wei and Qi. At the beginning of the Warring States period, the state of Wei was powerful and destroyed Zhongshan. After Duke Huan of Zhongshan restored the country and moved the capital to Lingshou, the national strength gradually increased. When Wang Cuo of Zhongshan arrived, he said that Wang Yao was under the Taihang Mountain, and the north was slightly Yan "hundreds of miles away, and dozens of cities were listed", which was no less than the seven males. However, the prosperity of things leads to decline. Zhongshan was surrounded by powerful enemies abroad, the ruling class became increasingly arrogant and its national strength declined. Finally, under the attack of the powerful state of Zhao, it went to extinction. -Zhongshan Ancient Lingshou City Zhongshan Ancient City is the capital of Zhongshan, an important vassal state during the Warring States Period. The site is located in Shan Zhi Township, Pingshan County, west of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 65,438+00 kilometers away from Lingshou County. The site was found in 1973, and its main city site is also called Lingshou City. After 19 years of investigation, exploration and excavation, the city walls and pedestals, the ruins in the city 1 1, ancient roads, burial areas inside and outside the city (including burial areas and general burial areas) and small towns in the east (Lingshou Dongcheng) have been discovered. In recent years, some tombs and places of worship have been discovered in the southwest outside the city. The city site is located in the south of the East-West Lingshan and the north of the Hutuo River, with the east-west natural river ditch as the moat, and a hill and Huangshan Mountain in the north, which embodies the unique culture of worshipping mountains in Zhongshan. Therefore, the protection objects are divided into cultural relics ontology and historical background environment closely related to cultural relics ontology. After years of work by the cultural relics department, many important cultural relics have been excavated and some important sites have been included in this plan. Zhang said, director of the Engineering Management Department of Hebei Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau, that the east-west natural moat system in Lingshan Mountain in the north and Hutuo River in the south, and the natural historical landscape in and around Lingshou City directly constitute the natural historical environment of Zhongshan Ancient City, which is the background environment of Zhongshan Ancient City ruins. The location, historical background and environment of a city are very important. For the protection of cultural relics, we should pay attention to the integration of the site and its surrounding environment protection. The Plan defines the specific scope of protection from four directions, namely, metropolitan area, Dongbao city area and Xiling district. The construction control zone is based on the eastern line of the protection scope of Dongbao City and extends 500 meters to the east. Taking the southern line of 1 nature reserve as the baseline, it extends southward to the north bank of Hutuo River and Huangbizhuang Reservoir. Take the western line of the protection scope of Area 3 as the baseline and expand to the west by 500 meters. Taking the northern line of the protection scope of the metropolitan area as the baseline, it extends 500 meters to the north of Gangbei Village. -The ruins of the ancient city of Zhongshan are in urgent need of protection. In the planning, the cultural relics sites of Zhongshan Ancient City are divided into proven sites of Zhongshan State and unearthed cultural relics sites, including: Lingshou city wall, city gate, moat, road, large rammed earth building site, official handicraft workshop, residential site, tombs outside the city, General Cemetery outside the city and sacrifice. The possible distribution scope of the ruins of Zhongshan ancient city includes: all areas within the wall of Lingshou City except the proven sites of Zhongshan State and the unearthed sites of cultural relics; In the east wall of Lingshou, all areas except rammed earth building sites and later superimposed remains are within the possible distribution range of Zhongshan ancient city sites. In addition, it also includes unearthed cultural relics, including all kinds of ancient production and living utensils unearthed in the ruins of Zhongshan ancient city. It is understood that at present, there are rammed earth remains in the main wall of Zhongshan ancient city only in the western section of the south wall, the western wall and some sections of the north wall. Among them, the south wall is adjacent to the reservoir and the height is flush with the farmland. The upper part is leveled and cultivated, and the lower part is built with stone retaining wall. The west city wall belongs to the well-preserved part of the old city, but it is discontinuous, and about 3/5 of it has been destroyed. There are few remnants of the city wall visible above the surface in the south, and there are intermittent and relatively complete city walls in the north. Only a small amount of rammed earth remains can be seen on the wall of the north city. Only the site of Zhangjiamiaotai remains in the attached part of the city wall, and its south side collapsed due to the flood, forming a steep slope. In order to protect this relic, a small number of retaining walls have been built, and at present, drilling marks have been found in the middle of the abutment; The location of the city gate can be confirmed, but the remains are gone. The northern sections of Xicheng Wall, Dongcheng Wall and Dongcheng Wall in Lingshou are relatively well preserved. The northern section of Dongcheng Wall has been occupied by Chengnandong Village, and the soil is seriously damaged. The southern sections of Xicheng Wall and Cheng Nan Wall are completely occupied by Gucheng Village; Farming and grazing problems generally exist in the above-mentioned unoccupied city walls; On the west side of Zhaowangtai in this city, there is a wild boar breeding factory that occupies a rammed earth construction site and is illegally built without the approval of the administrative department of cultural relics. There are still three tombs sealed in the cemetery areas inside and outside the city. Among them, the adult cemetery in the city has been destroyed, leaving only two sides sealed with farming activities; The enclosure of Huan cemetery in the city is basically complete, with modern houses built on it, and the rammed earth in the middle has collapsed, and filling measures have been taken; Outside the city, the tomb after the funeral is basically intact, with a sightseeing platform built on it. The circular earth platform in the southeast of the city is generally preserved, and the phenomenon of taking stones and soil is serious, and modern buildings have been built on it. The "Wang Zhaotai" in Lingshou Dongcheng is well preserved, with pedals and modern sacrificial buildings built on it. Some sites in the city still have rammed earth sites, which are seriously damaged, mainly for farming and building. -The National Archaeological Site Park Zhongshan Ancient City will be built, which is the capital of Zhongshan State, a nomadic people in northern China. From 465438 BC+04 BC, Wu Chu, Shandong Province was founded, to 296 BC, when Zhao destroyed Zhongshan, five monarchs successively established their capitals here to rule Zhongshan, witnessing the whole history of Zhongshan from revival to prosperity to extinction. Among them, the site of Lingshou City basically preserves important buildings such as the city defense system, buildings, handicraft sites and tombs. The site selection and construction of Lingshou City are integrated with the local natural environment, which embodies the concept of urban construction in the Warring States period. The site of Lingshou City has become an important example to study the capital system of vassal States in the Warring States period. A large number of exquisite cultural relics unearthed from the site of the ancient city of Zhongshan, especially the bronze case and giant map unearthed from the tomb of King CuO in Zhongshan, have aroused academic shock and widespread concern at home and abroad.