1. 1 The Pearl of the World-Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal
The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is the longest ancient canal in the world, with a total length of 1794 km. From Beijing in the north to Hangzhou in Zhejiang in the south. It flows through Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, connecting the five major water systems of Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River, and connecting these five major water systems into a unified water transport network.
1.2 Huai 'an occupies an important position in the development of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.
In the Spring and Autumn Period, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, dug ditches, and Huai 'an entered the present Li Canal, which became the end of the canal. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Huai 'an was a gentle place in the north and south of the canal, and a large number of water transport and water management institutions were stationed in Huai 'an. Huai 'an is unprecedentedly prosperous, with the largest urban population of 540,000, making it the capital of canals. The glory of the past provided a strong historical memory and a strong impetus for the revival of Huai 'an Canal.
1.3 The two sides of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in Huai 'an are merging.
Nowadays, the banks of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in Huai 'an are closely connected with the urban structural elements such as Xiangyu Avenue, Huaihai South Road, Beimen Street and Li Canal Cultural Corridor, covering the municipal administrative and cultural center, the municipal sports center, the public center in Chuzhou District and the public center in Huangma District, and adjacent to Shuidukou Municipal Business Center, Qingpu District Public Center and the municipal science and education center. It can be seen that the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal has extremely important structural significance in Huai 'an. It has always been a quiet fringe in all districts, and will soon become the most active center of Huai 'an at present and in the future.
2. Investigation and study on the built environment on both sides of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in Huai 'an.
2. 1 land use investigation and research
The main types of land use are industry, residence, homestead, farmland, water system and external traffic. Construction land is mainly concentrated at the east and west ends of the plot, and construction has also begun in the middle. The residential and industrial land in the concentrated area are mixed with each other, and the scattered area is mainly rural homestead and farmland. The disorderly land use layout needs to be adjusted and improved urgently, and the structural imbalance needs to be improved by changing, supplementing and strengthening nature.
2.2 Road traffic investigation and study
(1) Land transportation: The road is a checkerboard road network structure, which is divided into five grades: expressway, structural trunk road, other trunk roads, secondary trunk roads and branch roads; The east and west ends of the road network are dense and the middle is sparse. Public transportation in the area is relatively developed in the built-up area, and there is no public transportation in Lianghe District and New Town. The pedestrian traffic is not perfect, only the sidewalks of urban roads, some waterfront trails, river pedestrian streets and a small number of park tour roads. The trunk traffic on both sides of the canal is good, but the overall comprehensive traffic network construction needs to be improved and the branch network construction needs to be accelerated.
(2) Waterway traffic: Waterway channels include the national second-class waterway of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Huai 'an tourist waterway of the Li Canal; Take the bus without water for the time being. The docks are mainly industrial and storage docks. The setting of water bus and wharf and the renovation of its surrounding areas are related to the success or failure of the future development of the canal.
2.3 landscape environment investigation and research
(1) Waterfront landscape: The elements of water landscape mainly include water body, water shipping and docked ships, aquatic plants and floating objects. Waterfront landscape elements mainly include river banks, slope protection, industrial workshops, freight yards, protective leisure green spaces, residential quarters and residential areas. How to allocate waterfront resources scientifically and reasonably and implant some activation functions is an important topic to be considered at present.
(2) Greening landscape: Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Populus davidiana, willow, cedar and shrub are dominant along the river, and the landscape is monotonous and unsystematic. The utilization and transformation of rich but unsystematic greening resources is the focus of the basement shaping on both sides of the canal.
(3) Industrial landscape: it is concentrated at the east and west ends of the base, with Shen Jing salt industry and river sand yard as the main parts in the east and shipyards and warehouses in the water transport industry as the main parts in the west. Landscape objects include docks, ships, warehouses, towers, sand piles, iron plates, tank containers, trusses, chimneys and so on. The diverse and distinctive industrial landscape provides a good carrier for preserving the inheritance and innovation of modern industrial civilization.
(4) Human settlement landscape: the living form is mainly residential settlements, including old neighborhoods, built residential quarters, waterfront high-rise buildings under construction and rural residential areas; In addition, there are houses and boats, a canal with boats as its residence. Various human settlements provide a source and link for enriching life on both sides of the canal.
(5) Cultural landscape: Cultural remains are mainly concentrated on the east bank of the Li Canal, and distributed around the riverbanks, semi-gates, ancient towns, small lakes and little lakes of Chuzhou ancient city; Landscape objects mainly include ancient canal banks, pavilions, temples, ancient pagodas, historical blocks, gardens, ancient buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties, etc. Various cultural relics and landscape objects are supported by activities that need to be sufficient and relevant.
(6) Facilities landscape: The facilities landscape in the base mainly includes the bridges across the two rivers, exposed municipal pipelines, road facilities, water towers with vertical sense and other sculptures. Most of these facilities are crude, lack of careful design, and some are even unsightly. Good and bad facilities and landscapes need to be utilized and transformed on the basis of screening.
2.4 Investigation and study on the building environment
(1) Architectural texture: the east is located in the ancient city, and the texture follows the rules of traditional streets and lanes, and most buildings are arranged along the north-south river; The central area is mostly residential, and the texture is mostly in line with rivers and tractor roads, so the sense of direction is poor, and only the newly built buildings have a strong sense of spatial combination; The texture in the west is relatively regular, and the buildings are mostly arranged in the north-south direction. To continue the urban context, we must remove impurities and absorb its essence on the basis of the existing texture.
(2) Building enclosure: Industrial building enclosure is mainly peripheral, decisive and decentralized; The enclosure of residential buildings is mainly determinant and freestyle; The enclosure of public buildings is mainly peripheral, independent and decisive; The enclosure of residential buildings is mainly series, free and independent; The architectural enclosure of aquatic fishermen is mainly series and freestyle. Diversified ways of building enclosure provide reference for the architectural layout on both sides of the canal.
(3) Building height: High-rise buildings are mainly distributed in the administrative and cultural center in the middle and the riverside area in the west, mainly for residence and administrative office, generally around 10-20 floors; Multi-storey buildings are mainly distributed at the east and west ends of the base, mainly for houses and schools, with 3-5 floors; Low-rise buildings are scattered in the east, west and middle, mainly residential buildings, industrial workshops, warehouses and ancillary buildings, with floors ranging from 1-3. The rhythmic architectural height layout reminds us that the shaping of the riverside skyline should be the top priority on both sides of the canal in the future.
3. Planning conception of both sides of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in Huai 'an.
3. 1 Clear development goals
(1) Overall goal: Both sides of the canal are planned to be waterfront leisure areas with perfect functions, unique landscape, good ecology, complete facilities and complete supporting facilities in the city center.
(2) Cultural goal: Inherit the local multiculturalism of Huai 'an and carry it forward innovatively, so that the two sides of the canal will become the focus of the reflection and embodiment of Huai 'an cultural characteristics.
(3) Tourism objective: To break the embarrassing situation of nominal canal tourism and make Huai 'an one of the important tourist destinations of tourist cities on both sides of the canal.
(4) Development goal: to reflect the comprehensive value of the canal to the surrounding land, adapt to the pace of urban development, advance in an orderly manner, highlight key points, and make both sides of the canal become the core areas and demonstration areas for the recent development and construction of Huai 'an city.
3.2 Innovative planning concept-"Return to the Canal"
(1) Return to what? It is the mode of production, lifestyle and ecological mode. That is, depending on the canal in the mode of production and taking the canal as the engine; In the way of life, it is close to the canal and centered on the canal; On the way of ecology, nature is to learn from the law, based on green water.
(2) how to return? The first is the regression of context, so that there are veins to follow and traces to follow; Secondly, the essence returns, so as to pay attention to the essence and not pursue the appearance; In addition, it is necessary to innovate and return to make urban spatial planning creative and innovative; Finally, we must achieve integration and regression, and realize the organic integration and ingenious integration of many parties.
3.4 to enhance urban positioning
(1) urban positioning: a comprehensive demonstration area of modern urban life, leisure and tourism with ecological and cultural resources along the canal as the core.
(2) Functional orientation: With waterfront leisure tourism as the soul, around the theme of improving innovation, enhancing vitality, cultural heritage and ecological conservation, we will build a new metropolis with perfect functions and brand-new lifestyles, with urban waterfront leisure tourism as the core driving force, waterfront livability, business office, cultural entertainment, leisure tourism and natural history exhibition as the leading functions, and commerce, transportation, science and technology education and catering facilities as the auxiliary functions.
4. Some suggestions
(1) In terms of urban planning, we should make overall planning for both sides of the canal at an appropriate time, and strive to create the best and most distinctive urban waterfront space environment;
(2) In terms of space design, subtraction should be done as far as possible on both sides of the canal to shape a good urban public open space system and reserve flexible development space for future development;
(3) In terms of leisure tourism, we should link urban space with the canal as much as possible, strengthen the planning of urban events and activities, and make Huai 'an a famous leisure tourism city at home and abroad as soon as possible;
(4) As for industrial heritage, it is suggested to sort out the industrial heritage on both sides of the canal as soon as possible, and formulate a special industrial heritage list and related protection and utilization plans;
(5) In terms of planning and management, under the premise that conditions permit, fine-tune the construction land plan that has not started, and try to open up the ecological and living corridors leading to the canal.