Lesson 65438:
1. The earliest known human in China is Yuanmou Man (who lived about 1.7 million years ago and was found in Yuanmou County, Yunan Province).
2. Beijingers: It was found in Longgu Mountain, Zhoukoudian, Beijing, about 700,000-200,000 years ago. Beijingers still retain some characteristics of apes; Use rough stone tools, use natural fire and live in groups.
3. Neanderthals: Found in Gulong, Zhoukoudian, Beijing about 18000 years ago. The appearance of cavemen is basically the same as that of modern people; Use hammer to hit stone tools, but master polishing and drilling techniques; Use artificial fire; Sew clothes with bone needles.
Lesson two:
1, Mudu aborigines: Located in the Yangtze River basin about 7,000 years ago, it reflects the original residential site of the original farming landscape in the Yangtze River basin. Grinding stone tools have been used to grow rice, and China is the first country to grow rice in the world. Live in a barn, dig wells, raise pigs, dogs, buffaloes and other livestock; Can make pottery.
2. Original inhabitants of Banpo: the site of the original inhabitants located in the Yellow River Basin about 6,000 years ago, which reflects the original farming landscape of the Yellow River Basin. Grinding tools have been used to grow millet, cabbage and mustard. China is the first country to grow millet in the world. Living in a house in a semi-basement; Making painted pottery; Raising pigs, dogs and other domestic animals, hunting and fishing.
3. Dawenkou: About four or five thousand years ago, private property appeared, which led to polarization between the rich and the poor.
Lesson 3
1. According to legend, he improved farm tools, taught people to farm, tasted various herbs and invented medicines. He is the founder of primitive agriculture and medicine in China.
2. Yan Di and Huangdi tribes moved towards unification and continued to multiply, forming the later subject.
Therefore, he was honored as the ancestor of the Chinese nation.
3. The method of selecting tribal alliance leaders in primitive society is called.
He is the hero of water control in the legendary era, and is called.
Lesson Five
1. Around 2070 BC, the first country in the history of China was established. After his death, his son succeeded him and began the history of his family. Take its place from now on.
2. Shang tribal leaders led the troops to defeat, established the Shang Dynasty and established the capital. Later, the Shang king moved the capital to Luoyi, which was called Luoyi in history.
3. The leader of Zhou tribe led his army to defeat and establish in Konoha.
4. In 77 1 BC, ethnic minorities attacked Haojing and killed it. Before 770, he moved the capital to Luoyi.
Lesson 6
1, in the Western Zhou Dynasty, in order to consolidate the rule over the surrounding areas, it was implemented.
2. Q&A: A: What are the obligations of the client countries to Zhou Wang? B. what role did the enfeoffment system play?
3. The hierarchy of the Western Zhou Dynasty: (Emperor Zhou → vassal → Qing Dafu → scholar) → (civilian → slave)
Noble (ruling class) (ruled class)
4. Ruling means: ruling the people through military, criminal law and etiquette education.
Lesson 7
1. 770 BC-476 BC is a period in the history of China, and 475 BC-22 BC1year is a period in the history of China.
2. There were five overlords in history, including Qi Huangong, Song Xianggong, Jin Wengong, Qin Mugong and Chu Zhuangwang.
3. Among the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period, he is the best. He appointed Xiang as prime minister, put forward slogans, and established his dominant position in the central plains at the meeting of the governors' alliance.
4. The battle of Jin and Chu, the battle of secretion defeated Jin and became the overlord.
5. The Jin Dynasty was divided into,, plus the original,, and called.
6. The six countries formed an alliance between the north and the south, and * * * fought against Qin. It is called that Qin made use of the contradictions of the six countries, made friends from far and near, and attacked each other.
7. Q&A: Why can Qi Huangong have the first advantage?
Lesson 8
1. During the Spring and Autumn Period, tools began to be widely used in agricultural production, occupying a dominant position. At that time, people began to use plows pulled by two cows for farming.
2. The popularization and use of iron tools in Niu Geng has replaced collective farming and promoted the emergence of a new class.
3. Among the reforms in the Warring States Period, Qin was the most influential.
4. Question and answer: A. What is the content of Shang Yang's reform? What influence did Shang Yang's political reform have on Qin State?
Lesson 9
1. During the Shang Dynasty, the characters carved on tortoise shells and animal bones were called.
2. China's literary history can be tested from the beginning, from which our Chinese characters developed today.
3. The Shang bronzes unearthed from Yin Ruins are the largest bronzes ever discovered in the world.
Lesson 65438
1. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a great thinker and educator in China was, and he also founded a school. His remarks are mainly collected in one book, and his thoughts are mainly divided into two parts.
2. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, this situation appeared in the ideological field. The main schools at that time were,, and the representative figures were,, and.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, the founder of a strategist wrote a military work.
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