1. History, referred to as history, generally refers to the history of human society. It is a discipline that records and explains a series of historical events in the process of human activities, and it is also a mapping of the present era in many cases. If it is only summary and mapping, then history as an existence should disappear. The problem of history is to discover the real past constantly, to speak with materials, and how people can become a negotiable problem in reality. [1] History is an extension. History is the inheritance, accumulation and expansion of culture, and history is the track of human civilization. The broad sense of "history" is the unity of "history has two meanings" produced by the simultaneous training of "history". Including: the objective existence and development process of human past society completely independent of human consciousness; Historians describe and explore this objective existence, process and its laws, spiritual production practice and products created by it. The narrow sense of historiography refers to the latter, which is the unity of spiritual production and practice, and what it creates belongs to ideology. Because of the different angles and starting points of historians' investigation, there are different definitions of "activity", "learning" or "learning", "knowledge system", "science", "art", "semi-science and semi-art" and "synthesis".
2. Basic introduction?
1.
Ancient Chinese characters in history
The development process of the objective world movement can be divided into natural history and human social history.
2. Narrow sense
The process of the occurrence and development of human society.
Three. detailed description
1. Records of past facts. Divided into ancient history, modern history and modern history!
(1) The History of the Three Kingdoms Wu Zhi Wu Nalusu is brilliant among ordinary people ... and bows down to your majesty, which is also a short story. "Pei Songzhi quoted the Book of Wu:" The prince of Wu kept a simple heart. Although he had leisure time, he read books and passed on history.
2. refers to the past facts.
Mao Zedong's "Debate on Agricultural Cooperation and Current Class Struggle": "Our goal is to eliminate capitalism and let it … become history."
3. Experience, details.
(1) The present situation of strange people witnessed in 20 years, the third time: "This is one of the pheasant Dojo."
(2) Preface to Huang Qingren's Copy of Qian Muzhai: "His writing is a magnificent change, which has become a trend with his life."
(3) Lao She's Camel Xiangzi 2 1: "Mrs. Xia probably won't leave a servant who knows her."
4. Refers to the development process of nature and society; Evolution; origin
(1) Jin Yi's literary view: "From the perspective of the ancient imperial industry, there are no more than three or four people who can really rely on their bare hands."
(2) Mao Zedong's "Long live the great unity of the people of China": "China has since opened up a new era."
(3) Zi Han's A Long History: "It is developing and enriching."
5. refers to the history discipline. That is, the discipline that records and explains historical events as a series of human activities.
Lu Xun's Letters to Cao Juren: "China's knowledge should be rearranged, that is, if ~, another book should be compiled."
6. Refers to the traces of past experiences and deeds. China is one of the four ancient civilizations. Chinese civilization is Chinese civilization. China has the longest history.
Four. Traceability of words
The meaning of "history" was first expressed by the word "history" in Chinese. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the word "history" is similar to "thing" and refers to an event. Xu Shen's Shuo Wen Jie Zi said: "History is also recorded; From the middle, middle and right. " It is pointed out that the original meaning of "history" is the recorder, that is, "historian". By extension, it represents what historians have recorded, in other words, all the past things recorded in words.
The word "history" appeared relatively late. The History of the Three Kingdoms, and Wu Yin and Wu Zhusun Quan "read and pass on history and adopt strangeness". The word "calendar" before "history" refers to experience and calendar, that is, a period of time experienced by human beings. By adding the concept of time to the event, the word "history" has the meaning of today. Some people think that "calendar" is an auxiliary meaning added by modern Japanese scholars when translating English "history", which means that the general scope of human experience is far greater than the word "history" in meaning.
In the west, the word "history" in most languages comes from the Greek word "historia", which means "investigation and inquiry", and comes from the book "History" written by Herodotus, the father of history.