I. Political system and governance
1. orthodoxy: The orthodoxy popular in the Zhou and Qin Dynasties was the basis for the formation of the Confucian school and was regarded as the fundamental basis for ruling legitimacy.
2. Feudal system: Zhou and Qin established a feudal system to maintain the ruling power by fiefs and nobles.
3. Thought of ruling by virtue: It is emphasized that the monarch should rule the country by virtue, rather than using violence to maintain social order.
Second, military and war.
1. Weapons manufacturing technology: During the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, great progress was made in iron smelting technology and weapons manufacturing level, especially the war strategy of General Bai Qi in the Qin Dynasty, which had a far-reaching impact on later generations.
2. Military service system: The Qin Dynasty implemented a comprehensive military service system to ensure unified army building and soldier training.
3. Urban defense: During the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, the construction of city walls and military facilities was strengthened, and the city's defense capability was improved.
Three. Economy and society
1. Agricultural production: During the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, agricultural production developed rapidly, a large-scale irrigation system was established, and planting techniques and farm tools were also improved.
2. Commercial trade: During the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, commercial trade activities flourished, and trade in different places made the circulation of goods wider.
3. Social stratum: During the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, society was divided into different strata, such as nobles, intellectuals, peasants and slaves, and the feudal system aggravated the differences among social strata.
Four. Philosophy and thought
1. Taoist thought: Taoist thought developed in the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, emphasizing personal cultivation and the way of nature.
2. Confucianism: Confucianism gradually became the mainstream in the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, emphasizing benevolence, morality and reasonable social order.
3. Legalist thought: Legalist thought reached its peak in the Qin Dynasty, paying attention to the legal system and strict rule.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) literature, art and technology
1. Literary Creation: During the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, a number of famous literary works appeared, such as The Book of Songs and Songs of the South.
2. Archaeology and architecture: Archaeological discoveries in the Zhou and Qin Dynasties revealed the prosperous architecture and handicraft products at that time, such as bronzes.
3. Science and technology: During the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, some progress was made in astronomy, geography and medicine, which laid the foundation for the development of science and technology in later generations.
Abstract: The culture of Zhou and Qin Dynasties is a rich cultural stage in the history of China, covering politics, military affairs, economy, society, philosophy, literature and art, science and technology and other fields. The culture of this period left an important legacy in the history of China, which had a far-reaching impact on later generations.