Yuan Zhen's three poems "Regret for the Past" were all selected as "Three Hundred Tang Poems". Yuan Zhen's wife, Wei Cong, is the youngest daughter of Wei Xiaqing, the prince of Shaobao. In 802 (the eighteenth year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong), she was twenty years old and Yuan Zhen was twenty-five years old, and she married Yuan Zhen. Life after marriage is relatively poor, but Wei Cong is very virtuous, has no complaints and has a good relationship with her husband and wife. Seven years later, when Yuan Zhen was appointed as the supervisor, Wei Cong died of illness at the age of 27. Yuan Zhen was very sad and wrote many mourning poems, the most famous of which were these three. The first song recalled his wife's difficult situation and conjugal love before her death, and expressed her regret. The sadness at the end of the first song is connected. Mainly write "Pepsi mourning" after the death of his wife. The first sentence of the third song, "I sit here alone and mourn for both of us", is a connecting link between the preceding and the following. Summarize the first two songs with "King of Sorrow" and lead the following with "Self-pity". From the early death of his wife, he thought of a limited life. When commenting on the three poems of Regret for the Past, retired scholars in Qing Dynasty pointed out: "Those who can't reach the scope of these three poems in ancient and modern times can't be ignored." These three poems by Yuan Zhen deserve such praise.
Related reading: Regret for the Past (three full poems), Regret for the Past, Regret for the Past, Regret for the Past, Regret for the Past, Regret for the Past, Regret for the Past, Regret for the Past and Regret for the Past.
Appreciation of Mourning for the Past (Three Poems)
Send condolences (three songs)
Don
Send sorrow and cherish one.
Ah, Xie (1), the youngest and favorite daughter, unfortunately married this penniless scholar (2).
You mended my clothes with your own wicker basket, and I cheated you with your gold hairpin to buy wine.
At dinner, we had to pick wild vegetables and use dried Sophora japonica leaves as kindling.
Now that I am a high official, you are far away from the world and sent some monks and priests to be at the mercy of monks.
Send grief and cherish seconds.
I used to joke that it was behind us, but now it is in front of us as you said.
The clothes you have worn have been given away, and I can't bear to open your sewing box.
Because I miss you, I love girls very much, and many of your dreams, I will burn paper for you.
No one knows that the husband and wife will be sad, and many past memories are extremely sad.
Send sorrow and cherish the past.
I'm sitting here alone, mourning for both of us. How many years is my seventy years old? .
There are better people than me, and God didn't give them a son. There is a better poet than me, whose dead wife can't hear his voice.
Even if you can bury it, you can't tell a passion. What an illusory hope the fetters of the afterlife are.
However, when I open my eyes, I can see the whole night, the lifelong troubles in your brow, 8.
To annotate ...
Wei Cong is the youngest daughter of Prince Shao. This is a metaphor for Xie Daowen, Xie An's favorite niece.
(2) Qian Lou: a poor man in Qi during the Warring States Period. This is a metaphor. It is said that Wei Cong bowed down and married into a famous family. Be a good person: everything is not going well.
③ Basket: a bamboo or straw box.
④ Mud: Soft, please.
5 Firefox: bean leaves.
⑥ Deng You: a native of the Western Jin Dynasty, with a word "Bo Dao" and an official in Hexi Prefecture. "The Book of Jin Deng Youchuan" contains: In the war at the end of Yongjia, I gave up my son to protect my nephew, but there were no children.
⑦ Pan Yue: A native of the Western Jin Dynasty, whose word is An Ren, wrote three mourning poems. These two sentences write that everything in life has a destiny, but what hurts is the fate of no wife and no children.
Eight sentences share the same point: I hope to be buried with my wife after death. I hope to be husband and wife again in the afterlife. But these hopes are hard to realize. What I can do now is to stay up all night and make up for her suffering with unforgettable thoughts. Rudder Gun Gun: Dark appearance.
Make an appreciative comment
Yuan Zhen's wife, Wei Cong, is the youngest daughter of Wei Xiaqing, the prince of Shaobao. In 802 (the eighteenth year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong), she was twenty years old and Yuan Zhen was twenty-five years old, and she married Yuan Zhen. Life after marriage is relatively poor, but Wei Cong is very virtuous, has no complaints and has a good relationship with her husband and wife. Seven years later, when Yuan Zhen was appointed as the supervisor, Wei Cong died of illness at the age of 27. Yuan Zhen was very sad and wrote many mourning poems, the most famous of which were these three.
The first song recalled his wife's difficult situation and conjugal love before her death, and expressed her regret. One or two sentences quoted allusions, referring to Webster's niece Xie Daowen, the favorite niece of Xie An, the prime minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and referring to Qian Lou, a poor man in the State of Qi during the Warring States Period, which means that the other party is obedient. "Obedience", everything goes well, this is a brief summary of Webster's seven years of hard life after marriage, which is used to quote four sentences in the middle. "Mud", soft winding. "Dragon fire", long bean leaves. When I saw that I had no clothes to change, I rummaged through the wardrobe for it. I had no money around, so I begged her to buy wine, so she pulled out the gold hairpin on her head and exchanged it for money. Usually she can only use wild vegetables such as bean leaves to satisfy her hunger, but she eats very sweetly; Without firewood, she cooks on the dead leaves falling from the old locust tree. These words are neatly written, which not only describes the difficult situation of "obedience" after marriage, but also vividly depicts the image of a good wife and mother. These four narratives are saturated with the poet's admiration and affection for his wife. In the last two sentences, it seems that the poet suddenly woke up from a trance-like memory and expressed infinite regret: although he is enjoying a generous salary now, he can no longer enjoy the splendor with his beloved wife, and he can only pin his feelings by paying homage and asking monks and Taoist priests to cross over the dead. Fu, the frequency of such mourning activities. Although these two sentences are peaceful, they are extremely bitter inside.
The second song is connected with the sadness at the end of the first song. Mainly write "Pepsi mourning" after the death of his wife. The poet wrote several things that caused sadness in daily life. People have passed away, but the remains are still there. In order to avoid thinking, he gave away his wife's clothes; Leave my wife's needlework intact and reluctant to open it. The poet wants to seal up his past memories in this negative way, and this practice itself just proves that he can't get rid of his thoughts on his wife. Also, every time I see the servant girl around my wife, it also causes my own sadness, thus giving the servant girl more pity. Everything hurts during the day, and at night I dream of flying over the underworld to find each other. Giving money in a dream seems absurd, but it is touching infatuation. His wife, who had suffered all his life, died. Now, the husband who lives a rich life does not forget his old love, and there is nothing he can do for his wife except "going back to camp to fast". So the dream came true, and the dream of sending money to his wife appeared.
The first sentence of the third song, "I sit here alone and mourn for both of us", is a connecting link between the preceding and the following. Summarize the first two songs with "King of Sorrow" and lead the following with "Self-pity". From the early death of his wife, he thought of a limited life. A hundred years of life is not long. This poem quotes Deng You and Pan Yue. Deng You is so kind-hearted, but he has no children all his life. This is destiny. No matter how well written Pan Yue's mourning poems are, they don't mean anything to the deceased, which is tantamount to wasting pen and ink. The poet used Deng You and Pan Yue as metaphors, pretending to be philosophical and meaningless, but revealed the pain of childlessness and wife loss. Then I turned out hope from despair, hoping that the couple would be buried together after death and remarried in the afterlife. However, think calmly again: this is just an illusory fantasy, and it is even more difficult to count on, so I am even more desperate: the dead are gone, and everything in the past can never be made up! Poetry is getting more and more sad, and I can't help myself. Finally, I reluctantly said, "However, my open eyes can see the lifelong troubles in your brow all night." The poet seems to be telling his wife: I will think of you forever and ever, and I will repay you for "never showing my eyebrows" by "opening my eyes" all night. So infatuated and sad.
When commenting on the three poems of Regret for the Past, retired scholars in Qing Dynasty pointed out: "Those who can't reach the scope of these three poems in ancient and modern times can't be ignored." These three poems by Yuan Zhen deserve such praise.
explain
Learning Tang poetry is to inherit and carry forward this precious wealth left by the ancients. It is very necessary to deeply understand the poet's creative intention and the true meaning of poetry. How to do this requires some efforts. Learning Tang poetry should do the following four things: first, understand the background of writing poetry, second, understand the poet's life experience, third, understand the poet's social status and social relations, and fourth, understand the poet's creative genre and artistic style. A thorough understanding of these four aspects is the key to learning and appreciating Tang poetry, which enables us to better understand the poet's writing intention and the meaning of the original poem. How to learn Tang poetry is a big topic, and it involves a deep theory, which is beyond the understanding of a layman like me. Therefore, only Yuan Zhen's "Ai" poem "Ai for Ai" is taken as an example to give a brief explanation to get a glimpse of the whole leopard.
Yuan Zhen's "Mourning for the Past" (three poems) is a "mourning" poem for his wife's early death, and all factions agree on this point. But there are different opinions about the writing age of this poem. Some said that it was written in the fifth year of Yuanhe (8 10), one year after the death of his wife, and some said that it was written in the fourth year of Changqing (825), when he joined the cabinet as an assassin and an ancient adviser to the same state, and the interpretation of the contents of the poem was not the same. There are two schools, one is Chen, a master of Chinese studies who studied Yuan Zhen and wrote yuanshi county County Records and Bai Yuan Notes, and the other is Bian, a literature professor who compiled Yuan Zhen's Chronicle. In addition, Yuan Zhen is a very complicated historical figure, and people's evaluation of his people and poems is very different. In order to understand these three poems accurately, according to the four aspects I want to understand when studying poetry, I describe them as follows:
(1) the writing background of this poem.
Yuan Zhen lived in the Tang Dynasty after the An Shi Rebellion. The Anshi Rebellion is an important event in the history of China, and it is also a turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline. The Anshi Rebellion lasted for seven years, from the 14th year of Tianbao of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty to the end of the first year of Baoying in Tang Daizong (755 ~ 762). This historical event was caused by various social contradictions at that time and had a great influence on the late Tang Dynasty. Since the "An Shi Rebellion", the eunuchs in the central court were authoritarian and politically corrupt, and some honest and clean ministers were successively banished from Beijing. The local separatist forces in the buffer zone are becoming more and more arrogant. Wars between the central government and local governments, as well as between buffer areas, are going on year after year. The imperial court repeatedly raised taxes on the people and imposed exorbitant taxes. The country is in crisis, the people are in dire straits, and class contradictions are increasingly profound and acute. During Yuan Zhen's lifetime, the political event was called "Two Kings and Eight Horses" led by Wang, a scholar of Hanlin (confidential secretary of the emperor) at that time (which happened in 805-806), and this event was later called "Yongzhen Innovation". Yuan Zhen opposed this "Yongzheng innovation", and many famous poets at that time, such as Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan, were active supporters or participants of the "Yongzheng innovation".
(2) The author Yuan Zhen's life experience
Yuan Zhen was born in 779 A.D. (Tang Xianzong 13) and died in 83 A.D.1year (Tang Wenzong Taihe 4 years). He is a descendant of Tuoba, a Xianbei nationality in the Northern Wei Dynasty. A native of Hanoi, Henan Province, whose ancestors lived in Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, soon moved the capital with the Tang Dynasty and returned to Luoyang, the eastern capital, where his family studied and became an official for generations. He lost his father at the age of 8 and moved to Fengxiang, Shaanxi with his mother. His mother, Zheng, is virtuous and versatile, and personally teaches her son to read. In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), Yuan Zhen learned Ming. In the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan (799), he became an official in Hezhong House. In the 19th year of Zhenyuan (803), he was awarded the title of Jinshi, served as secretary of the provincial school, and married Wei Cong, a famous woman. In the first year of Yuanhe (806), after the failure of the "Yongzhen Innovation" movement, it was appointed as the left supplement. In July of the 4th year of Yuanhe (809), his wife Wei Shi died, and Yuan Zhen was recommended as a supervisor by Pei Ji, then a member of the Secretariat of China Academy of Sciences. Later, due to the impeachment of conservative bureaucrats, Cao was demoted to join the army in Jiangling and soon transferred to Tongzhou Sima. After Pei Ji's death, Yuan Zhen took refuge in Yanwan, a buffer region, and Cui, a military eunuch, and was appointed as Governor Guo, a foreign minister of the catering department, worshiping practitioners of ancestral temples and knowing the imperial edict. He was called into the Hanlin Academy as a Chinese scholar, bachelor and assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry. Soon, he was dismissed and demoted to the same state secretariat. Later, he was appointed as the secretariat of Yuezhou, an ancient consultant and an observer in eastern Zhejiang. In the early years of Taihe (827), he was called into the court as Zuo Cheng, the senior minister, the secretary of the proofreading department, and the secretary of Ezhou and Wuchang Army. Yuan Zhen died in Taihe four years, and was awarded the right servant of Shangshu after his death. Yuan Zhen has been an official for a long time, and his ups and downs are uncertain.
(C) Yuan Zhen's social status and social relations
Yuan Zhen, a descendant of an official, was trained by his mother. In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), he passed the Ming Dynasty, and in the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan (799), he went out to be an official in the river. In the 19th year of Zhenyuan (803), he was awarded the title of scholar, and served as a provincial collator of Jiupin Zhongshu. In the first year of Yuanhe (806), Wang was "reformed forever". During his tenure as a school bookseller in Zhongshu Province, Yuan Zhen was appreciated by Wei, the then assistant minister of the official department and a famous poet, and promised his youngest daughter Wei as his wife. Yuan Zhen made friends with the great poet Bai Juyi all his life, and they jointly launched a poetry innovation movement centered on the creation of new Yuefu poetry. The world calls them "Bai Yuan" and their poems "Yuanhe Style". In addition, Yuan Zhen also had a deep friendship with Xue Tao, a poetess, and exchanged poems.
(4) Yuan Zhen's creative genre and artistic style.
Yuan Zhen began to write poems because he read hundreds of poems by Chen Ziang and Du Fu. Therefore, his poetry creation was deeply influenced by Du Fu. After the Anshi Rebellion, the poetry circle in the Tang Dynasty was once in a downturn, and in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty, the once declining poetry circle was revived again. During this period, two schools of poetry originated from Du Fu appeared: one was represented by Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen, Zhang Ji, Wang Jian and Shen Li, among which Yuan Zhen was one of the more influential figures; This party's inheritance from Du Fu focuses on daring to face up to the reality, attacking the darkness, and striving for fluent, vivid and touching language. The other school is headed by Han Yu, and Meng Jiao, Jia Dao, Lu Tong and Li He all belong to this school. They inherited Du Fu's spirit of deliberately seeking novelty and being brave in innovation in art, and were good at writing strange things, seclusion, bitterness and Leng Yan. Yuan Zhen inherited Du Fu's realistic poetic style and was the first poet who advocated writing new Yuefu to improve his poetic style. However, under the aura of Bai Juyi, his poems criticizing the disadvantages of the times are not very famous. What people praise is his "mourning" poem in memory of his dead wife and his "love" poem with Xue Tao. His mourning poems and love poems are simple and profound, as if lonely and sad, extremely touching and touching.
Yuan Zhen's representative works, Tian Jia Ci, Zhi Fu Ci and Lian Chang Gong Ci, are all poems compiled by himself.
Now, let's take Yuan Zhen's "Regret for the Past" (three poems) as an example to talk about the study and understanding of Yuan Zhen's poems. Here, the reference materials related to these three poems, Han Yu's Epitaph of Mrs. Jingzhao Webster, the wife of Emperor Yuan, are copied as follows:
"Lady taboo plexus, MAO, surnamed Webster. His seventh ancestor passed by and sealed Longmen Gong. After Longmen, he led many officials. A good son is a good son, and an heir is a satrap in the valley. A good heir worships virtue, and a prince commands virtue. Chongde Zibi, also known as Guozhen, was a doctor of subject and guest, and was a historian for Lai, Ji and Shang. My wife's great-grandfather taboo Bo Yang, Taiyuan Shaoyin since ten thousand years, vice stay in Beidu, died as a secretary in charge. His grandfather took Du Guanlang as the Sima of Lingnan Army, and his pawn was the secretariat of Tongzhou. Xia Qing, the son of the cop, gave the prince a little protection and shot the left servant. Marry Pei's daughter Gao. Gao Qiu gave things, and his father and Prime Minister Yao Qing.
Ms. Yu is a seasonal girl. If you love it, you can choose your husband to get today's advice. At the beginning of the year, I chose to issue school books to the province. Later, I was able to keep my word, make a policy first, worship the left and pick up the remains, and I will lose my official position if I say it; Being an empire again, he didn't care when he was promoted. Because my wife was taught by her parents before, she got a good husband, she was taught by her first aunt, and she did everything according to the law. Twenty-seven years old, died on July 9, four years. He died in March and was buried in Xianyang on October 13th of the same year. From my uncle to my aunt. Yue Ming:
"Poetry" Song "Shuoren", that is, talking about clan; Women's affairs are glorious. You are tired in front of your wife. Yu He, Tang Ming. Everything is fine, husband and wife. I'm not alone, but I'm dead. Five children were born and one woman survived. Inscriptions are buried, and they last forever. "
According to the records in the epitaph, the writing age of Mourning for the Death should be determined first. Yuan Zhen's wife, Wei Shi, died on July 9, 2004, and was buried in Xianyang on 10/3 three months after her death. By the time he was buried, Yuan Zhen had been promoted to a five-grade supervisor. Because of his position or custom, he could not bow down and sent his family to camp for burial. Yuan Zhen, who stayed in Luoyang, wrote these three poems on the night of the funeral (10/4) to commemorate his dead wife. These three poems are written in one go, unlike some people who think they were written in different times. The first song is to recall the emotional life of my dead wife after her first marriage and praise her noble character; The second poem is touching things and thinking about people, mainly about the deep memory of his dead wife; The third poem is a sober reflection after mourning the death of his wife. The poet believes that everything is still after death, and there is no afterlife at all, that is, "what hope do I have in the darkness of our grave?" His fate is even more difficult. " At the same time, the ancient custom of staying up late is used to mourn and repay the dead wife. This also proves that the writing time of this poem is the second day and night when Wei Cong was buried in Xianyang.
In the first poem, Yuan Zhen compared his wife to Xie Daowen, the favorite niece of Xie An, the prime minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and compared himself to Qian Lou, a scholar in the Spring and Autumn Period, bluntly saying that his wife was committed to getting married. Then I went on to say that Pepsi has been "good" since my wife got married, and the word "good" here is highlighted by Mabel Yuan's unsatisfactory career after marriage. He has been a small official for many years with a meager salary, but at the same time he is at odds with Wang and other dignitaries, and his career is bumpy. Thereby introducing the middle two links. The two couplets describe four scenes: when she saw that I didn't have clothes that fit her, she went to rummage through the closet to find some materials to sew; I came to see my friend and wanted to buy wine, so I wrapped her up and pulled out the golden hairpin on her head. These two sentences are very realistic. As a small official with a low salary, it is conceivable that his married life is not rich. From "caring about my clothes" to "selling wine in the mud", one "caring" and one "mud" vividly depict the poor and affectionate married life of husband and wife. As for "we have to pick wild vegetables for dinner and use dried Sophora leaves as our kindling", they are in vain and they are exaggerated. Through the words "wild vegetables to satisfy hunger" and "defoliation and salary increase", Webster got used to the luxurious life. He is willing to live a well-off life with the poet without complaint, which is not only commendable, but also reflects the deep and rich feelings between husband and wife. I thought that when Yuan Zhen and Wei Cong got married, they were small bureaucrats from grade nine to grade seven, and they were not so poor that they could at least live a well-off life. The end of the poem returns to reality from the memory of married life: "Today they gave me 100,000 yuan, and all I can bring you is temple sacrifice". After his wife died, the poet was promoted to Wu Pin to manage the empire. According to the salary system of Yuanhe period in Tang Dynasty, the monthly salary of Wu Pin officials is about 9,500 Liang, and the annual salary is over10,000 Liang. This is why "my salary is very rich, which could have made you live a good life." Now that you are gone, when you are buried in Xianyang Zuying, I can only do something for you to comfort your deceased. "
As for the second poem, it describes the poet's deep nostalgia for his dead wife. Most of the words in this poem are easy to understand. It's just that "sometimes, in my dreams, I bring you presents", and many people's explanations are specious. In my opinion, it should be because I miss my dead wife so much that I often dream about my dead wife. After waking up from a dream, burning some paper money in memory of your deceased wife is the same as burning paper for your deceased relatives every Memorial Day today. It can be seen that the custom of "burning paper to give money" to commemorate the deceased relatives existed in the Tang Dynasty.
The third poem is the most important part of the mourning poem. Through "there is a better person than me to reject a son in heaven, there is a poet better than me, and his dead wife can't hear him." The same cave is full of ghosts and hopes, and you and I have no confidence in meeting after death. " The four sentences fully show the poet's calm thinking after remembering and mourning his dead wife, and draw the conclusion that there is no hope of "fate" with his wife, showing Yuan Zhen's materialistic thought of not believing in fate and ghosts and gods, and disproving that "sometimes, in my dream, I bring you a gift" in the second song is not out of superstition, but out of deep affection between husband and wife. The third poem is the core and soul of "mourning" poems. "However, when I open my eyes, I can see the lifelong troubles on your forehead all night" means that the poet abides by the custom and stays up all night on the night when his wife is buried, expressing his condolences and rewards for his dead wife. It is definitely not like some people say that the poet said that he would never remarry for life and repay his dead wife. So we can understand the relationship between Yuan Zhen and Xue Tao and his second wife Pei. According to the sentence "God has his son, and people are better than me", it is quite different to infer that Yuan Zhen has no children. Han Yu recorded that Webster had "five sons and one daughter" in the Epitaph of Mrs. Jing Zhao Webster, the wife of imperial envoy Yuan Jun, which shows that Webster had four sons and one daughter for Yuan Zhen. This point can also be confirmed by Yuan Zhenyuan and Liu Nianchun (8 1 1) in Commemorating Webster's Eight Poems: "I followed Chu Zebo, and I became a poet in Xianyang. Pepsi has no intention of eating cold food, and she will cry in front of the child's account. " "Naive children walk away crazily, and hydrangeas are full of flowers." As soon as he fell ill under the ear curtain, he fell asleep on his back. "As can be seen from the poem, the poet not only has a son, but also a young girl. As for the poet's "Leaving Thoughts" written later: "Once the sea was difficult for water, it was amber forever. Lazy looking back at flowers, half the sky is cultivated, and half the sky is a gentleman. "That should be for the sake of his affair with poetess Xue Tao, which has nothing to do with the loss of his wife. This is my understanding of Yuan Zhen's "Mourning" poem "Mourning for Sorrow", which is written for my friends to laugh at. What I'm talking about here is learning Tang poetry. If it's just general reading, choose the appropriate version, and when you encounter something you don't understand, it's enough to read your notes. There is no need to spend so much effort.
Brief introduction of the author
Yuan Zhen (779-83 1 year, or from the 14th year of Dali in Tang Daizong to the 5th year of Daiwa in Wenzong) was born in Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan) in the Tang Dynasty. Father Yuan Kuan, mother Zheng. He is a descendant of Tuoba, a Xianbei clan in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the 14th grandson of Shi Yigui. In his early years, he advocated "New Yuefu" with Bai Juyi. People often call him and Bai Juyi "Bai Yuan".
Yuan Zhen's representative works include Chrysanthemum, Five Poems of Leaving Thoughts (Part IV), Three Poems of Sorrow for Me, Rabbit Silk, A Letter from He Pei School about Hefei, Night Pond, Mourning the Past (East Zhejiang), Late Spring, Living in Jing 'an, and Farewell. Bamboo department (Shishou county boundary), two white clothes, dishes for fish, Xu Wukangzuo (the second time with the original rhyme), one to seven-character poems and so on. Among them, Chrysanthemum, Five Thoughts Poems (Part II) and Three Sorrow Poems (Part II) are widely circulated. This poem has been written for a long time, and I don't think about its content. Since then, I have never had any thoughts about other women, because I once met my lover ("too lazy to look back"). Bi Xing's poem "Once the sea was difficult for water, it was always amber" is very popular because of its fantastic language and hazy artistic conception. However, "Three Mourning Poems" expresses endless thoughts about his dead wife, so sad that people can't help but sympathize with tears. Among them, the ending sentence of the second poem "but not as those who have been poor together know" is familiar to the world. Wei's Collection has the same name as Juyi's Changqing. This collection of poems consists of 28 volumes (396-423 volumes of all Tang poems).
Yuan Zhen is honest and sincere, and Bai Juyi is a pair of close friends. Bai Juyi commented on Yuan Zhen's saying that "only Yuan Jun gains, but he knows it is difficult to make friends", and said that their friendship is "one is a friend with one heart and the other is the age of incense." Ride a pommel horse and have a drink in the snow. Meet at the cross gate, without a crown. Sleep in the spring breeze and watch the autumn moon at night. Not for the same degree, not for the same officer If you are close, you will be square, and there is no heresy in your heart. "Yuan Zhen's concern for Bai Juyi is even more condensed into an eternal masterpiece" Wenle Tiancai Jiangzhou Sima ".
Apart from the "Friendship of Bai Yuan" which has been handed down for thousands of years, Yuan Zhen's half-life love affair with his wife Wei Cong is also talked about.
In the 18th year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (802), Wei Cong, the youngest daughter of Shaobao Wang Wei, married Yuan Zhen, a 24-year-old poet. At this time, Yuan Zhen was only a secretary and a provincial proofreader. It is impossible to prove why Wei agreed to this marriage, but Wei Cong, who was born in a noble family, was neither snobbish nor greedy, nor did he dislike Yuan Zhen. On the contrary, she worked hard, and her life with Yuan Zhen was warm and sweet, though not affluent. However, in Tang Xianzong Yuanhe four years (809), Wei Cong died of illness at the age of 27. At this time, Yuan Zhen, 3 1 year-old, has been promoted to supervise the empire, and a happy life is about to begin, but his wife died in the west. The poet was very sad and wrote a series of mourning poems. The most is:
The fourth of five poems about leaving thoughts
Once I tasted the vast sea, I felt that the water in other places was pale; Once you have experienced the clouds in Wushan, you feel that the clouds elsewhere are eclipsed. Hurried through the flowers, lazy to look back; This reason is partly because of the ascetic monk, and partly because of who you used to be.
No woman can replace Wei Cong and express her infinite memory of her dead wife with the most beautiful image in the world.
The second part of "Three Sorrow Poems"
I used to joke that it was behind us, but now it is in front of us as you said.
The clothes you have worn have been given away, and I can't bear to open your sewing box.
Because I miss you, I love girls very much, and many of your dreams, I will burn paper for you.
No one knows that the husband and wife will be sad, and many past memories are extremely sad.
Three Sorrow Poems was written two years after Wei Cong's death. Although Yuan Zhen took a concubine in Jiangling House in the same year, some words and deeds were different, but his feelings for Wei Cong were sincere. We can't measure everyone by the standard that Wei Wang won't remarry.
Yes, maybe we can't be as elegant as Bai Yuan, but we can learn from their sufferings and * * *; Maybe we can't have a loving lover like Wei Cong, but we can care about people around us as much as they do.