In the early years of life experience, Yuan Zhen's family studied as an official for generations. His grandfather served as Nanton Cheng, and his father, Yuan Kuan, also served as a doctor of the Ministry of War. Yuan Zhen is handsome and lovely. His parents love him very much. From the age of three or four, his father taught him to read, write and recite ancient poems. However, the good times did not last long. When Yuan Zhen was eight years old, his father died unfortunately. Brothers born to former mothers are unwilling to support their stepmother and siblings. The young mother Zheng had to leave Luoyang with her children to visit her parents in Fengxiang, and life was very difficult. The strong and virtuous mother didn't let the burden of life crush her. On the one hand, she takes care of the children's lives, on the other hand, she strengthens education. Fengxiang was an important town in the northwest of Tang Dynasty. Security was tight and society was relatively stable for some time. Yuan Zhen spent his childhood here. His mother, Zheng Xian, is knowledgeable and good at housekeeping. Bai Juyi once praised him: "Today, women are so beautiful, women's virtue is also, and the mother is also. All three are beautiful, which is the best in ancient and modern times. " Yuan Zhen himself said in Xie Shangbiao, "I lost my father at the age of eight, and my family was poor and unemployed." My mother and brother live on money, and I don't dress well and eat enough. When I was young, I had no teacher training. Because I think my neighbor is naive, I am angry that my father and brother run a school, and I want to know about poetry books. The loving mother mourned the minister and was a professor. " It can be seen that Yuan's mother not only keeps her home in good order, but also personally teaches Yuan Zhen's poetry books and shoulders the heavy responsibility of educating her children. Yuan Zhen was diligent and studious since childhood. He is not only taught directly by his mother, but also often borrows books from his neighbor's house, and then walks to his brother-in-law Lu Han's house for advice. Cousin Hu Lingzhi also taught him poetry, rhythm and archery. At the age of nine, Yuan Zhen's poems were mature and amazed his elders. Growing up among the people, he has learned something about the frontier clouds and the depression in the countryside.

Yuan Zhen was fifteen years old and served as an official in Zhenyuan, Tang Dezong for nine years (793). He was awarded by the Ming Dynasty. There were many imperial examinations in the Tang Dynasty, and the subjects that took the most examinations were Jinshi and Mingjing. But compared with the two subjects, it is also difficult, and Jinshi is more difficult. "About 1000 people got the first one." The Ming Classics Department "doubles, the first place for a thing or two", so there is a saying that "Ming Classics at the age of 30, Jinshi at the age of 50", and Jinshi in the Tang Dynasty also paid more attention to the Jinshi Department. In order to get rid of poverty and gain fame as soon as possible, Yuan Zhen chose Mingjing, a relatively easy subject, and won the first battle. However, Yuan Zhen first lived in Chang 'an and had no official. But he didn't stop studying hard. The family library provided him with extensive reading conditions, and the cultural environment in Beijing and his extensive interests cultivated his cultural literacy. In the second year, I carefully read hundreds of poems by Chen Ziang and Du Fu, and began to write many poems.

In the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan (799), 21-year-old Yuan Zhen lived in Zhou Pu, where he became an official for the first time. At this time, when the garrison was in chaos, Zhou Pu was on pins and needles. Yuan Zhen protected his distant relatives in distress with the help of his friends. Random, falling in love with your own girl. Soon, Yuan Zhen took the lead in becoming famous and returned to West Chang 'an to take the exam.

In the winter of the eighteenth year of Zhenyuan (802), Yuan Zhen took part in the imperial examination again. In the spring of the following year, Zhongshu was awarded the fourth place in excellent subjects, and was awarded secretary and provincial school book lang. In the 19th year of Zhenyuan (AD 803), 24-year-old Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi, who were eight years older than him, joined the secretariat of the provincial government and became good friends. Yuan Zhen was born in a small and medium-sized landlord family with a low family background. After becoming an official, I have the capital to get married in high school. Now he is a school bookkeeper. At this time, Yuan Zhen was in his prime of life and brilliant, so he naturally put lifelong events on the agenda. According to Han Yu's Epitaph of Yuan Fei, the wife of Wei, it is recorded: "Choose a husband to get a Yuan Fei from Henan. Qi's family began to choose the school secretary in the province, and Yuan Zhen married Wei Cong, the daughter of Wei, shortly after he awarded the school secretary. In October, father-in-law Wei approved to stay in Luoyang. Because Wei Cong is "Xie's youngest and favorite daughter", he can't give up, so Yuan Zhen and Wei Cong went to Luoyang with Wei. Yuanshi County has no house in Luoyang, and Yuan Zhen and his wife live in Zhaiweixin Lane in Du Dong.

In April of the first year of Yuanhe, Tang Xianzong, Jiangling (806), Yuan Zhen, and Bai Juyi were all physical exercise departments with both ability and learning, and Bai Yuan, too, ranked 18th, Yuan Zhen.

For the first place, left gleaning was awarded. As soon as Yuan Zhen arrived, he made a series of statements, first "teaching" (paying attention to choosing a protector for the prince), then "remonstrating" and "moving the temple", until he reached such an important issue as northwest frontier affairs, and at the same time clearly supported Pei Du's attack on the right, which attracted the attention of Xian Zong and was quickly summoned. Yuan Zhen's efforts should have been encouraged, but because of his sharp edge, he offended the powerful and caused dissatisfaction among the ministers. In September, he was demoted to Henan County Commandant. Bai Juyi was demoted as a school book boy and made a county commandant. At this time, his mother died, and Yuan Zhen was extremely sad. He stayed at home for three years. Since then, Yuan Zhen, 3 1 year-old, has been promoted to the imperial history. In the spring of Yuan He's fourth year (809), he was ordered to go to Jianchuan, Jiannan. When he first entered the officialdom, he was in high spirits and devoted himself to serving the people and the country, so he boldly played an illegal official and rehabilitated many unjust cases, which was widely welcomed and highly praised by the people. Bai Juyi even wrote a poem for him, "His heart is like a lung stone, and his deeds will reach the poor, and eighty households in Dongchuan will express their grievances." This move violated the interests of the old bureaucratic class and the buffer region group in the DPRK, and soon they found an opportunity to send Yuan Zhen abroad-to work for Dongtai. Dongtai is the censorate of Luoyang, the eastern capital, with the intention of crowding him out. Even under such pressure, Yuan Zhen still adhered to the principle of being an official at the beginning and enforced the law impartially. In the fourth year of Yuanhe (809), when his career was frustrated, his wife Wei Cong, who was a clever woman, died in her prime. Wei Cong's death hit Yuan Zhen hard, and he often couldn't sleep at night. Because it is difficult to get rid of the pain, Yuan Zhen wrote a famous mourning poem-"Three Sorrow".

In the fifth year of Yuanhe (8 10), Yuan Zhen was recalled in Henan (after Fang Jianguo) and was fined for playing silver. After passing through Huazhou Fushui Post Station, he stayed in the post office, which coincides with eunuchs Shiliang Zhou and Liu Shiyuan who also want to stay in the post office. Yuan Zhen argued, but was scolded by Chou Shiliang. Liu Shiyuan even came forward to beat Yuan Zhen with a whip, beating him bloody, and was finally kicked out of class. Later, on the grounds of "Yuan Zhen's demotion to tree power and loss of constitutional body", he was demoted to join the army and became Cao, a teacher of Jiangling. Since then, he has lived in exile for more than ten years.

Secondly, Yuan Zhen, who was demoted to Tongzhou, was demoted to Man Jing for nearly ten years because of his outstanding talent and generous personality. Then Bai Juyi was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima and Yuan Zhen moved to Tongzhou Sima. Although Tongzhou and Jiangzhou are far apart, they can answer each other, with poems ranging from 30 to 50 to 100 rhyme. In Jiangnan, the way of satirical recitation by the post office has been spread to the palace, and people in the alley recite to each other, resulting in expensive paper in the market. From this poem, we can know that his exile is sad.

In the first month of the 10th year of Yuanhe (AD 8 15), Yuan Zhen, then 37, was sent back to North Korea with a letter, thinking that there was much to be done. Passing by Lanqiao Post, I wrote poems for my friends Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan with similar fates. When I arrived in Beijing, I sang with Bai Juyi's poems and wine, and I was in high spirits. Yuan Zhen collected the works of his poetry friends, and planned to compile "Poems of Bai Yuan Returning to China". However, the manuscript was not completed, but he was suddenly exiled to Yuanzhou with Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan. In March of the 10th year of Yuanhe (8 15), Yuan Zhen rode to Tongzhou and became the Sima of Tongzhou. Living in Tongzhou, where "it is rare for birds to fly in the daytime, but tigers to roar at night" ("Poetry Appreciates Your Pleasure, Knowing Tongzhou, Because of Four Poems"), he "died of an old disease" and suffered from malaria, which almost killed him. Go to Xingyuanju, Shannan West Road for medical treatment. In poverty and hardship, poets can only express their feelings with poetry and comfort each other with friendship. In Tongzhou, he finished his most influential Yuefu poem "Lianchanggong Ci" and more than 65,438+080 songs with Bai Juyi.

With the amnesty of Pinghuai, Xihou and their old friends Cui Qun, Li and Pei Du, Yuan Zhen's long-term political repression was gradually changed. In the 13th year of Yuanhe (8 18), Yuan Zhen has been acting as the agent of Tongzhou secretariat, and was transferred to Guo secretariat at the end of the year. In the winter of the 14th year of Yuanhe (8 19), Tang Xianzong called Yuan Zhen back to Beijing as a member of the catering department.

Lang. Prime Minister Ling Huchu deeply admired his poems, "thinking that this generation is Bao,". In the fifteenth year of Yuanhe (820), after Tang Muzong ascended the throne, Yuan Zhen, on the recommendation of Prime Minister Duan Wenchang, awarded a doctor and an imperial edict to the ancestral temple. When Tang Muzong was a prince, he liked Yuan Zhen's poems. At this time, he was particularly valued, and he was often summoned to talk about military affairs and northwest affairs, so that he could have a plan. A few months later, he was promoted to the position of Chinese Book Sheren, a bachelor of Hanlin, and Li Deyu and Shen Li, who were already in imperial academy at that time, were both famous for their knowledge and talents, and were called "Three Handsome" (Biography of Shen Li in Old Tang Dynasty). At the same time of his rapid promotion, Yuan Zhen fell into a sharp and complicated vortex of political struggle, and a bitter feud with Li Zongmin broke out, sowing the seeds of party struggle. Soon, due to misunderstanding and other reasons, Pei Du impeached Yuan Zhen to establish diplomatic relations with Wei Hong, and Yuan Zhen was dismissed as assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry. In the spring of the following year, Yuan Zhen and Pei Du successively became phase. In the struggle between Tang Dynasty and local warlords, Yuan Zhen actively quelled the riots and planned to use double spies to suppress the rebellion. Li, who coveted the position of prime minister, colluded with eunuchs and sent people to plot to falsely accuse Yuan Zhen of stabbing Pei Du to death. Although the truth came out later, Yuan and Pei were dismissed at the same time. Yuan Zhen is the secretariat of the same state. In the third year of Changqing (823), he was transferred to the secretariat of East Zhejiang and Yuezhou. In the year of Bao Li Yuan in Tang Jingzong (825), Yuan Zhen ordered seven states to build ponds to build water conservancy and develop agriculture. During his six years in eastern Zhejiang, Yuan Zhen achieved remarkable results and won the hearts of the people. Four demoted Wuchang Tang Wenzong Yamato three years (829) in September, Yuan Zhen into the DPRK as Zuo Cheng, Shangshu Province. Being in an important position, he has the conditions to promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages. He regained the spirit of admonishing officials, determined to rectify official management and eliminate bureaucracy, and demoted seven lang officials accused by public opinion from Beijing. However, due to Yuan Zhen's improper conduct, people were dissatisfied. Prime Minister Wang Bo died suddenly, Li Zongmin returned to power, and Yuan Zhen was excluded. In the first month of the fourth year of Daiwa (830), Yuan Zhen was forced to be the minister of the school's household department, and also served as the secretariat of Ezhou, the ancient imperial adviser and the Wuchang army. In the fifth year of Daiwa (83 1), he suddenly fell ill on July 22nd and died in the town hall one day later at the age of 53. After his death, he was posthumously awarded the right servant of Shangshu, and Bai Juyi wrote an epitaph for him.

The main achievement is the official study of shulang.

In the 19th year of Zhenyuan, both Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi won the Book Excellence Award, and they were merged into the Secretary Province as school librarians.

Left pickup

In April of the first year of Yuanhe in Tang Xianzong (AD 806), both Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi were famous for their talents and knowledge. Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi were the same, and Yuan Zhen was named as a left-handed. Because of his sharp-edged and straightforward writing style, he was demoted to Henan County Commandant in September.

Supervision examiner

In the fourth year of Yuanhe (AD 809), Yuan Zhen, who was 3 1 year old, was promoted to the imperial history. The following spring, he was ordered to go to Jianchuan, Jiannan.

His literary masterpieces include Chrysanthemum, Five Poems of Leaving Thoughts (Part IV), Three Poems of Sorrow, Rabbit Silk, He Pei School Book, A Crane Flying, Night Pond, Feeling for the Past (East Zhejiang), Late Spring, Poor Living in Jing 'an, and Sending to Use. Among them, Chrysanthemum, Five Thoughts Poems (Part II) and Three Sorrow Poems (Part II) are widely circulated. This poem has been written for a long time, and I don't think about its content. Since then, I have never had any thoughts about other women, because I once met my lover ("too lazy to look back"). Bi Xing's poem "Once the sea was difficult for water, it was always amber" is very popular because of its fantastic language and hazy artistic conception. However, "Three Mourning Poems" expresses endless thoughts about his dead wife, so sad that people can't help but sympathize with tears. Among them, the ending sentence of the second poem "but not as those who have been poor together know" is familiar to the world. Wei's Collection has the same name as Juyi's Changqing. This collection of poems consists of 28 volumes (396-423 volumes of all Tang poems).

Literary features: Yuan Zhen's poetry and prose are both excellent. There are more than 30 volumes of articles in Yuan Zhen's collected works, which should be prepared in various forms, and sometimes there are masterpieces.

Yuefu poetry occupies a large proportion in Yuan poetry. Yuan Zhen's Twelve Poems of Yuefu with New Topics by Li School and Li Yu's Poems of Ancient Yuefu (19) are both listed as Yuefu of Yuan Poetry, which has the meaning of allegory and everlasting regret. Its details describe beauty and nature. The most distinctive poems in Yuan Dynasty are colourful poems and mourning poems.

Yuan Zhen also made some achievements in prose and legend. He was the first person to write letters in ancient Chinese, which made his handwriting beautiful and imitated by others. His Biography of Yingying (also known as Hui Zhenji) tells the tragic love story between Zhang Sheng and Cui Yingying, with beautiful writing and meticulous description, which is a famous piece in tang legends. Later generations of drama writers created many dramas with story characters as their themes, such as Dong Jieyuan's The West Chamber and Wang Shifu's The West Chamber in Yuan Dynasty. Yuan Zhen compiled his own poems and collected them with friends. Today, Chen Yinque has Poems, Bian has Chronicle of Yuan Zhen, Zhou has Collation of Yuan Zhen and Yuan Zhen.

Yuan Zhen admired Du Fu's poems, and his poetic theory changed from Du Fu to Du Fu. In the plain and bright style, it presents gorgeous beauty, strong colors, twists and turns and vivid details. It is the same as Liu Meng's and Li Yu's 19 ancient Yuefu poems, and it is also classified as Yuefu in Yuan Zhen, which has the same meaning as Song of Eternal Sorrow. He is good at writing the love between men and women, and his description is meticulous and vivid, which is different from the description of ordinary colourful poems. Mourning poems were written in memory of his wife, Wei Cong. Among them, three mourning poems are the most widely circulated. In the form of poetry, Yuan Zhen is the founder of "paying with rhyme". "Appreciating Lotte" in Hanlin's Appreciating Bai Xueshi and Southeast Poems is to reuse the original rhyme of white poems in turn, with the same rhyme but different meanings. This practice of "paying for two rhymes" had a great influence at that time, and it was also prone to abuse.

Yuefu poetry plays an important role in Yuan poetry. His Twelve Poems of Yuefu, a New Title of School Texts, and The One Who Worries Especially When Sick, inspired the creation of New Yuefu, which has certain practical significance. The disadvantage is that the theme is not focused enough and the image is not clear enough. As well as Liu Meng's and Li Yu's 19 ancient Yuefu poems, we can use ancient poems to create new meanings, with profound themes, concentrated descriptions and powerful performances. The long narrative poem Lian Chang Gong Ci was also classified as Yuefu in Yuan Dynasty, which was intended to contain irony. He is good at writing the love between men and women, and his description is meticulous and vivid, which is different from the description of ordinary colourful poems. Mourning poems were written in memory of his wife, Wei Cong. Among them, three mourning poems are the most widely circulated. In the form of poetry, Yuan Zhen is the founder of "paying with rhyme". "Appreciating Lotte" in Hanlin's Appreciating Bai Xueshi and Southeast Poems is to reuse the original rhyme of white poems in turn, with the same rhyme but different meanings. This practice of "paying for two rhymes" had a great influence at that time, and it was also prone to abuse. Yuan Zhen compiled his own poems and collected them with friends. This anthology, Changqing Collection of Yuanshi County, contains poems, edicts, remonstrances, etc. *** 100 volumes. For the deeds, see Biography of Old and New Books of Tang Dynasty.

Character evaluation Li Zhao once said in "Tang Shi Supplement": "After Yuanhe, the study of poetry chapters was shallower than that of Bai Juyi, and the study of * * * was in Yuan Zhen."

Li Kan said: "Since Yuanhe experienced pain, there have been poets in Bai Yuan. They are neither elegant nor elegant, and most of them have been destroyed by them. Wandering among the people, neglecting the screen wall, parents of children, professors, foul language, Leng Xia fever in winter, people's bones and muscles, can not be removed. "

Du Mu's Epitaph of the Inspector of Lu Junjie in Tang Dynasty: At that time, Chang 'an teenagers imitated each other and tried to make new words, calling themselves Yuanhe style poems.

Bai Juyi's "Reward Micro": "Bel Canto knocks on the cold jade, and every sentence is decorated with colorful silk." The poem "Re-sending Micro-Poems" says: Poetry is changeable and new in style, and it is self-evident: people call it the law of thousands of words, or several yuan. "Unfinished thoughts are added to the six rhymes": "From Changqing to ancient times".

Cang Hua: "Harmony is the most harmful poem, and the ancients sang different rhymes. This wind first flourished in Pilu, Bai Yuan, and it was contested by sages, so it was called round trip. "

"Tangyin Shenti" Volume 15: "If you want it, Bai Yuan will be the swan song and Yuefu will be the first; Long rhyme poems are second; Seven words and four rhymes are second. "

"The Yi Zhuan of Baiju in the Old Tang Dynasty" said: "Yuan's strategy, white discussion, the pot of articles, the root of chaos."

Wang Ruoxu's Su Shinan Dialect: "Love leads to the end of the song and enters the liver and spleen."

Chen Yinque's Notes on Bai Yuan's Poems: "Expressing the sadness and joy of men and women's life and death with unparalleled talent, its sadness and lingering are not only rare in Tang poetry, but also have great influence on later literati."

Chen Yin branded it in the fourth chapter of Shi Hua Yan Shi Mourning Poems, and pointed out more clearly with Reading Biography of Yingying that it is a self-reported work of Wei, and its so-called pen name is undoubtedly true.

Lu Xun said in The Legend of the Tang Dynasty, the ninth chapter of A Brief History of Chinese Novels: "Yingying's story was told by Cui Hezhang, and Yuan Zhen was told by Zhang Huo, telling his personal experience."

Historical records record the article 1 16 of Old Tang Biography.

Ninety-ninth of Biography of the New Tang Dynasty

The anecdote "Bai Yuan" Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen were famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. Their poetic theories are similar, and * * * advocates a new Yuefu, forming close friends, and the world will

They are also called "Bai Yuan". There are often poems between them. Even if they live in a different place, they often write to each other. They invented the "poem delivery mailbox". Once, Yuan Zhen was sent to Dongchuan, and Bai Juyi went to Ji 'an with his good friend Li Jian. During the dinner, he missed Yuan Zhen, so he wrote "Remembering Yuan Zhen with Li Shiyi": "I was drunk when I spent flowers, and I was drunk to make wine. I suddenly remembered my old friend, went to heaven, and went to Liangzhou today. "

At a time when Yuan Zhen, who was in Liangzhou, was also missing Bai Juyi, he wrote a "Liangzhou Dream" on the same night:

"Dream jun wandering around Qujiang head, but also for the sake of the hospital's kindness. The official of the museum called the horse to send it, and suddenly he was surprised in Guliangzhou. "

Later, both of them were successively demoted and placed in other places as officials. So they often contact, encourage and comfort each other. As Bai Juyi said, they are "friends in literature and enemies in poetry" all their lives, and their friendship is profound. Bai Juyi wrote in a poem: "You write my poems all over the temple and walls, and I write your sentences all over the screen;" When I met you, I knew where the duckweed with two leaves was in the sea. "

Bai Juyi commented on Yuan Zhen's saying that "only Yuan Jun gains, but he knows it is difficult to make friends", and said that their friendship is "one is a friend with one heart and the other is the age of incense." Ride a pommel horse and have a drink in the snow. Meet at the cross gate, without a crown. Sleep in the spring breeze and watch the autumn moon at night. Not for the same degree, not for the same officer If you are close, you will be square, and there is no heresy in your heart. "Yuan Zhen's concern for Bai Juyi is even more condensed into an eternal masterpiece" Wenle Tiancai Jiangzhou Sima ".

The original match between Yuan Zhen and Yingying Yuan Zhen was Wei Cong. Before marrying Wei Shi, she had an affair with a woman named Yingying. As for Yingying, Yuan Zhen's Biography of Yingying (also known as Huizhenji) is the most widely circulated, and Yingying Biography became the blueprint of Wang Shifu's The West Chamber.

In the 15th year of Tang Zhenyuan (799), Yuan Zhen held a small post in yongji city, Shaanxi Province, which was far away from her family.

The girl who kissed Cui (in the legendary novel Yingying Biography) fell in love. Cui Yingying is both talented and handsome, and rich, but after all, he has no power, which is far from Yuan Zhen's ideal marriage. According to the Jinshi system in the Tang Dynasty, the best Jinshi had to pass the official examination before they could formally appoint an official position, so Yuan Zhen took an examination in Beijing in the 16th year of Zhenyuan (800). Since entering Beijing to take the exam, Yuan Zhen has won the appreciation of Wei and New Beijing for his outstanding literary talent, and made friends with the children of Wei men. As a result, he learned that Wei Cong, Wei's daughter, had not been betrothed to others, and realized that this was an excellent opportunity to embark on the road and climb the peak. In the 19th year of Zhenyuan (803), Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi entered the secretary province and served as school clerks. Yuan Zhen, who was eager to be an official, considered that although Cui Yingying had both talent and beauty, he didn't help his career progress much, so he weighed the gains and losses and finally abandoned Yingying and married Wei Cong.

Maybe it's the condemnation of conscience, maybe it's the unforgettable memory of the first love Cui Yingying. So many years later, Yuan Zhen took his first love as the prototype and created the legendary novel Yingying Biography, which is the predecessor of The West Chamber. In the Biography of Yingying, Yuan Zhen wrote at the beginning: "In Tang Zhenyuan, there was Zhang Sheng, gentle and delicate." When I was traveling in Pu, I protected my widowed and frail cousin Cui during the mutiny and looting, and met my cousin. Cui Yingying's beauty of "hanging on his face and blushing" and "colorful, brilliant and moving" made Zhang fall in love with him at once. Later, with the help of Yingying's maid matchmaker, Zhang Sheng and Yingying met privately in the West Building and became sexual relations. Since then, Yingying "hides early and hides late" and has a private meeting with Zhang Sheng. Zhang Sheng in Yingying Biography is actually a story of Yuan Zhen himself and Cui Yingying, and Zhang Sheng lives for Yuan Zhen himself.

Mr. Lu Xun said in A Brief History of Chinese Novels: "Yuan Zhen lived beside Zhang Sheng and described his personal experience." Yuan Zhen also wrote "I am lazy to look back on flowers, half-repairing and half-mending", which means that he has no attachment to other women, and there is no woman who can make himself emotional except Jun.

Yuan Zhen and Wei Cong Yuan Zhen's half-life relationship with his wife Wei Cong is deeply talked about by people. Yuan Zhen once left a famous saying, "Once the sea is difficult, it will always be amber", which was written by Yuan Zhen in memory of his late wife Wei. In the 18th year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (802), Wei Cong, the youngest daughter of Shaobao Wang Wei, married Yuan Zhen, a 24-year-old poet. There are many political factors in this marriage. Yuan Zhen, then 24, failed in the imperial examination. However, Wei admired Yuan Zhen's talent and thought that he had a bright future, so he betrothed his youngest daughter to him, and Yuan Zhen got a chance to climb up through this marriage. However, their marriage is full of love and affection. With Wei Cong's family background, marrying Yuan Zhen was like a heavenly girl to Yuan Zhen at that time. She is not only virtuous and dignified, but also familiar with poetry and prose. More importantly, she was born rich, but not rich or vain. Judging from several poems left by Yuan Zhen at that time, it was the time when he was frustrated and down and out. Wei Cong came to this poor family from a rich family, but she has no regrets. She tried her best to take care of her husband and was indifferent to the poverty of life. Yuan Zhen thought this was just a way of political promotion, but he didn't expect Wei Cong to be such a gentle woman and such an understanding wife. As the old saying goes, Yuan Zhen's reading is useless. After getting married, she was busy with exams, and Wei Cong did all the housework at home. Before marriage, she was the daughter of a big family, and her father loved her. Wei Cong's virtuous can be imagined, so after several years, Yuan Zhen always couldn't help thinking of his poor wife Wei Cong.

In the fourth year of Yuanhe in Tang Xianzong (809), Wei Cong died at the age of 27. At this time, Yuan Zhen, 3 1 year-old, has been promoted to supervise the imperial history, and a happy life is about to begin, but his beloved wife has passed away, and the poet is extremely sad. When Wei Congying was buried, Yuan Zhen could not go in person because he was involved in supervising the affairs of Dongtai, so he wrote a painful eulogy in advance and asked someone to read it before Wei Congying. But even so, on the day of burial, Yuan Zhen couldn't help it, so he wrote three more mourning poems, which are the most famous "three mourning" (that is, "three mourning"). Yuan Zhen has always had deep thoughts and unforgettable sadness for his wife. Wei Cong accompanied him for seven years, but left him when his career was about to rise. What Yuan Zhen can do is to pay homage to his dead wife and write his thoughts in poems. "This is a sorrow that all mankind must know, but it is not as people who have been poor together know." Poor couples are always like this. Although they love each other, they can't make their loved ones happier because of poor material conditions. Wei Conghui will remain in the hearts of future readers forever because of several groups of affectionate poems.

The love between Xue Tao, a talented woman in the Tang Dynasty, and Yuan Zhen, a famous poet, was one of the most famous loves in the literary and art circles in the middle Tang Dynasty. Although this love ended in vain, it was even more memorable because there was no result.

Xue Tao was a famous poetess in the Tang Dynasty, and her Xue Taojian has been handed down to this day. She is brilliant and beautiful, not only intelligent and poetic, but also full of political mind. Although I am a musician, my heart is higher than the sky. I despise those corrupt officials. In March of the 4th year of Tang Yuanhe (809), Yuan Zhen, a poet who was at the peak of his power at that time, was ordered to be a local consultant. He had already heard the name of Xue Tao, a poet in the middle of Shu, so he specially asked her to meet him in Zizhou after arriving in the middle of Shu. As soon as Xue Tao saw Yuan Zhen, he was attracted by the handsome appearance and outstanding talent of this young poet who was only 3 1 year old. The two discussed poetry and politics, and their friendship gradually deepened. With the support of Xue Tao, Yuan Zhencan was severely punished as a rich and heartless Dongchuan, thus offending powerful people and moving from Sichuan to Luoyang. Since then, the two people have separated, and the mountain has been separated forever.

Separation is inevitable, and Xue Tao is helpless. To her delight, she soon received a letter from Yuan Zhen with deep affection. Old Yan separated, and their feelings were far apart. At this time, there is only one poem that can repose her lovesickness. Xue Tao is addicted to writing stationery. She likes to write four quatrains, but she often writes only eight sentences in regular poems, so she often thinks that the paper used to write poems is too big. So she transformed the local paper-making process, dyed the paper pink and cut it into delicate narrow strips, which were especially suitable for writing love letters and were called Xue Tao strips. A gifted scholar is affectionate and romantic, but Xue Tao's thoughts about him are unforgettable. She was full of bitterness and longing, and gathered into a famous sentence "Poetry of Spring Hope" that has been told through the ages.

Because the age difference between them is too big, Yuan Zhen, who is 3 1 year old, is a man's prime of life, and Xue Tao is even more charming 1 1 year old. In addition, more importantly, Xue Tao's musical background is equivalent to a prostitute, which has only a negative effect on Yuan Zhen's career, but no positive energy. For these, Xue Tao can understand, don't regret, very calm, there is no general little girl that kind of lovelorn and suicidal manner. So Xue Tao took off his favorite red dress and put on a gray cassock, and life changed from fiery to indifferent. There is still a lot of traffic and people coming and going next to Huanhuaxi, but her heart is stuck in a clean place.

Future generations pay tribute to the Yuan Zhen Memorial Hall.

Yuan Zhen Memorial Hall is located halfway up the Phoenix Mountain, facing Dacheng and backed by the mountain. The main building of the memorial hall is a two-story imitation Tang style, with a square of 2000 square meters, a bluestone ladder and a relief guardrail. The whole memorial hall is simple and refreshing.

When you enter the Yuan Zhen Memorial Hall, the first thing you see is the statue of Yuan Zhen and the long narrative poem "Lotus Palace Ci" written by Yuan Zhen when he was relegated to Dazhou. The main exhibition area of the memorial hall-the legacy of Yuan Zhen is divided into four exhibition areas: Yuan Zhen's life, Yuan Zhen's literary achievements, Yuan Zhen and Tongzhou and their influence and inheritance.