Shenzhou VI manned spacecraft is one of China shenzhou spaceship series. Shenzhou VI is a three-cabin structure, which consists of a propulsion module, a return module and an orbital module. Its weight is basically maintained at about 8 tons, and it was launched by the Long March II F carrier rocket.

It is the second spacecraft carrying astronauts in China and the first manned spacecraft in China to carry out the "multi-person flight" mission. This is also the 243rd space flight of mankind in the world.

Second, the development of Shenzhou VI:

1, 2005 10, 1 1.

22: 15—22: 17 astronauts enter the spaceship.

At 22: 53, the door of Shenzhou VI return cabin was closed.

2.2005 June 65438+1October 65438+February

At 00: 27, the operating support of the rocket launch tower was fully opened.

0 1:00:00 Long March II F rocket ignition

Shenzhou VI launch

0 1:02:03 (after ignition 120 seconds) The rocket abandoned the escape tower.

0 1:02: 19 (after ignition 136 seconds) rocket booster separation

0 1:02:42 (after ignition 159 seconds), the first stage and the second stage of the rocket separate, and the first stage rocket falls.

0 1:03:23 (200th second after ignition) The fairing is separated at the height of 1 10 km.

0 1:09:43 (583rd second after ignition) The spacecraft and the rocket were successfully separated at an altitude of about 200km.

0 1:09:52 Shenzhou VI entered the scheduled orbit.

At 07: 56, the Shenzhou VI spacecraft changed its orbit.

3. June 65438+10/October 65438+March 2005

02: 10 astronauts conducted on-orbit anti-jamming test.

18:2 1 Roy 1, Roy No.2 and Roy No.3 have deteriorated.

2 1:56 The first orbit maintenance after the orbit change of Shenzhou VI.

4. June 65438+10/October 65438+May 2005

The astronauts talked with the people of China and President Hu Jintao.

5. June 65438+10/October 65438+June 2005

18:40 Shenzhou VI entered the 76th flight around the earth, over the monitoring and control area of Qingdao Station.

18:44 Shenzhou VI returns the command to unlock.

19: 10 Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center signed a dispatch to announce that the return tracking has entered 30 minutes of preparation.

Shenzhou VI is flying over the South Pacific.

The solar panels in the propulsion module are vertically zeroed.

19:42 Wang Yuan No.3 survey ship captured the signal of Shenzhou VI.

19: 43 ——19: 48 Wang Yuan No.3 has carried out a series of key controls on Shenzhou VI, such as attitude adjustment, separation of orbital module and return flight, braking and ignition, and Shenzhou VI successfully entered the scheduled return orbit.

19:43 Wang Yuan No.3 issued an instruction to Shenzhou VI, and Shenzhou VI's first posture adjustment began.

The orbital module and the return module were successfully separated.

19:45, the engine of the propulsion cabin is ignited and the voyage begins.

19:48:29 The propulsion module orbit control engine is turned off and flies out of the measurement and control section of Wangyuan No.3 survey ship.

19:52 The return capsule flew over the African continent and headed for China.

At 20: 02, the return capsule flew over South Asia, and the astronauts reported that the spacecraft was working normally and felt good.

At 20: 07, the propulsion module and the return module were successfully separated.

At 20: 00 13, the return capsule entered the communication interruption area.

At 20: 00 16, the spacecraft was discovered by the landing site measurement and control equipment.

At 20: 19, the main umbrella cover of the return cabin was opened.

At 20: 20, take off the deceleration umbrella and open the main umbrella, so that the helicopter can see the target visually.

At 20: 23, the anti-heat outsole of the return capsule was successfully thrown away.

At 20: 33, the return capsule landed successfully.

2 1:04 return cabin door opened.

Two astronauts, Fei and Nie Haisheng, left the capsule.

Third, the improvement of Shenzhou VI:

It can be roughly summarized into four aspects:

1, around the improvement of two-person multi-day mission.

1) prepared enough or even extra astronaut consumables, including food, water, sleeping bags, etc. The food cabinet was put in the orbital module, which was empty before. According to the water consumption of one and a half thermos bottles per person per day, astronauts' water is prepared in two ways: water tank and separate soft packaging.

2) The environmental control capability of the cockpit is improved. A person exhales nearly a liter of water a day. Shenzhou VI improved the ability to condense water vapor, expanded the condensation water tank, and put water-absorbing materials on all exposed pipes to ensure that the humidity of the spacecraft was controlled below 80%. Oxygen, temperature and humidity in the cabin can be automatically sensed and adjusted.

2. Improve the function and use of the orbital module. Astronauts have many necessities, such as food heating devices and tableware. There is a sleeping bag hanging in the orbital module for two astronauts to take turns to rest. In weightlessness, people can actually sleep in the air, but considering the habits of people on the ground, sleeping bags artificially create a kind of "bed" feeling, otherwise astronauts may have the illusion of rolling in the deep when sleeping. There is also a special cleaning cabinet in the orbital module, and astronauts can clean it with items such as wet wipes. This is the first time to use the urine collector.

3. Improvements to improve the safety of astronauts. The astronaut seat of the return capsule is designed with landing buffer function, which is to ensure the safety of astronauts when the thrust rocket fails. In the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, only the seat on which Yang Liwei was seated has the landing buffer function, and there is a small defect, that is, it is difficult for astronauts to see the situation outside the porthole before returning. Shenzhou VI redesigned the buffer and carried out repeated tests with the whole ship. The three tests dropped from the tower and the plane were successful every time. If the hatch between the return module and the orbital module is not tightly closed when returning, it will threaten the safety of astronauts. Three astronauts were killed in Russia. Shenzhou VI researchers have successfully developed a quick and automatic inspection device for cabin door seal, and developed a special rag for several months, which does not produce fiber, static electricity and odor, and is specially used for cleaning cabin doors.

4. Continuous improvement. China's manned spaceflight project was officially launched in 1992, and it has been 13 years. Some parts and raw materials originally used on the spacecraft are no longer produced, and some technologies are a bit outdated. Shenzhou VI made some daily continuous improvements. For example, the "black box" from Shenzhou I to Shenzhou 5 was developed in 1994, with a storage capacity of only 10 trillion. At present, the storage capacity of the black box is not only 100 times larger than the original, but also the data reading and writing speed is increased by more than 10 times, but the volume is less than half of the original.