A map is a kind of map, which means the base of a car, used to carry objects. Because there are mountains, towns and four features on the map, the ancients called the map a map, geography a geography, and even geomantic omen a geography.
In the 3rd century A.D., Pei Xiu of the Western Jin Dynasty drew a regional map of Gong Yu with a "six-body map", which is the earliest recorded historical map of China.
It is an ordinary historical atlas, showing the general situation of history and geography from the legendary Dayu era to the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty.
Du Yu's later "Spring and Autumn League Meeting Map" is the earliest special historical map.
In the seventeenth year of Tang Zhenyuan (80 1), Jia Dan's Yi Tu of Flowers in the Sea was three feet wide and three feet high. Its content can be traced back to Shangshu Gong Yu, covering the territory of the Tang Dynasty and its neighboring countries.
It is a historical map that pioneered the double-color annotation method of "Today and Zhu".
The above map has been lost.
Forty-four maps of geographical fingers drawn by the Northern Song Dynasty tax ceremony began in Di Ku and ended in the Northern Song Dynasty. There are still books published in the Song and Ming Dynasties.
This is the earliest existing historical atlas in China.
At the beginning of the 20th century, with the assistance of his master, Yang Shoujing compiled and published the Maps of Past Dynasties, which consists of 44 groups and 34 volumes. Taking the unified map of the Qing Dynasty as the base map, the important place names from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Ming Dynasty are included, all of which are overprinted by Zhu Mo, which is more accurate, detailed and practical than the previous atlas.
Yang Shoujing's Notes on Shui Jing (published in 1905) is the most important historical map of China.
There are more historical maps of China that have been circulated for at least 1700 years than those of other countries, and their level is also higher than that of similar maps of other countries in the same period, but there are the following shortcomings: ① lack of accurate geographical maps as base maps; (2) It only includes the administrative areas of the Central Plains Dynasty, and the border areas are extremely brief or blank; ③ Except for a few maps, the scale is too small and the capacity is limited; ④ The content is mainly about the evolution of land administrative divisions, but less about physical geography and other human geography; ⑤ According to the literature, there is little actual surveying and mapping.
The Atlas of Chinese History, edited by A Herman, published in 1930s, includes not only the administrative divisions of past dynasties, but also the distribution map of prehistoric sites and some important city maps.
The Atlas of Chinese History, edited by Tan Qixiang, published in 1980s, not only makes up for the defects of previous maps, but also has much richer contents than the old ones.
At the same time, Taiwan Province Province published the Historical Map of China edited by Cheng Guangyu and Xu Shengmo (1980, 1984).
The starting point and development of compiling historical maps in different countries are different, and great progress has been made so far.
World historical map
① General historical map.
There are Britain's Muir Historical Atlas (1956) and The Times World Historical Atlas (1978), France's La Ruse World Historical Atlas (1978), and the Soviet Union's Atlas of Soviet History Teaching (No./kloc Volume 3, 1950), American Atlas of World History (1976), German Atlas of World History (Volume 1,1976; Volume II 1978), World Historical Atlas of Italy (198 1), Historical Atlas of Africa (1985), Historical Atlas of South Asia (1978) and Historical Map of Japan.
Among them, The Times Atlas of World History in Britain has a great influence. More than 0 versions of 10 have been translated, and the Chinese version was published in 1982 (see photo).
It is a large-scale atlas of world history since ancient times, including paper, maps, tables and maps. The paper is not only an explanation of the map, but also a high summary of history.
The details of the atlas are not enough, and there are still many places in China that need to be revised and improved.
② Special historical map.
There are World Archaeological Atlas (1975), Soviet Party History Atlas (1976) and World War I Atlas (1970).