In the second stage of the Han-Hungarian all-out war, the Western Han Dynasty launched a positive counterattack against the Huns. In the fourth year of the founding of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (1 19 BC), Huo Qubing led an army more than 2,000 miles north, crossed the river from the back hill, fought against Xiongnu Zuo Jun, annihilated 70,443 people, and captured Huntun Touwang and other three people and generals. This is the famous story of "sealing the wolf to live in Xu" in history, and it has also become the highest glory of ancient generals.

"History of Han Xiongnu Biography" records: "Tickets rode more than 2,000 miles and fought against Zuo Wang. The Han soldiers captured more than 70,000 people, and the left king will all flee. The ticket was sealed in the wolf's house in Xushan, which is for Zen and Gu Yan, and it is still in Hanhai. "

General Dou Xian and Geng Bing in Eastern Han Dynasty

In the 3rd year of Yongyuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty (9 1), General Dou Xian and General Geng Bing went deep into the desert for 3,000 miles (1500 kilometers), and wiped out the Xiongnu in Jinwei Mountain (Altai Mountain on the border between China and Mongolia), completely solving the Xiongnu scourge that lasted for about 300 years in the Han Dynasty. The vast sea mentioned in the history books is today's Lake Baikal.

Ming dynasty general sapphire

In the twenty-first year of Hongwu (1388), Zhu Yuanzhang worshipped aquamarine as a general and led a 150,000-strong army to conquer the Northern Yuan. In April this year, the Ming army arrived in Yuhai (now Lake Baikal), defeated the main force of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, and captured more than 77,000 slaves, concubines and princesses 100, including more than 77,000 men and women, as well as precious seals, gold medals and gold and silver seals, and horses, camels, cattle and sheep150,000 horses. Timur of Tuogu Temple went to the old capital and forest of Mongolia. At this point, Beiyuan was devastated. The good news reached Yingtianfu, Beijing (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), and the whole country celebrated. Zhu Yuanzhang was overjoyed and wanted to make aquamarine Liang Gong. Later, because I heard that Aquamarine had a bad record of forcing Yuan Fei to rape, I changed Liang to "Liang" and named him Liang Gong. In the imperial edict, Zhu Yuanzhang praised Aquamarine as Wei Qing of the Han Dynasty and Li Jing of the Tang Dynasty. (Note: There are two theories about aquamarine's northern expedition to Yutanghai in Mobei. One is Lake Baikal, and the other is lake bell in Hulunbeier Grassland, Inner Mongolia. )

The territory around Lake Baikal was finally abandoned during the Kang Yong period of the Qing Dynasty. In the Sino-Russian Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar, Emperor Kangxi officially confirmed that the territory east of Lake Baikal belonged to Russia, and later Yong Zhengdi signed the Treaty of Brinsky and the Treaty of Chaktu with Russia, finally confirming that the area around Lake Baikal belonged to czar Russia.

In fact, China did not have a modern concept of territorial sovereignty in ancient times, nor did it draw a clear line with its neighbors. At that time, it was in a state of "no borders". Why? Because "the land under heaven is not the king's land, and the coast of the land is not the king's minister", all the land under heaven belongs to the son of heaven, and all the people under heaven are the subjects of the son of heaven. Why do you want to demarcate? Huo Qubing and Aquamarine both arrived in Lake Baikal, but they released their horses and came back. Just make sure that the place won't be chaotic again. There is no need to draw a line.

Of course, there is no need to criticize the predecessors for Kangxi and Yongzheng giving up the territory of Lake Baikal, because after signing the Brinsky Treaty and the Chaktu Treaty at that time, in the eyes of the Qing emperor, Russia was finally brought into its own vassal system. When Russian envoys came to Beijing to do tribute trade, they had to kneel down to the Qing emperor three times and knock nine times. Officials in the Qing Dynasty believed that Russian envoys were vassals (in fact, Russians came to do trade). ), so there is no need to fight Russia again.