1August 9, 937, Japan started a war with the Hongqiao incident. /kloc-On June 3rd, 0/3, the Japanese army launched an attack on Shanghai, and the China army rose to resist, and the Battle of Songhu started. At the beginning of the battle, the Japanese army was on the defensive; After August 23, the war expanded rapidly and the Japanese army turned to attack. On September 30th, the Japanese army launched a general attack. 1October 5, 165438, Japanese troops landed in Hangzhou Bay. On June 30th, Shanghai fell and the fighting ended. This battle caused serious losses to the Japanese army, broke Japan's dream of destroying China for three months, improved people's anti-Japanese enthusiasm and confidence in victory, and won time for coastal industries to move inland.

32. Battle of Taiyuan

The battle of Taiyuan includes? Tianzhen Campaign, Pingxingguan Campaign, Xinkou Campaign, Niangziguan Campaign and Taiyuan Defence Campaign. 1937, 10 At the beginning of this year, the Japanese North China Army launched an operation aimed at capturing Taiyuan. From1mid-October to11early October, the battle of Xinkou was to defend Taiyuan. The effective cooperation of the Eighth Route Army was a successful example of military cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War. However, under the pursuit of the Japanese army, Taiyuan, China fell. The battle of Taiyuan is one of the battles with the most resolute resistance, the longest persistence and remarkable results in the North China theater, and it is also the battle with the best cooperation between the two armies.

33. Wayaobao Conference

On February 25th, 1935, China * * * Production Party held the the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Conference in Wayaobao, northern Shaanxi. The meeting adopted the "Resolution on the Current Political Situation and the Party's Tasks" and decided on the new strategy of establishing the anti-Japanese national united front. After the meeting, according to the resolution of the Central Committee, Mao Zedong made a report on "On Strategies against Japanese Imperialism" at the meeting of activists of the * * * Party. Have you analyzed the resolutions and reports? Nine? Eighteen? The basic changes in the domestic political situation since the Incident have pointed out the basic characteristics of the current situation, that is, Japanese imperialism wants to turn China into its colony, and the ethnic contradiction between China and Japan has become the main contradiction. The resolution and report focused on the theory and strategy of establishing the Party's anti-Japanese national united front. The meeting criticized the existence within the party? Left? The mistake of the closed-door policy. The Wayaobao meeting made political and theoretical preparations for the arrival of a new anti-Japanese climax.

34. Luochuan | Conference

In order to carry out the all-round anti-Japanese war line and formulate the program, principles and policies for defeating the Japanese aggressors, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held an enlarged meeting in Luochuan, northern Shaanxi on August 22-25, 1937, which was called Luochuan Meeting in history. At the meeting, Mao Zedong made a report on military issues, relations between the two parties and the basic tasks of China's * * * production party during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. At the meeting, he read out the "Decision on the Current Situation and the Party's Tasks" and the "Ten Programmes for Resisting Japan and Saving the Nation". The meeting pointed out that the central task in the new stage is how to win, and the key to victory is to implement the all-round anti-Japanese line of the * * * production party and oppose the one-sided anti-Japanese line of the Kuomintang.

35.Xi 'an incident

1936 12, Chiang Kai-shek forced Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu Red Army. Zhang and Yang, in the case of ineffective remonstrance, resolutely resisted military remonstrance and detained them. so this is it？ Xi incident? . After the incident; China * * * production party from the national justice; Send Zhou Enlai and others to negotiate with Chiang Kai-shek; Contributed to the peaceful settlement of the Xi incident. It has become the key to the ugly turning point of the times. Ten years of civil war basically ended, and the anti-Japanese national United front was formed.

36. On protracted war

Facing the call of the Kuomintang's theory of national subjugation and victory, Mao Zedong published "On protracted war" in 19385, analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of China and Japan, and pointed out that War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression is a protracted war, which will go through three stages: defense, stalemate and counterattack, and the final victory will surely belong to China. "On Protracted War" reveals the development law and strategic policy of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, inspires the confidence of the people of the whole country to win the Anti-Japanese War, and plays a great guiding role in the anti-Japanese War and its final victory.

37.？ Three-thirds principle

During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's period, China's * * * Production Party implemented it in the construction of base regime? The principle of three-thirds system. That is to say, among the courageous people of the anti-Japanese democratic regime, non-party member leftist progressives born in party member, who are not left and not right, account for 1/3. ? The three-thirds regime unites all classes and strata in favor of anti-Japanese and democracy; In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he devoted himself to China cuisine and exercised joint dictatorship over traitors and reactionaries, thus consolidating and expanding the anti-Japanese base areas and the anti-Japanese national united front.

38. Chongqing negotiations

In order to strive for peace and democracy, expose the conspiracy of Kuomintang reactionaries to fake peace talks and prepare for war; Unite and educate the people of the whole country. 1in March, 945, accompanied by Zhou Enlai and Wang Ruofei, Mao Zedong went to Chongqing to negotiate with the Kuomintang authorities regardless of his personal safety. After several days of struggle, China and China finally signed the Minutes of Talks between the Government and China Representatives, that is, the October 10th Agreement. The Chongqing negotiations bought time to beat back the Kuomintang's military attack and won the hearts of the people.

39.？ May 4th instruction?

1946.54, * * issued the "Instructions on Liquidation, Rent Reduction and Land Issues": known as the May 4th Instruction in history. The directive will definitely turn the party's policy of reduction and emergency reduction during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period into? Old people who farm land have land? Policy. Since then, after the liquidation struggle and reform movement in the two places, two-thirds of the farmers in the liberated areas have obtained land. The broad masses of peasants consciously rallied around the Party and actively joined the army, which laid a solid mass foundation for defeating Chiang Kai-shek and establishing a new China.

40. Three major battles

1948.9-1949.1China People's Liberation Army launched three campaigns, namely Liaoshen Campaign, Huaihai Campaign and Pingjin Campaign, and wiped out more than 65,438 Kuomintang troops +0.54 million troops, which was the decisive battle for China's * * production party to win national victory. The scale and results of its war are rare not only in China, but also in the history of world wars. The three major battles are the great victories of Mao Zedong's people's war thought. After the decisive battle, the reactionary Kuomintang clique collapsed and the China Revolution was on the eve of victory.

4 1. The Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee

1965438+In March 2009, the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee was held in Xibeipo Village, Pingshan County, Hebei Province. The meeting stipulated the Party's basic policies on politics, economy and foreign relations after the national victory, and pointed out the development direction of China's transformation from an agricultural country to an industrial country and a new democratic society to a socialist society. Decided to shift the party's work center from rural areas to cities. At the meeting, Mao Zedong warned the whole party that we must be modest, fearful, proud, calm and hard, and be alert to the attack of the bourgeois sugar-coated shells. The Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee made full political, ideological and theoretical preparations for China to win national victory and build a new China.

42. General route for the transition period

1953, China * * * production party put forward the general line for the transition period. It does stipulate that it is a transitional period from the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC) to the basic completion of socialist transformation. The general line and task of this period is to gradually realize the socialist industrialization of the country and the socialist transformation of agriculture, handicrafts and capitalist industry and commerce in a fairly long period of time. Under the guidance of the general line in the transitional period, the Communist Party of China (CPC) led the people to start planned socialist construction and systematic socialist transformation.

43. Primary stage of socialism

It focuses on the inevitable stage of building socialism under the conditions of backward productive forces and underdeveloped commodity economy, rather than the primary stage that any country will experience when it enters socialism. It includes two meanings: first, China society is a society full of social justice, and it must adhere to the principle that socialism is not open to the outside world; Second, China's socialist society is still in the primary stage, and we must proceed from this international stage and not surpass it. The theory of the primary stage of socialism provides a basis for China to formulate the correct line, principles and policies and carry out socialist modernization.

44. The theory of building socialism with China characteristics.

Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, based on the basic national conditions, centering on economic construction, adhering to the Four Cardinal Principles, persisting in reform and opening up, liberating and developing social productive forces, consolidating and perfecting the socialist system, building a socialist market economy, socialist democratic politics, advanced gospel culture and socialist harmonious society, and establishing a modern socialist country with rich, strong, democratic and civilized languages. It includes Deng Xiaoping's theory? Theory of Three Represents theory? Important thoughts and Scientific Outlook on Development's major strategic thoughts. It is the crystallization of the collective wisdom of the whole party and the people of the whole country and has a long-term guiding role in China's socialist modernization.

45. "On Ten Major Relationships"

1956 from February to April, Mao Zedong and others listened to the work reports of 34 departments in the State Council, including industry, agriculture, transportation, commerce and financial planning. On the basis of listening to the report, Mao Zedong gradually formed the basic idea of "On Ten Major Relationships", and made a report on "On Ten Major Relationships" at the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee on April 25th and the Supreme State Council on May 2nd. This report summarizes the preliminary experience of economic construction, draws lessons from the experience of Soviet construction, and puts forward ten major relations as a whole.

46.* * * Eight in China

September 1956 The Eighth National Congress of China * * * Production Party was held in Beijing. The congress correctly analyzed that after the completion of socialist transformation, the main contradiction in China is no longer the contradiction between the working class and the bourgeoisie, but the contradiction between the people's needs for the rapid development of economy and culture and the current situation that economy and culture cannot meet the people's needs; The main task of the people of the whole country is to concentrate on developing social productive forces, realize national industrialization and gradually meet the people's growing material and cultural needs; Although there is still class struggle and the people's democratic dictatorship needs to be strengthened, its fundamental task is to protect and develop productive forces under the new production relations. Practice has proved that the political and organizational lines formulated by the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China are correct, which points out the direction for the development of socialist cause and party building in the new historical period.

47. rectification movement

It started in May 194 1 and ended in April 1945. In order to unify the thinking of the whole party, the CPC Central Committee eliminated the leftists represented by Wang Ming. Correct opportunism and dogmatism, correct the problems still existing in the Party's style of study and style of writing, strive for War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, and lead the whole Party in a great ideological emancipation movement. It is a great pioneering work in the history of party building, which has established the ideological line of seeking truth from facts and dialectical materialism, greatly improved the thinking of cadres and made the party achieve unprecedented unity and further maturity.

These are the major events in the modern history of China compiled by Bian Xiao, and I hope they can help you. At the same time, I wish all candidates can prepare for the exam carefully and pass the exam smoothly!