From 65438 to 0978, the per capita living area of urban residents in China was only 3.6m2, and the number of households lacking housing reached 8.69 million, accounting for 47.5% of the total number of urban households. Practice shows that under the planned economy system, housing is completely contracted by the state, and the way of welfare distribution is not feasible.
1April, 980, Comrade Deng Xiaoping clearly pointed out that the housing reform should take the road of commercialization, thus opening the prelude to the housing system reform.
1982, the relevant departments of the state designed a "three-thirds system" scheme for subsidizing the sale of new houses, that is, the government, enterprises and individuals each bear13, and piloted it in Zhengzhou, Changzhou, Siping and Shashi.
In the pilot, it is verified that employees have the demand for buying houses and have a certain ability to pay. It also reveals that the low rent system of a large number of old public houses has not been touched, the price comparison between rent and purchase is unreasonable, individuals lack the motivation to buy houses, and housing construction funds cannot circulate on their own, making it difficult for the state and enterprises to bear this burden for a long time. So the relevant departments stopped this practice in 1985.
From 65438 to 0985, the reform of housing system changed from "three-thirds system" to the research and design of rent system reform. 65438-0986 Yantai, Tangshan and Bengbu were selected to carry out pilot housing reform, and the scheme of "increasing rent subsidy, combining rent and sales, promoting sales with rent and supporting reform" was tried out.
This pilot project has fundamentally shaken the deep-rooted concepts of housing welfare, hierarchy and consumption, basically solved the unhealthy trend of housing distribution, adjusted the interests of the state, enterprises and employees, and provided ideas for the national housing reform.
Second, the second stage: comprehensively promote and deepen reform from batch to stage.
1988, the first national conference on housing system reform was held in the State Council, and the Implementation Plan on Implementing the National Urban Housing System Reform by Stages was put forward.
1991June, the State Council issued the "notice on continuing to actively and steadily promote the reform of urban housing system", demanding that the existing public housing rent be raised to the cost price rent in a planned and step-by-step manner; Workers in the specified housing area, according to the standard price to buy public housing.
1In July, 1994, the State Council issued the "Decision on Deepening the Reform of Urban Housing System", which determined that the fundamental goal of housing reform is to establish a new urban housing system that is compatible with the socialist market economic system and realize the commercialization and socialization of housing; Accelerate housing construction, improve living conditions and meet the growing housing needs of urban residents.
Third, housing monetization and security system.
1In July 1998, the State Council issued the Notice on Further Deepening the Reform of Urban Housing System and Accelerating Housing Construction, announcing that from the second half of the same year, the physical distribution of housing will be completely stopped and monetized. It is the first time to establish and improve a multi-level urban housing supply system based on affordable housing.
By the end of 1998, housing distribution in kind had been completely stopped in China, and the urban housing system in China had undergone fundamental changes.
Since 2003, on the one hand, the central government has continued to promote the reform of the housing system, on the other hand, it has intensified the regulation and control of the real estate market. The State Council has successively issued a series of documents, such as "the first eight articles in China", "the last eight articles in China" and "the last six articles in China", and proposed to speed up the establishment and improvement of the housing security system suitable for China's national conditions while attaching great importance to stabilizing housing prices, especially the prices of ordinary commercial housing and affordable housing.
20 16 During the National People's Congress, Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Chen said in response to a reporter's question that the housing system is an important system of the country, which is related to people's livelihood, deepening reform and establishing new systems and mechanisms. The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that the direction of housing system reform should be clear, with meeting the housing needs of new citizens as the main starting point and establishing a housing system with both purchase and rent as the main direction.
Extended data:
The purpose and principle of reform:
1, the purpose of the reform
The goals of deepening the reform of urban housing system are: to stop the physical distribution of housing and gradually implement the monetization of housing distribution; Establish and improve a multi-level urban housing supply system based on affordable housing; Develop housing finance, cultivate and standardize the housing trading market.
fundamental principle
The basic principles of deepening the reform of urban housing system are as follows: under the guidance of national unified policy objectives, local governments make decisions separately, adjust measures to local conditions and do what they can; Adhere to the reasonable burden of the state, units and individuals; Adhere to the "new house system, old house law", smooth transition, comprehensive support.
Baidu encyclopedia-housing system reform
People's Republic of China (PRC) (China) National History Network-the course of housing reform in China: a comprehensive review