Treaty of nanking was originally called "Ten Thousand Years Peace Treaty" by the Qing court, also known as "White Gate Treaty" and "Jiangning Treaty", which was the first unequal treaty in the modern history of China.

The agreement was signed on August 29th 1842 (July 24th, Daoguang 22nd) by Jiao Ying, an imperial envoy of the Qing government, and Pu Dinghui, a British representative, aboard the British ship "Gao Huali" anchored on Xiaguan River in Nanjing, marking the end of the first opium war.

Nanjing is the capital of the Republic of China.

1927 On April 4th, members of the Kuomintang Central Committee Chiang Kai-shek, Hu, Wu Zhihui, Li Shiceng, Deng Zeru and Chen held a preparatory meeting for the Fourth Plenary Session of the Second Central Committee in Nanjing.

The meeting will abolish the Wuhan Kuomintang Central Party Department and set up the Nanjing Kuomintang Central Political Committee and Military Committee. Set Nanjing as its capital and establish a national government; Cancel the Wuhan National Government; Cancel resolutions such as party membership of cross-party elements.

18, Nanjing National Government held its inaugural ceremony in Nanjing. Cai Yuanpei granted the seal on behalf of the Central Party Department of the Kuomintang, and Hu Shouying came to Nanjing to exercise his functions and powers on behalf of the National Government.

A military parade was held at the inauguration ceremony. On the same day, the Letter to All Soldiers of the National Revolutionary Army was published, demanding that "armed comrades should also work hard for the party and the country with sincerity and take Comrade Wu () and Comrade Jiang () as guides".

Then he published the Manifesto of the National Government, claiming that during this period when the national revolution was progressing rapidly and the people eagerly expected its completion, the government accepted the opinions of most comrades in accordance with the wishes of the Prime Minister and started working in Nanjing on April 18 according to the resolution of the Central Political Conference.

Nanjing is more important than Wuhan in party affairs, politics, military affairs and geography. After the capital was established, the government's responsibility to lead the national revolution and build the Republic of China became more and more important.

3. Nanjing Defence War

Nanjing Battle, also known as Nanjing Battle, was a battle launched by China's army to defend the capital Nanjing and the Japanese invaders after the defeat of the Battle of Songhu.

In the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), 12, 1, the Japanese army base camp issued the "Mainland No.8 Order", ordering the Central China Army to cooperate with the navy and capture Nanjing in three ways. Chiang Kai-shek appointed Tang Shengzhi as Commander-in-Chief of the Capital Garrison to deploy the Nanjing Defence War.

Due to the disparity between the enemy and ourselves, the gate of Nanjing was successively captured by the Japanese army, and the defenders resisted and sacrificed countless times. 12, Tang Shengzhi orders from Chiang Kai-shek to order the defenders to retreat. Due to the chaotic retreat, most of the defenders were stranded in the city and slaughtered by the Japanese army, resulting in heavy losses.

4. Nanjing Massacre

The Nanjing Massacre refers to the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period 193 1 to 1945, China. After the defeat of defending Nanjing in the Republic of China and the fall of Nanjing in 1937+02+ 13, the Japanese invaders invaded Nanjing and its vicinity under the command of the commander of the Central China Dispatching Army Matsui Shigen and the head of the Sixth Division Gu Shoufu.

In the Nanjing Massacre, a large number of civilians and prisoners of war were killed by the Japanese army, and countless families were fragmented. The number of people killed in the Nanjing Massacre exceeded 300,000.

5. Battle of crossing the river

During the War of Liberation, the second, third and fourth field armies of China People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River in the middle and lower reaches, and carried out strategic offensive campaigns against the Kuomintang troops Tang and Bai Chongxi.

In February 1949, 1 1, the General Front Committee of the River Crossing Campaign was established in Zhang Caiyuan Village, Shangqiu, Henan Province.

1On March 23rd, 949, Commander Liu Bocheng successively drafted two teaching materials for crossing the river, namely, Research on Crossing the River and Tactical Guidance for Crossing the River before the Enemy, and then issued the Guidance Document for Tactical Precautions for Crossing the River, which stipulated ten important tactical principles for crossing the river and put forward specific and detailed requirements for the troops crossing the river.

1949 On April 20th, the Kuomintang government finally refused to sign the domestic peace agreement (final amendment). 2 1, Mao Zedong and Zhu De issued an order to March across the country.

1on the evening of April 20th, 949, and on April 20th, 2 1, the second and third field armies of the People's Liberation Army successively launched crossing the river in accordance with the orders of the Central Military Commission and the General Front Committee's "Implementation Outline of the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou Campaign".

With the support of artillery and engineers, they crossed the Yangtze River on the thousand-mile front from Hukou in the west to Jingjiang in the east, quickly broke through the defense of the Kuomintang army, occupied Guichi, Tongling, Wuhu, Changzhou, Jiangyin and Zhenjiang, and completely destroyed the Yangtze River defense line of the Kuomintang army.

On April 23rd, Nanjing was liberated by the Third Field Army and the Nanjing government collapsed.

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