What are the names of the eight most famous temples in Beijing?
Attendants: Long Fu Temple, Huguo Temple, Miaoying Temple, Purdue Temple, Lama Temple, Baiyun Temple, Tao Pan Temple and Dongyue Temple.
Detailed introduction of the eight temples
Long Fu Temple
It was built in Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty for three years (1425) and rebuilt in Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty for nine years. Long Fu Temple, covering an area of 20,000 square meters, was the only temple in Beijing in Ming Dynasty where Fan (Lama) and Zen (monk) lived together, and became a complete Lama Temple in Qing Dynasty.
Long Fu Temple has a large scale, and there are many bells and drums on the second floor. The Heavenly King Temple, the Balcony Temple, the Wanshan Temple, the Pyramid Temple, the King Kong Temple, the Dafa Temple, the temples and temples will naturally be filled with incense. Whenever temple fairs are held here on the first, second, ninth and tenth days of the lunar calendar, Long Fu Temple becomes the "first brother" of temple fairs in the inner city of Beijing. Every temple fair is crowded with people, where you can buy all kinds of local products, eat all kinds of snacks and watch folk operas.
After the founding of New China, the government built a large vendor market in the original site of Longfu Temple. From the end of 1970s to 1980s, the prosperity of 10 was ushered in. Unfortunately, a fire at 1993 made the Long Fu Temple, which once dominated the business circle of Beijing, depressed to this day.
National temple
Huguo Temple was built in the Yuan Dynasty. It was originally the official residence of Togtoh, the prime minister of the Yuan Dynasty, and was originally named Guo Chong Temple (North Temple). In the fourth year of Xuande in Ming Dynasty (1429), it was renamed Dalongshan Temple. In the eighth year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty (1472), it was named Dalongshan Temple to protect the country. In the sixty-first year of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1722), the temple was greatly repaired. The famous Huguo Temple, also known as the West Temple, echoed the Long Fu Temple in the East Temple.
The temple fair of Huguo Temple, like Longfu Temple Fair, is the so-called "East-West Temple". "Zhi Zhu Ci in Kyoto" says: "The East and West temples are genuine, which can cost millions a day. How many noble people are here, and the clothes are still fragrant. "
Today, there is no one in Huguo Temple, only one King Kong Hall and several affiliated halls are left. It has become synonymous with old Beijing snacks, and snacks such as pea yellow, bean juice and bean cake can be tasted here.
Miaoying temple
Miaoying Temple, commonly known as Baita Temple, is the gelug sect monasteries of Tibetan Buddhism. Built in the Yuan Dynasty, the temple was originally named "Da Sheng Shou Wan 'an Temple". According to records, it was built by Kublai Khan in Yuan Shizu and by Nepalese craftsmen. The White Pagoda in the temple is the oldest and largest Lama Temple in China.
The white pagoda of Miaoying Temple is 5 1 m high and consists of three parts: tower foundation, tower body and tower brake. The tower foundation is a three-story square folding Sumitomo with an area of 8 10 square meter. The tower is a huge chalk bowl, shaped like a gourd, like a monk's bowl upside down. The upper part is a conical long neck, and the tower body has 13. It is 2 meters high and there is a small Lama Tower at the top of the ceiling. These are unique to Tibetan Buddhist pagodas at present. There are 36 small copper bells hanging around the patterned copper plate on the top. The wind blows the bells, and the sound is crisp and pleasant. On the copper plate stands an eight-story copper tower brake, which is 5 meters high and weighs 4 tons. They are divided into several parts: lock seat, phase wheel, treasure cover and lock top.
By the middle and late Qing Dynasty, Miaoying Temple had gradually evolved into one of the famous temple fairs in Beijing. Every holiday is very lively, and the custom of "walking the White Pagoda on August 8" has been formed among the people in Beijing.
Pudu temple
Pudu Temple was built in the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, the same age as the Forbidden City, formerly known as Yudong Garden, also known as "Xiaonancheng", covering an area of nearly 10000 square meters, where the prince lived. The early Qing Dynasty was the residence of Regent Dourgen. Twenty years of Qianlong (1755) reconstruction and expansion. Later, Qianlong was given the name Pudu Temple, which was the last time in history, and it has been more than 260 years since.
The architecture of Pudu Temple is unique: it is built on a high platform with low windows. According to ancient architecture experts, this is the only typical Manchu-style cultural relic building in Beijing.
In 2002-2003, the government completely restored the abutment, main hall, mountain gate and north room of the abbot's courtyard. After obtaining archaeological data, the rest of the housing bases were backfilled, protected and afforested, and became public activity places in residential areas.
Lama Temple
The Lama Temple is located in the northeast corner of Beijing. In the thirty-third year of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1694), Emperor Kangxi built a mansion here and gave him four sons, Prince Yong, which was called the palace. In the third year of Yongzheng (1725), the palace was changed to the Lama Temple. In the 13th year of Yongzheng (1735), Yongzheng died and the coffin was parked here. As a result, the original green glazed tiles in the main hall of Yonghe Palace were replaced by yellow glazed tiles. Because Emperor Qianlong was born here, the Lama Temple produced two emperors, which became the "land of the Dragon Millennium". Therefore, the temple has yellow tiles and red walls, and the specifications are the same as those of the Forbidden City.
In the ninth year of Qianlong (1744), the Lama Temple was transformed into a formal Tibetan Buddhist temple and became the center of the Qing government in charge of Tibetan Buddhist affairs throughout the country. It can be said that the Lama Temple is the highest specification Buddhist temple in China in the middle and late Qing Dynasty.
The Lama Temple is mainly composed of three exquisite archways and five magnificent halls. It covers an area of 66,400 square meters and has more than 1000 halls, including countless treasures, which can be called the palace of art.
Baiyunguan
Baiyun Temple, built in the Tang Dynasty, is a sacred place for Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to worship Laozi. After the introduction of Jin Shizong, it was expanded on a large scale, renamed as Shifang Tianchang Temple, and rebuilt as Taiji Palace at the end of Jin Dynasty. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Baiyun Temple was destroyed by fire. During the reign of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, the overall layout and main temple regulations of Baiyun Temple were formed on the basis of large-scale reconstruction and expansion.
It is worth mentioning that at the end of Jin Dynasty, Qiu Chuji, one of the seven northern Zhens of Quanzhen Road, settled in Taiji Palace, and Genghis Khan changed it to "Changchun Hall". The following year, Qiu Chuji died, and his disciple Yin Zhiping took over Changchun Temple. He buried Qiu Chuji in Shuntang (now Qiuzu Hall), the lower house on the east side of Changchun Temple, and regarded him as the founder of Longquan School, and designated Baiyun Temple as the ancestral hall of Longmen School. Since then, there has been Dragon and Tiger Mountain in the south and Baiyun Temple in the north, which has become the center of northern Taoism.
Today's Baiyun Temple was rebuilt around Chushuntang in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Baiyun Temple faces south and is divided into four parts: Middle Road, East Road, West Road and Backyard, covering an area of 1 hectare. The main halls are located on the central axis, including the mountain gate, Lingguan Hall, Yuhuang Hall, Jiufa Hall, Qiuzu Hall, Sanqing Pavilion and other buildings. The annex hall and corridor are located on both sides of the central axis.
Baiyun Temple holds a grand event on the 19th day of the first month every year, which is called Alcohol and Tobacco Festival.
pantao palace
Now, walking on the green land on the southwest side of Dongbianmen overpass, you can see a stone tablet more than three meters high, surrounded by iron bars, which is the former site of Pantao Palace. Flat Peach Palace, whose real name is "Flat Peach Palace for Defending National Peace", was built in Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the first year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1662). It is one of the famous Taoist temples in Beijing.
From the Ming and Qing Dynasties to the Republic of China, there was a temple fair from the first day to the third day of March every year, which was called "Flat Peach Festival". There are only two halls in the Pantao Palace Temple. There are three mountain gates in front, a pair of flagpoles and a pair of stone lions in front, and a stone tablet to protect the Taiping Pantao Palace. There is a bell and drum tower behind the mountain gate, the front hall is the Lingguan Hall, and the back hall is the Doumu Hall, which is dedicated to the statue of the Queen Mother of the West. 1987 demolition. The preserved cultural relics include glazed tiles of the "Flat Peach Festival" in Qianlong period and a stone tablet of "Taiping Palace Monument".
dongyue temple
Beijing Dongyue Temple was founded in 13 19 yuan with a history of 700 years. Destroyed by the war at the end of Yuan Dynasty, it became the largest orthodox Taoist temple in northern China after several expansions. Because of its grand scale, spectacular momentum, exquisite decoration and ingenious conception, it is known as the first Taoist temple in North China.
Dongyue Temple covers an area of 96 mu and has more than 600 buildings. Outside the temple gate, there is a green glazed archway built in the Ming Dynasty, with the words "Keith Daizong" engraved on the front and "Yan Yong Di Zuo" engraved on the back, which is said to have been written by Yan Song, a cabinet record of the Ming Dynasty. Entering the temple gate, there are Drum Tower and Bell Tower on the east and west sides, two stone tablets on the north side, a Qianlong Imperial Book on the east side and a tablet without words on the west side. Dongyue Temple is known as "the small forest of steles in Beijing". There are more than 65,438+040 stone tablets in the temple. After several wars, there are only twenty or thirty stone tablets left.
Daizong Hall is the main building of Dongyue Temple, with majestic walls and blue tiles. The main hall is dedicated to the Emperor and Empress of Dongyue. Among them, there are more than 3,000 statues in the whole temple, and the figures are different in shape and lifelike, so it is said that the statues of Dongyue Temple are the best in the world.
In 2008, Beijing Dongyue Temple returned to Taoism. At this point, there is another mysterious maoshan taoist in Dongyue Temple, which has been interrupted for more than 70 years. Beijing Folk Museum is also located here. Interested friends may wish to have a look.