The first day of the second volume of historical manuscripts 1
Historical manuscripts: magical ancient legends
1, the formation of Huaxia nationality Yan Di and Huangdi tribe formed an alliance, which later developed into Huaxia nationality and became the predecessor of Han nationality.
2. Yan Di: No, Shennong, who teaches people to farm, is the founder of agricultural production. "Taste a hundred herbs" to find herbs for people to treat diseases.
3. The Yellow Emperor-the ancestor of mankind (later generations think that the Yellow Emperor is the founder of Chinese civilization. Many inventions: making weapons, making cars, boats and palaces, teaching people to dig wells and dyeing five-color clothes.
4. Yao Shunyu: According to legend, after the Yellow Emperor, Yao Shunyu was an outstanding tribal alliance leader in the Yellow River valley of China. At that time, the abdication system was adopted, and the leader of the tribal alliance was democratically elected. (Basis for abdication: virtue and talent)
Yao: frugal, simple and loving the people.
Shun: Diligent and filial to parents.
Yu: Water control is meritorious.
Historical manuscript of the second volume of the first grade: the birth of the imperial examination system
(1) During Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, in order to change the system of selecting officials since Wei and Jin Dynasties, a new method of selecting officials was adopted.
⑵ During Yang Di's reign in Yang Di, an examination system was formally established to assess candidates' views on current affairs and select talents according to examination results, and the imperial examination system was formally born.
2. Perfection of the imperial examination system: In the Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system was gradually improved. Among the permanent examination subjects, two subjects are the most important, and Tang Taizong, Wu Zetian and Tang Xuanzong are the key figures to improve the imperial examination system.
(1) Emperor Taizong: (1) Expand the scale, expand the school building and increase the number of students; ② Strict admission of candidates (the admission rate of Jinshi is only 1.2%).
⑵ Wu Zetian: Wu Zetian founded the Imperial Examination and Imperial Examination.
(3) Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty: ① When Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, it became the main examination content of Jinshi; ② Xuanzong personally interviewed candidates for eight times.
3. The influence of the imperial examination system: (1) The imperial examination system has been improved;
(2) The imperial examination system promoted the development of the imperial examination;
(3) The imperial examination system promoted the development of the imperial examination;
Historical manuscript of the second volume of the first day of junior high school: the rule of Zhenguan
1, the rule of the Sui Dynasty is very similar to that of the dynasty, and it only experienced two emperors. The second emperor of Sui Dynasty practiced tyranny, which eventually led to the peasant uprising at the end of Sui Dynasty. (Sui Dynasty: 58 1-6 18)
2. The establishment of the Tang Dynasty: The founder was Li Yuan (Tang Gaozu), and the capital was in. After Emperor Gaozu abdicated, it spread in Li Shimin, namely Emperor Taizong, with the title of.
During the reign of Emperor Taizong, many rectification measures were taken, which made the politics of the Tang Dynasty clearer, the economy developed rapidly and the national strength gradually became stronger. Historically, the rule at that time was called "".
The measures taken by Emperor Taizong are:
(1) Learn from the lessons of the Sui Dynasty;
② Attach importance to agricultural production and reduce people's burden;
3 pay attention to thrift;
(4) Rectifying official management;
⑤ Appoint talented people and accept guidance with an open mind.
4. "Fangmou DuDu" refers to the two prime ministers who were reused during the period of Emperor Taizong. The most famous admonisher at that time was Tang Taizong, who compared him to a mirror that could "know the gains and losses".
She is the only female emperor in the history of China. She changed the name of the Tang Dynasty to "Tang Dynasty". During her reign, she continued to implement the policy of Tang Taizong to develop agriculture and select talents, further developed the social economy and strengthened the national strength of the Tang Dynasty. People call her rule.
Xiang Liang followed Fan Zeng's advice, reorganized the uprising team, and elected Sun Xin, the grandson of Chu Huaiwang, as the King of Chu, still calling him.
In addition, Xiang Liang won several battles in a row, beating Zhang Han out of the water. Xiang Liang was too proud to take Qin Jun seriously. Who knows, Zhang Han made a comeback and launched a fierce counterattack against Xiang Liang. Xiang Liang was caught off guard and died. Xiang Yu and Liu Bang were also forced to retreat to Cheng Peng.
Zhang Han took advantage of the situation and led Qin Jun to the north, laying the capital of Zhao (not Zhao in the Warring States period, but a newly established regime) in one breath. Zhao Wangxie hurriedly fled to Julu (now southwest of Pingxiang, Hebei Province) and sent reinforcements to Chu Huaiwang.
Chu Huaiwang summoned soldiers to attack Xianyang, the capital. He said, "Whoever goes to Xianyang first will be crowned king."
Both Xiang Yu and Liu Bang are willing to go. Chu Huaiwang let liu bang to play xianyang; Tell Xiang Yu to attack Zhang Han in the north and besiege Julu 300,000 Qin Jun. Xiang Yu was eager to avenge his uncle Xiang Liang and tried to fight Zhang Han. Chu Huaiwang was afraid that Xiang Yu was too powerful to be easily controlled, so he worshipped Yi Song as a general. Worship Xiang Yu as the lieutenant and seal him as Duke Lu; As the last general, Fan Zeng led 200,000 troops to Julu to fight Zhang Han.
In 207 BC, Yi Song led the Chu army to Anyang (now southwest of Anyang, Henan Province) and stayed for more than ten days. Xiang Yu was so anxious that he ran to Yi Song and repeatedly told him to March. Yi Song is worried that Qin Jun is too strong to hold its ground. On the 46th day, Xiang Yu once again asked to March. Yi Song patted the table and said angrily, "Are you against it? How dare you disobey my orders! " Xiang Yu was furious and took advantage of the situation to draw his sword and kill him.
Xiang Yu came out and said to the soldiers, "Yi Song disobeyed the king's orders and stayed where he was. I am ordered by the king to put him to death. "
The soldiers elected Xiang Yu as the acting general. Xiang Yu sent someone to report to Chu Huaiwang, and Chu Huaiwang had to make Xiang Yu a general.
Xiang Yu sent Ying Bu and General Pu to cross the Zhanghe River with 20,000 troops. Qin Jun was defeated in a confrontation. Xiang Yu led all the troops across the river. When all the troops crossed the Zhanghe River, he ordered the soldiers to bring three days' dry food, smash all the rice cookers of the troops and sink all the ships. This is how the idiom "cross the rubicon" comes from. He said to the soldiers: "This battle is only allowed to enter, and it is not allowed to retreat; If you are three days late, you will lose! "
When Chu Jun and Qin Jun were at war, Xiang Yu gnashed his teeth and went straight to Zhang Han. Zhang Hanben wanted to pretend to defeat Xiang Yu, but where did he know that Chu soldiers were worth ten feet and ten were worth a hundred? Xiang Yu's painting Ji is even more elusive, and he was so anxious that he stabbed countless people. The horse he rode chased the deserters like flies. Zhang Han's troops scrambled to flee everywhere, but all the troops that met on the path were in chaos. Zhang Han escaped by himself.
Half of the soldiers in the state of Qin were killed or injured. Then all the governors elected Xiang Yu as the general of the governors, and all the governors' troops were under his command. Xiang Yu was about to catch up with Zhang Han when Fan Zeng, the counselor, stopped him and said, "Zhang Han still has 1.2 million troops, which will not be wiped out for a while. Zhao Gao is so bossy, II is so fatuous, and Zhang Han has lost the battle, so they won't let him go easily. We might as well station troops and wait for their internal quarrels. We will fight directly and win a great victory. "
Sure enough, Fan Zeng expected. Zhang Han reported Qin Jun's defeat and asked II to send troops again. Zhao Gao said that Zhang Han was incompetent and asked II to investigate the defeated soldiers. The generals in Zhang Han were very angry, so Sima Xin suggested that Zhang Han surrender to Xiang Yu. Zhang Han had to send Sima Xin to Chuying to make peace with Xiang Yu. Fan Zeng advised Xiang Yu not to care about past hatred. Xiang Yu agreed, and made a covenant with him, named him King Yong, made Sima a general, and told him to take 200,000 troops at the front to surrender to Chi. Xiang Yu personally took Zhang Han and led various governors to fight in the west.
1. First, we draw a border on the four corners of the handwritten newspaper, draw it with wavy lines, leave a little blank in the middle, and write the theme in a lower position.
2. Then we draw the ancient house in the middle blank, draw the bridge willow, and the layout of the whole handwritten newspaper is completed.
3. Start coloring now. First, color the subject words in blue, the houses in yellow and red, the rivers in blue, the bridges in light brown and the willows in green.
4. Then color the border. We use cyan, yellow, red and blue to draw the border.
5. Finally, draw horizontal lines in four sections, and a super simple historical handwritten newspaper will be completed!