Wei, Shu and Wu all established their own countries and proclaimed themselves emperors. The reason why the Sima family won different titles for its monarch after submitting to the Jin Dynasty was mainly due to political needs.
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It is customary for the new dynasty to knighthood the lords of the old dynasty. After Xian Di and Liu Xie abdicated, they were made princes. When a country is destroyed or a new dynasty is established, there will be knighthood for the former king, but the situation is different.
After the destruction of Shang Dynasty, Wu Geng, his son, was sealed in Yin, named Tai State and sacrificed to the ancestral temple of Shang Dynasty, but his title was not recorded. Because Wu Geng colluded with Guan Shu and Cai Shu, he was wiped out by the Duke of Zhou.
Because of Shang Zhouwang's dissolute excesses, Di Renjie, the eldest son of Shang Zhouwang, readily accepted the ritual vessels and surrendered to the Zhou Dynasty. After the King of Wu succeeded to the throne in Shang Dynasty, he was granted the title of son in Song Dynasty.
Xunzi Confucian records: "Duke Zhou ruled the world at the same time, establishing 7 1 country, and Ji lived alone with 53 people."
The titles of the Zhou Dynasty are divided into five categories: public, hou, bo, zi and public, with public being the highest. Like Zhou Gongdan and Jiang Taigong, they made such a great contribution, but they were just named Marquis. There are only a few vassals:
Yu Ji, Qi Huangong. After Prince Zhong Yong, the King of Wu succeeded in business. After Zhong Yong, Taibo Zhang Zhou became Wu Jun, and his other son was named Yugong.
Duke of Ji Guo. Exactly, and the text. Zhong, Bi Shu, scholar, royal family, joint residence. And the second brother who loves him is the so-called Erguo. Wu Wang succeeded in doing business and sealed the bell in Guo City, southeast of Hongnong Shaanxi County. Duke of Ji Guo. Exactly, and the text. Zhong, Bi Shu, scholar, royal family, joint residence. And the second brother who loves him is the so-called Erguo. Wu Wang succeeded in doing business and sealed the bell in Guo City, southeast of Hongnong Shaanxi County.
Because the emperor of the Zhou dynasty was called Wang, the monarch of the vassal state could not match the king. Duke is a vassal state like other titles, but with different grades.
Zhou Wuwang only named the descendants of his parents Duke, and the highest contributor and children were Marquis. However, the descendants of the former Shang Dynasty were raised for the public, the only public except Ji's surname, so it was not too thick.
After Qin Shihuang became emperor, he abolished the system of enfeoffment and changed it to the system of twenty ranks. The highest level is Liehou, which is divided into three levels: county, township and pavilion.
When the Qin Dynasty perished, Zi Ying, the king of Qin, surrendered to Liu Bang. Xiang Yu killed Zi Ying after he entered Xianyang. Xiang Yu enfeoffed the eighteen princes, but did not enfeoffment the descendants of Qin, which is probably one of Xiang Yu's most blunders.
After Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, the princes with different surnames made him flustered, and the princes with different surnames who had to be enfeoffed were gradually removed, so that he could not care about those things in the previous dynasty. On his deathbed, he swore to the white horse of his ministers: "If Liu is not king, the world will attack him." From then on, East and West Han people followed this rule and generally no longer enfeoffed governors with different surnames.
After Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, he relegated Liu Yuxin Ying to Ding 'an Gong (also known as Ding 'an Gong), with thousands of households in one city and hundreds of miles of fiefs. Along the way, Wang Mang went from the public to the fake emperor and then to the real emperor. Apart from the aristocratic revolution and the civilian revolution, China's dynasties opened another example of usurpation, euphemistically called "abdication".
After Cao Pi accepted Xian Di's abdication, he made Liu Xie and Xian Di family members, allowed them to offer sacrifices to the Han Dynasty in their own fiefs, and established ancestral temples to offer sacrifices to the Han Dynasty. This basically followed the old system after Wang Mang abdicated, but Cao Pi gave Xian Di much better treatment than Wang Mang. This may be because the world is not unified, there are Shu and Wu, and it is considered from political needs.
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Liu Chan, the Lord of Shu, was awarded the music.
In the sixth year of Jing Yao (263), Si Mazhao sent Zhong Hui and Deng Ai to crusade against Shu. Wei smuggled Wargo to Yinping, conquered Mianzhu, arrived at the gates of Chengdu and surrendered.
According to the Biography of the Three Kingdoms and Shu Shu, after Shu Han's death, Si Mazhao moved Liu Chan, the late ruler, and Shu Han, the minister, to Luoyang, and named Liu Chan an Le Gong. There are 10,000 silks, 100 handmaiden, and other supporting items. Three descendants of Liu Chan were appointed captains, and more than 50 were appointed Marquis. Shang Shuling ordered Fan Jian, Shao, Dr. Qiao Zhou of Guanglu, Secretary Ling Yongzheng, and Zhongdu to seal the Hou in the temple.
From the historical origin, Liu Chan was awarded the title of An Le Gong, which is in line with the usual practice, not that he is thick, but that he is not thin. Emperors who died later generally followed this tradition.
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Sima Yan accepted the abdication and Wei Zhu was appointed as Chen Liuwang.
In 265, the second year of Emperor Xianxi, Sima Yan accepted the abdication of Cao Huan, the Wei Emperor, and established the Jin Dynasty for Emperor Wudi. Emperor Wu of Jin made Cao a man, with a city of thousands of households and a palace in Yecheng, and gave him the right to use the standard, prepare a five-point auxiliary car, perform Wei official ceremonies, and worship heaven and earth in the suburbs, following the ritual and music system of Wei Chu, calling him a non-vassal and not subject to imperial edict.
Judging from the position, treatment and outcome that Sima Yan gave Cao Huan, it can be said that he was the best among the kings who perished in the past dynasties. This is also due to political needs. Cao Cao greeted the emperor and made princes. At this time, the Han family had existed in name only, and Cao Cao gained the hegemony after a lifetime of hard work.
After Cao Pi inherited the title of Cao Cao, at least in Wei State, people's hearts and ministers had already surrendered to Cao Wei. Cao Pi's acceptance of Xian Di's abdication should be in line with the hearts of most people and ministers. Xelloss named Xian Di Duke of Yang Shan, which is also in line with the general tradition.
But abdication was forced after all, and it was not really passed on to others. Even his own son rarely took the initiative to pass on the throne, let alone outsiders. This has caused many criticisms from Chinese people and future generations.
Sima Yan's acceptance of the demise of Cao Wei will be criticized more than that of Cao Pi. This is not only in later generations, but also among ministers and people at that time.
At that time, Sima Fu, the teacher, was also the minister of Sima. When Cao Huan left the city, he took Cao Huan's hand and said with tears, "I will be a loyal minister of Wei until I die."
Sima's superior is unable to change the situation, but many ministers don't recognize it in their hearts, just out of helplessness. This is very different from the situation when Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor. In order to win the hearts and minds of the people, it is understandable that Sima Yan particularly likes Cao Huan.
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Wu Zhusun surrendered and was sealed alive.
In the fourth year of Tianji (280), Sun Hao led Prince Sun Jin and others to voluntarily surrender to the gate of Wang Junying in Jin. Then it was sent to Luoyang, Jindun and sealed to Minghou. At this time, it has been more than ten years since the Jin Dynasty was established. Wu, who lives in a corner of the south of the Yangtze River, had a long struggle with the rulers.
After Dai Wei proclaimed himself emperor, he was ambitious and prepared to send troops to destroy Wu and unify the whole country. However, it was strongly opposed by conservatives headed by Qiu Jiachong, who thought: "Wu has the natural barrier of the Yangtze River and is good at water warfare, so it is difficult for northerners to win. Moreover, in recent years, Xianbei has sent troops against Jin, and it is not a good time to destroy Wu at this time. "
But yang hu, Zhang Hua, Du Yu and others think that Sun Hao is extremely corrupt and cruel, and this is the time to destroy Wu. If the opportunity is missed, it will be quite difficult for Wu to establish a new master and make great efforts to destroy Wu. The two factions disagreed, and finally Sima Yan sided with the hawks.
After ten years of full preparation, Sima Yan sent 200,000 troops to attack Wu Dong in six directions. This process naturally broke Sima Yan's brain. After the destruction of Wu, it is conceivable that Sun Hao is unlikely to get any generous treatment again.
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There is a difference in raising the reward, which is entirely out of political needs.
After Sima Yan proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of Wei, his heart was not relaxed. He knows very well that although he ascended the throne, the crisis still exists. From the inside of the imperial court, his grandfather, uncle and father killed Cao Shuang and his affiliated three families in order to seize the throne for Sima's family. The cruel slaughter still leaves a shadow in people's hearts.
From the outside, although Shu Han was razed to the ground, Sun Wu was still there. Although Sun Wu is not enough to compete with Jin, he is still a big threat.
In order to consolidate the political power and complete the great cause of reunification, we must adopt the policy of appeasement. In the first year of the throne, Sima Yan ordered Chen Liuwang and Cao Huan to carry the emperor's banner and Wei Zhengshuo, and all etiquette systems followed the Wei system. At the same time, the son of Anle Palace was given the surname Xu, and the imprisonment of the Han family was lifted in the second year.
These measures not only eased the internal worries of the imperial court, especially eliminated Cao Shijia's psychological fear of Sima's ruling group, but also played a role in netting people who sympathized with Cao Wei and settled people's hearts, thus winning the favor of Wu people.
However, after the reunification of the country, Sun Hao, the ruler of the State of Wu, has lost any use value. Moreover, during Sun Hao's reign, he was dissolute and heartless. In the eyes of Wu's subjects, he is not a wise monarch, but a complete tyrant. Excessive courtesy will arouse the resentment of Wu Chenmin, which is not conducive to future rule.
This is politics. In fact, Sima Yan is still very clever and correct in dealing with three different kings.