Xia Dynasty is the first written dynasty in the history of China, and it is also the origin of Chinese civilization. The rise of the Xia Dynasty marked that the history of China entered the stage of civilized society. The founder of Xia Dynasty was Dayu, a hero in ancient legends of China and an expert in water control. Dayu was named the first monarch of Xia Dynasty for his meritorious service in water control. The Xia Dynasty was founded about 2 1 century BC, also known as the Xia Dynasty.
Second, the political system of Xia Dynasty
The political system of Xia Dynasty was mainly a feudal system based on hereditary system. The state power in Xia Dynasty was concentrated in the hands of the monarch, who had absolute power. The monarchs of Xia Dynasty were honored as "sons of heaven", and they maintained their dominant position through etiquette. The regime of Xia Dynasty was inherited mainly by hereditary means, that is, the son of the monarch inherited his father's throne. The political system of Xia Dynasty laid the foundation for the later Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
Third, the economic development of Xia Dynasty.
The economy of Xia Dynasty was dominated by agriculture, and agricultural production was the pillar of society at that time. People in Xia Dynasty began to use bronzes, which played a positive role in improving agricultural production efficiency. In addition, the Xia dynasty also developed handicrafts, such as pottery and textile industry. The economic prosperity of Xia dynasty also promoted the development of cities, and some cities mainly engaged in commercial trade appeared.
Fourthly, the characteristics of Xia and Shang culture.
Xia and Shang culture is an important part of Chinese civilization, with distinctive characteristics. Xia and Shang culture pays attention to etiquette and worships ancestors, which has continued in China culture to this day. Xia Shang culture also attached importance to music and dance, and the emperors of Xia Dynasty often held music and dance festivals to enhance the prestige of their rule. In addition, there are rich myths, legends and epics in Xia and Shang cultures, such as Shan Hai Jing and Shang Shu, which have a far-reaching impact on the cultural development of later generations.
Five, the decline of Xia and Shang civilizations
After centuries of prosperity, Xia and Shang civilizations gradually declined. There are two main reasons for the decline of Xia and Shang civilizations. First of all, the class contradiction in Xia-Shang society became more and more serious, which led to social instability. Secondly, the scientific and technological level of Xia and Shang civilizations is relatively backward, which can not meet the needs of social development. These factors eventually led to the collapse of Xia and Shang civilizations.
Sixth, the influence of Xia and Shang civilizations.
The decline of Xia-Shang civilization did not make Chinese civilization disappear, on the contrary, it had a far-reaching impact on later generations. The political system of Xia-Shang civilization laid the foundation for later generations, and the ideas and values of Xia-Shang culture continue to this day. The scientific and technological achievements of Xia and Shang civilizations also provided experience and enlightenment for the development of later generations. The decline of Xia-Shang civilization is a part of the historical process, which provides important historical experience for the rise and development of later dynasties.
final result
Xia and Shang Dynasties are the origin of Chinese civilization, which indicates that the history of China has entered the stage of civilized society. The rise of Xia Dynasty, political system, economic development and cultural characteristics, as well as the decline and influence of Xia and Shang civilizations, are all important components of the development of Chinese civilization. The historical experience and cultural heritage of Xia and Shang civilizations have a far-reaching impact on the development of later generations. The decline of Xia and Shang civilization did not make Chinese civilization disappear. On the contrary, it provided important historical experience for the rise and development of later dynasties. The rise and fall of Xia and Shang civilizations is a part of China's historical process, which laid the foundation for the continuation and development of Chinese civilization.