Compared with Super 35mm imager, the imaging area of Quan Huafu imager is more than doubled, and the viewing angle is wider and the depth of field is shallower.
Quan Huafu imager is the largest imager widely used at present. Thanks to the innate advantages of full-frame and the blessing of various cutting-edge technologies, Quan Huafu has been widely regarded as the cutting-edge technology representing the development direction of digital cinema.
The infinite possibilities brought by Quan Huafu:
Experience the excellent images taken by FX9 and Cinalta V cameras.
The history of Quan Huafu
The determination of the physical dimensions of Quan Huafu imager can be traced back to the early 20th century. 35mm film became the general standard for film production, and later became the standard for 135 film photography. In traditional film production, the film passes through the camera vertically, and various image formats can be shot.
One of them is 3 Perf(3 Punching), a movie uses three holes in each frame, which is equivalent to a single 24.89mm x 14mm widescreen frame, usually called Super 35mm (Super 35mm), or S35 for short. When taking photos, the film moves horizontally in the camera, forming the largest image format that all popular 35mm films can provide, that is, 36mm and 24mm frames. There are eight holes used in the film, which are traditionally called Quan Huafu.
265438+At the beginning of the 20th century, digital cameras with S35 imager (including Sony's revolutionary F35) proved to be enough to challenge film cameras, which set off a digital revolution in Hollywood and even the whole world. However, for the next generation of movie cameras, manufacturers began to consider building an imager larger than S35, or even larger.
Alister Chapman, a famous filmmaker, explored the creative advantages of Quan Huafu's films.
The powerful advantages of Quan Huafu imager
Quan Huafu adopts the frame size of 35mm film camera, which enables the new digital camera to use the same lens and lens holder as the old film camera. Picture style and feeling, shooting skills, framing, focusing and depth of field are the same as those of traditional cameras. Backwards compatibility S35 and other formats.
A wider field of vision
Because Quan Huafu imager is larger than S35, it can naturally capture wider images. Shooting from the same position with the same lens, a full-frame camera can let you see a wider scene, which is very useful in some cases. The following figure can illustrate this point.
Quan Huafu (65438+
Creative depth of field
Quan Huafu imager provides the shooting ability of shallow depth of field by maximizing the creativity of large aperture lens. By using the lens with the largest aperture and Quan Huafu imager, the effect of shallow depth of field can be easily achieved in the picture. Shallow depth of field makes all the scenes appear out of focus, thus highlighting the specific objects in the scene. The audience can be subconsciously guided to look at some objects in the scene as part of the script or storytelling process.
Shallow depth of field
Due to Quan Huafu's flexible format
Using Quan Huafu-sized imager, especially 6K pixel imager, the camera can support multiple shooting formats by selecting different scanning areas. The 6K Quan Huafu imager can provide 6K Quan Huafu, 4K S35 and various widening modes * 1. This means that with the imager, you can choose to shoot with a special Quan Huafu focal plane, S35 focal plane or anamorphic widescreen lens. When using 4K S35 scanning mode, the shooting performance of full-frame camera will be better than that of traditional 4K S35 camera.
Sony's Cinalta V (Venice, foreign country) camera supports many optional imaging modes and aspect ratios, basically covering all the commonly used modes in the film industry.
PXW-FX9V (hereinafter referred to as FX9) also supports 2K Super 16mm scanning mode *2.
The V3.0 firmware of * 1 FX9 will support the function of squeezing the viewfinder and displaying the border of the distorted lens.
The V3.0 firmware of *2 FX9 will support 2K super 16 mm scanning mode.
CineAltaV 6K Quan Huafu imager
4K Deformable Widescreen Lens (4:3)
High resolution, strong over-development ability and excellent clarity.
Due to the larger size of Quan Huafu imager, it means that higher resolution (more photosites) or higher sensitivity (larger photosites) can be achieved, which is usually a careful combination of the two. High resolution can also be combined with over-developed technology, that is, the number of pixels captured by the imager is higher than the final recorded image. In the camera, advanced image processing is used to improve the picture definition and keep more details, but if a small imager with lower resolution is used, the definition and details may be lost.
Use different imager photosite arrays with similar resolutions.
By using 6K Bayer pixels, a detailed picture is restored.
Image from left to right: Bayer pattern layout, Bayer pattern processing, full color to Bayer.
Quan Huafu is a super mining industry, which has created excellent 4K, UHD ultra-HD and HD images.
In the process of signal sampling, when the frequency components contained in the input signal exceed half of the sampling frequency (Nyquist frequency), aliasing noise will occur. When the resolution decreases, aliasing noise is easy to appear. By using the 6K Quan Huafu imager to take 4K images, the aliasing noise can be reduced and the images can be clearer.
A richer choice of lenses
Quan Huafu Imager allows you to use many Quan Huafu and S35 lenses, cameras and focal planes.
The traditional front-illuminated imager used in FS7II and the back-illuminated imager used in FX9.
Quan Huafu and new technology.
Besides the advantages of Quan Huafu imager, there are other technologies that can further improve the performance and creative flexibility in practical operation.
Dynamic range and Exmor R
The dynamic range is usually divided into several steps, measured by aperture or aperture. A good imager can distinguish more gray levels between black and white. For example, the dynamic range of human eyes is about 10- 15.
Quan Huafu Imager has a loose design space and a larger photosensitive spot, thus providing a higher dynamic range. The Exmor R imager of Sony FX9 camera further enhances this advantage by fundamentally rearranging the pixel structure, as shown in the following figure. Therefore, the dynamic range that Sony Quan Huafu Imager can achieve is equivalent to the human eye, and even exceeds this level.
Digital imager has the best performance when it is set to basic ISO (basic ISO is also called benchmark ISO, native ISO). Using this basic ISO value, you will get the best low noise balance, the best signal-to-noise ratio and almost the largest dynamic range. This is because the signal of the imager has no amplification or gain (voltage) under the basic ISO setting. Increasing the gain and ISO can make the picture look brighter, but at the same time it will also increase noise, which will reduce the recordable dynamic range in most cases. If the gain is increased, the brightness and noise of the image will double, so the image quality will decrease. If you use analog film, such as ASA 400, particles may make people feel happy and enhance the artistic sense of the image, but it is difficult to bring a similar feeling by adding digital noise.
To avoid this situation, Quan Huafu imagers of Cinalta V and FX9 cameras are equipped with bistatic ISO. Double reference means that the imager has two different sensitivities to light. In each basic ISO, there is little difference in image quality. The dynamic range and color are almost the same, and there is no obvious difference in noise.
Cinalta V has a basic ISO of 500, which provides the best dynamic range under standard field lighting conditions. Another high foundation is ISO 2500, which has excellent shooting ability in low light and high dynamic range environment. FX9 has the basic sensitivity of ISO 800, which can provide the best dynamic range for outdoor or bright indoor shooting. The high basic sensitivity of ISO 4000 is very good in low light. You only need to choose to use the basic ISO that is most suitable for on-site lighting, and the picture quality will not change significantly, and there is no need to change the workflow.
Low basic ISO
High basic ISO
Creative application of Quan Huafu electronic stepless variable speed Nd filter
FX9 is the world's first full-frame camera with electronic ND (gray patch) filter. Its operation is very simple, and there is no need to manually install and replace the fixed filter element. This is a great advantage. By combining Quan Huafu's large aperture automatic aperture lens with electronic ND filter, we can create unprecedented scene changes. When the ND filter is changed during shooting, the aperture will be automatically adjusted to maintain a good exposure, thus changing the depth of field with the illumination of the scene. If the lens is not of the automatic aperture type, there is no problem! Just switch the electronic ND filter to automatic and adjust the aperture when shooting, and the same effect can be produced.
For more information about how to use the electronic ND filter, please refer to the technical guide of electronic ND filter.
Sony's advanced Quan Huafu autofocus.
For full-frame cameras with excellent performance, it is also a challenge to achieve shallow depth of field-because photographic assistants need to maintain accurate focus. For high-end movie cameras like Cinalta V, manual focusing is a tradition. However, for other applications that don't follow the pre-designed shot script, such as documentary or news shooting, manual focusing is sometimes unrealistic.