Since ancient times, there have been signs of human activities in Shanxi Province, which is one of the cradles of Chinese civilization. Archaeology shows that in ancient times, southern Shanxi was the birthplace of human beings. The discovery of the "Century Shu Ape" fossil in Yuanqu County, Yuncheng City has advanced the appearance time of apes by 6.5438+million years.
In the early Paleolithic period, about 6.5438+0.8 million years ago, primitive people flourished in Jinnan area of Shanxi Province. Among them, the burnt bones found in Xihoudu Cultural Site in Ruicheng County of Yuncheng pushed forward the history of human use of fire discovered in China by 6.5438+0 million years. About 10-20000 years ago, in the middle paleolithic period, there were relatively concentrated primitive people and villages on both sides of Fenhe River in Shanxi and in Datong and Shuozhou.
In the late Neolithic period, the south of Shanxi had become the center of many countries at that time. The discovery and research results of Taosi Site in Xiangfen County, Linfen show that it is the capital of Yao Emperor and the earliest place where China was located. This made Yao Shunyu, a prehistoric legend in China, change from a legend to a belief about 4,500 years ago, and the 5,000-year history of Chinese civilization was confirmed.
Extended data:
Shanxi history and culture:
1 dialect
Jin dialect is used in most parts of Shanxi, Zhongyuan Mandarin is used in most parts of southern Shanxi, and Jilu Mandarin is used in Guangling County. "Jin" is the only unofficial dialect in northern China. Jin dialect is different from Mandarin, and its biggest feature is to retain tones. Most gold has five shades. The tone of Jin dialect has a very complicated phenomenon of continuous tone sandhi. An old-fashioned and amiable Jin character. The Jin Dynasty retained many features of ancient China.
2. Opera
Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of China's traditional opera art, and is known as the "cradle of traditional opera". In the Han Dynasty, China opera sprouted in Shanxi. During the Northern Song Dynasty, various local dramas in Shanxi were very prosperous, which was the earliest form of China's drama. During the Yuan Dynasty, Shanxi became the center of the national opera art, and the stage of Yuan Zaju found all over the country was in Shanxi (south of Shanxi).
In the Ming Dynasty, folk artists from Zhou Pu, Shaanxi, Tongzhou, Shaanxi and other places reformed the singing method of Zhou Bei Opera and developed the "Zhou Pu Bangzi" opera. Since then, Bangzi has been combined with Tuxi in Jinzhong, Jinbei and Southeast Shanxi, and gradually formed the Bangzi of Zhonglu, Beilu and Shangdang.
In the mid-Qing Dynasty, China opera began to compete between "Huabu" (Bangzi) and "Ya Bu" (Kunqu Opera). Shanxi folk opera competition is also all the rage. In big towns and villages, two troupes are often invited to perform at the same time and sing "two-person turn". From 65438 to 0980, the investigation of the State of Jin showed that there were 54 kinds of local operas in Shanxi, accounting for one sixth of more than 300 kinds of operas.
3. festivals
Shanxi is one of the earliest places where festivals and folk customs appeared. China has long insisted on using the lunar calendar, which is the calendar used in the history of Xia Dynasty. The south of Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of Xia Dynasty. In the north of Shanxi, Hu Hanmin people have lived together for a long time, forming a seasonal folk custom with local characteristics.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Shanxi Famous Places
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Shanxi