Beijing, referred to as Beijing for short, was called Yanjing and Peiping in ancient times. It is the capital of People's Republic of China (PRC), a provincial administrative region, a municipality directly under the Central Government, a national central city and a megacity. The State Council approved China as a political center, a cultural center, an international exchange center and a scientific and technological innovation center.

Beijing is also a famous cultural city with a history of more than 3,000 years and a capital history of more than 850 years. In history, five dynasties established their capitals here. It is a famous historical and cultural city in the world and one of the four ancient capitals in China. As early as 700,000 years ago, the primitive community Beijingers appeared in Zhoukoudian, Beijing. The earliest name of Beijing is thistle.

Beijing natural environment

The mountainous area of Beijing is 10200 square kilometers, accounting for 62% of the total area, and the plain area is 6200 square kilometers, accounting for 38% of the total area. The terrain of Beijing is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The average altitude in Beijing is 43.5 meters, the altitude in Beijing Plain is 20 ~ 60 meters, and the altitude in mountainous areas is generally 1000 ~ 1500 meters.

Beijing's climate is a typical semi-humid continental monsoon climate in the north temperate zone, with high temperature and rainy summer, cold and dry winter and short spring and autumn. The frost-free period of the whole year is 180 ~ 200 days, which is shorter in the western mountainous area. In 2007, the average rainfall was 483.9 mm, which is one of the most rainy areas in North China. The seasonal distribution of precipitation is very uneven, and 80% of the annual precipitation is concentrated in June, July and August in summer.

The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Beijing.