1, Xia dynasty: about 2029 BC-about 1559 BC.

2. Shang Dynasty: about 1559 BC-about 1046 BC.

3. Zhou dynasty: about 65438 BC+0046 BC-256 BC.

4. Qin Dynasty: 2265438 BC+0-206 BC.

5. Western Chu: 206 BC-202 BC.

6. Western Han Dynasty: 202 BC-8 AD.

7. New Dynasty: December 8 -65438+ AD 231October 6.

8. Xuanhan: 23-25 AD.

9. Eastern Han Dynasty: AD 25-220.

10 Three Kingdoms: 220-280 AD.

1 1, Jin Dynasty: AD 265-420.

12, Southern and Northern Dynasties: 420-589 AD.

13, Sui Dynasty: 58 1- 6 18.

14, Tang dynasty: 6 18-907.

15, Five Dynasties: 907-960.

16, top ten kingdoms: 89 1-979.

17, Song Dynasty: 960- 1279.

18, Yuan Dynasty: A.D. 127 1-1368.

19, Ming dynasty: 1368- 1644.

20. Qing Dynasty: A.D. 1644- 19 12.

China has a long history. According to the ancient tradition, there was China in 2000 BC, with a history of about 4,000 years, which is usually called "five thousand years up and down". In the 5,000-year history, there are many touching and meaningful stories. Many of them are recorded in writing. As for the ancient situation five thousand years ago, there is no written record, but some myths and legends are circulating.

Where did our ancestors come from? In ancient times, there was a myth that Pangu opened heaven and earth. It says that before the heavens and the earth opened, the universe was just a mass of chaotic gas, and there was no light or sound in it. At this time, a Pangu appeared and split the chaos with a big axe. Light gas rises to the surface and becomes the sky; Heavy gas sinks and becomes the ground.

From then on, the sky was ten feet high, the ground was ten feet thick, and Pangu himself was ten feet high. In this way, in 18,000 years, the sky will be high and the ground will be thick. Of course, Pangu also became a giant with indomitable spirit. Later, when Pangu died, all parts of his body became the sun, moon, stars, mountains, rivers, vegetation and so on.

This is the creation myth.

Myth is just a myth after all, and no one will believe that there is such a thing. But people like this myth. Speaking of history, they often say that it started with "Pangu created the world". This is because it symbolizes the great spirit and rich creativity of human beings to conquer nature.

So, where should human history begin? Later, with the development of science, the fossils excavated from the ground proved that the earliest ancestors of mankind were apes transformed from ancient apes.

Chinese scientists have unearthed many ape-man skeleton fossils and relics all over the motherland, and we can see that the earliest primitive humans in China have a history of more than one million years. Yuanmou ape-man found in Yunnan, about1700,000 years ago; Lantian ape-man unearthed in Shaanxi is about 800,000 years ago. Take the famous Peking man as an example. It has a history of 400,000 to 500,000 years.

Here, let's start with Beijingers. Beijingers live in Zhoukoudian area. At that time, the climate in northern China was milder and wetter than it is now. Under the mountain, there are trees, shrubs and lush weeds. Fierce tigers, leopards, wolves, bears and other wild animals haunt forests and Shan Ye. Elephants, rhinoceroses, cows and sika deer also grow there.

The strength of ape-man can't compare with these fierce beasts, but the fundamental difference between them and any animal is that ape-man can make and use tools. This tool is very simple, one is a stick and the other is a stone. There are many sticks in the Woods, but they have all been cut down; As for the stone, it was smashed by hand. Although rough, it is a tool made by people after all.