Six doors are "rotten streets"
Let's start with a hard-core science popularization. In the novel, there are six offices among the four famous arrests. In fact, it is not only in Beijing, but also all over the country. Six doors actually refers to the six doors of the yamen. Therefore, the nickname of yamen is "Six Doors". This is not the FBI in China. Although there aren't six doors, there are really experts in solving crimes.
There is no shortage of experts in solving crimes in the history of China, and many dramas have been broadcast. For example, how to treat Fiona Fang's Di Renjie, the legendary black-faced selfless Bao Zheng, and the forensic master Song Ci. Aside from folk love, these guys really have some skills in solving crimes. It is said that when they closed the case, they unconsciously revealed the emergence of a kind of folk consciousness, that is, "law." It is said that the ancient society ruled by man, where did it come from? Although this method is different from other methods, we have really embarked on the road of "ruling the country according to law" since the Qin Dynasty. Who let others faction is "legalist"? "The Book of Shang Jun" wrote: "The emperor has three judges, the temple official has one judge, the suggestion official has one judge, and the prime minister has one judge."
Ancient China was a country ruled by law.
Since the Qin dynasty began to implement the legal system, law enforcement personnel have been deployed from the central government to the local government in turn. There are corresponding law enforcement personnel at all levels, from Tingwei of Sangongfu to counties. Even in rural areas, there are misers who pay taxes and go to jail. Further down, although Li Zheng and Ting Chang are more like aunts in neighborhood committees, civil disputes can still be handled.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, due to the collapse of the gate valve system, the imperial examination system came into being, and the ascending channel of the cold door was opened again. In the system of three provinces and six departments, the legal department is still indispensable, but the place is rather chaotic at this time. Consistent with the TV series, at this time, both the local officials and the arraignment have the right to investigate the case. The chaos of this system was not really subdivided until the Ming Dynasty.
Zhu Yuanzhang is a very capable emperor, who directly banned all three provinces, and his own emperor and prime minister shouldered heavy burdens. At the local level, I also sorted out the chaos of law enforcement departments. Everyone here should remember that after the Ming Dynasty, local officials did not investigate cases, and they were all works of classical history.
In the Ming Dynasty, the county magistrate was accompanied by three helpers: Xian Cheng, Dian Shi and Zhu Shu. Among them, classical history is mainly responsible for hearing cases. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang set up a third-class and six-room in the local area. You should be inspired by this number. This is the sixth grade. The third-class officials are quick and strong, and the bookkeepers in six rooms are officials, households, ceremonies, soldiers, criminals and workers. Six rooms are easier to understand, so what is this third class? Many people may be embarrassed.
It turns out that the director is not simple.
Let's talk about these three types of officials first. This fast-growing soap refers to their characteristics. Soap certainly doesn't mean soap, but most officials wear soap-colored clothes. The main job of the soap class is to do odd jobs for the sheriff. For example, escort, etiquette and yamen duty are all their jobs.
A strong class is a strong man, whose main job is guarding the city, watching the warehouse, escorting and so on. Because there were guards in the Ming Dynasty, the function of Zhuangban was mainly the latter.
This fast class is the work of delivering letters, patrolling at night and arresting people. Later, they were divided into a fast-catching class, and our fast-catching will appear soon. The people in the arresting class are mainly responsible for arresting people, which is also called "arresting service". There is also a person called "Aauto is faster". "seize the service, arrest the bandit official service"; Automation is faster, and so is the official thief-catching service. Because of their similar functions, they were later collectively referred to as catching fast.
In fact, the profession of catching fast has existed since ancient times, but it was not called that at that time. The earliest recorded period is the Dayu period. At that time, Dayu was in charge of water conservancy and called tribal leaders. Everyone is here, but the wind is late. So Dayu put on a good show of "making an example of others". After the wind was arrested by some people, some people questioned and finally convicted and beheaded. Of course, there are people here who have corresponding law enforcement personnel to implement it.
In the Tang Dynasty, those who were in charge of law enforcement were called bad guys. After reading "The Longest Day in Chang 'an", you will understand that bad guys are similar to catching fast. Before the rebellion, Qin Qiong's greatest ambition was actually to make a quick career, which can be described as "ambitious". Of course, Qin Qiong, who wants to be a general, can't be a catcher.
We can see what it is like to catch a fast from a bad guy. Bad guy literally means bad guy. At that time, Chang 'an gathered a group of idlers in the market and formed a team of bad guys. Their main job is to walk the streets and lanes and maintain the security between wells in Chang' an city. Because these idlers are wandering around the city and outside, they know more about the people and roads than the government. In this way, the pressure on the government has plummeted.
But we need to know who these people are. The so-called idle people are actually people who are not in the flow and have a low social status. And why should the government recruit such a group of people to be bad guys? That is, catching fast is itself a profession with low social status.
Grasping quickly means grasping well, and the word "serving" has proved their low status. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, they belonged to a humble nation, no different from slaves who advocated Excellence. Until the late Qing Dynasty, the arresting officer never turned over. In modern TV series, the police play the same role as the ancient police, but their functions are similar. In reality, not so many ancient people wanted to be catchers.
What can ancient women be?
In ancient times, son preference was much more serious than now. This lightness is not contempt, but can't be called Ding. In ancient times, it was basically unrealistic for women to be officials without considering it. As for wanting to be "Wu Zetian", we must see if we can satisfy Tang Gaozong.
Could that woman be a policewoman? Of course this does not exist, and a policewoman is not a policewoman. Catcher is a humble citizen, and it is impossible for civilians to let their "good women" do a humble job. In the ancient society, women worked with their families when they were young and got married when they grew up. If you are a wealthy family, you can establish contacts and alliances through marriage. Even ordinary people can get some compensation by getting married or exchanging each other's daughters as wives. In such a society, it is unrealistic for women to go out to work. How can there be such a career as a female catcher?
However, female friends should not be sad. In ancient yamen, there was only one occupation for women, that is, female prison, the only female prison director. Women's prisons are people who take care of women's cells. Ancient times paid attention to the difference between men and women. If men take care of them, even prisoners will have a lot of troubles and problems. Besides, there are no women working in the yamen.