The Capital of the Yellow River and the Hometown of the Yellow Emperor —— Zhengzhou, China.
Zhengzhou has a long history. As early as 3600 years ago, this was the capital of Xia and Shang Dynasties. Xia, Shang, Yi, Guan, Zheng and Han established their capitals six times (Dengfeng, Xinmi, Zhengzhou and Xinzheng), and the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties set up their countries here. It is one of the eight ancient capitals in China and also the "eight ancient capitals". 3600 years ago, it was one of the important capitals of Shang Dynasty. There are Peiligang culture (Xinzheng, Henan Province) dating back 8000 years, and Yangshao and Longshan cultural sites such as Dahe Village and Qinwangzhai dating back 5000 years. According to historical records, Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, was born in Xuanyuan Mountain (Xinzheng, Henan), and some scholars think that Xuanyuan Mountain refers to xinzheng city, which is now under the jurisdiction of Zhengzhou. The Collection of Records of the Historian Zhou Benji records that he lived in Henan in summer, first in Yangcheng and then in Yangzhai. In Xia Dynasty, its capital was Yangcheng (now Dengfeng City, Zhengzhou). During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Zheng and Han successively established their capitals in Xinzheng (the vassal state of the Zhou Dynasty at that time) for more than 500 years. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Xingyang, Gong, Jing, Xinzheng and other counties were first located in Zhengzhou. Later dynasties set up Xingyang County, North Yuzhou and Yingzhou in Zhengzhou. In the third year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 583), Xingzhou was changed to Zhengzhou. In the 16th year of Emperor Yangdi Huang Kai (AD 596), the county was located in Guancheng District. After the capital Bianjing was established in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhengzhou belonged to Gyeonggi Province (now Kaifeng City), and was built as Xifu in Chongning four years (A.D. 1 105), becoming one of the four auxiliary counties in the Song Dynasty. Jin Dynasty, transferred to Nanjing Road (now Kaifeng City). In the fourth year of Jin Zhenyou (12 16), Guancheng was renamed the old city and later Guancheng county. In the second year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1724), Zhengzhou was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, which was placed under Henan Province. In the early Ming Dynasty, Zhengzhou was placed under Kaifeng Prefecture. Zhengzhou was Zheng County in Qing Dynasty. At the beginning of the 20th century, due to the intersection of Pinghan Railway and Longhai Railway in Zhengzhou, the economy of Zheng County developed rapidly. 1923, the "February 7th strike" broke out in Zheng County. This general strike dealt a heavy blow to imperialism and reactionary warlords, showed the great strength and heroic fighting spirit of the working class in China, and wrote a glorious page in the history of the workers' movement in China. To commemorate the strike, a memorial hall of "227" was built in the former site of Han Jing Railway Federation of Trade Unions. There are "Erqi" Square and "Erqi" Memorial Tower in the city center. This is a symbol of the glory of this heroic city. Therefore, Zhengzhou is called "the city of Erqi". Now the heart-shaped city center has become the' Erqi Business Circle', which is the most developed area in Zhengzhou. 19 13 Change Zhengzhou into Zheng County. 1928, Zheng county was changed to Zhengzhou city. 193 1 Change the city to Zheng County. 1933 is the residence of the first administrative inspector office in Henan province. 1948101On October 22nd, the People's Liberation Army of China liberated Zhengzhou and established Zhengzhou. From 65438 to 0954, the people's government of Henan Province moved from Kaifeng to Zhengzhou, and Zhengzhou became the capital of Henan Province. The long history has left a rich cultural accumulation for Zhengzhou. There are more than 0/400 cultural relics in the city, including 26 national cultural relics protection units. Songshan Scenic Area is one of the 44 key scenic spots in China and a demonstration site of national civilized scenic spots. Shaolin Temple, the first temple in the world, is located at the foot of Songshan Mountain, from which Shaolin Kung Fu at home and abroad was spread to the world. There are also the earliest astronomical buildings in China, that is, the Zhougong Observatory and the Stargazing Observatory in the Yuan Dynasty, Songyang Academy, one of the four major academies in China in the Song Dynasty, and Zhongyue Temple, the largest existing Taoist complex in China, which are scattered around Zhengzhou, with ancient cities, ancient cultures, ancient tombs, ancient buildings, ancient passes and ancient battlefield sites. Xuanyuan Huangdi, Liezi, Zichan, Shen Buhai, Han Feizi, Zheng Guo, Chen Sheng, Sean, Pan An, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Li Shangyin, Gao Gong, Li Jie and Li Chi Xing were all born in counties and cities under Zhengzhou's jurisdiction. The Central Plains is the earliest settlement of the Chinese nation and one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization. Since the early years of Yanhuang, there have been a number of sites in Zhengzhou that occupy an important position in China's cultural history, art history and metallurgical history. Zhengzhou is one of the "Eight Ancient Capitals" in China and the capital of the Yellow Emperor, located in Xinzheng, Zhengzhou. The early Xia Dynasty was the capital, which is Dengfeng and Xinmi in Zhengzhou today. In Shang dynasty, it was the capital in the early and middle period, and it was the capital of Bo and the capital of Ye. The Eastern Zhou Dynasty is the capital of Zheng He and South Korea. Excluding the Yellow Emperor period, as the capital, it is 38 1 year. Among them, there are famous shopping mall sites earlier than "Yin Ruins in Anyang", Dahe Village, which includes Yangshao culture, Longshan culture and Shang culture in three different historical periods, Pei Ligang, which fills the gap in the early Neolithic history before Yangshao culture in China, and Guxing iron smelting site, which is of great significance to the study of metallurgical history in China. The age involved is from Neolithic Age to Han Dynasty. These sites provide a lot of valuable material for studying the composition of ancient China society, the lifestyle of China ancestors and the development and evolution of China culture.
Zhengzhou is located in the hinterland of China, among Kyushu and the thoroughfare of ten provinces. Wan Li Yellow River in the north, Zhongyue Songshan in the west, Huanghuaihai Plain in the east and south, at east longitude112 42'-1414' and north latitude 3416. Zhengzhou is a plain city with a monsoon climate in the north temperate zone, with an annual average temperature of 14.3℃ and an average precipitation of 640.9 mm. It has four distinct seasons and has its own characteristics. The hottest in July, with an average temperature of 27.3℃, and the coldest in 65438+ 10, with an average temperature of 0.2℃. Zhengzhou is blessed with natural resources. At present, there are 34 kinds of proven mineral resources such as coal, aluminum, bauxite, refractory clay, cement limestone, oil soil and quartz sand. The variety of refractory clay is complete, with a reserve of 654.38 billion tons, accounting for half of the province's reserves; Bauxite reserves are 654.38 billion tons, accounting for 30% of the province; Natural oilstone mine is one of the largest oilstone bases in China with excellent minerals. The total area of the city is 7446.2 square kilometers, and the urban area is 10 10. 3 square kilometers, of which the built-up area is 484 square kilometers. Jurisdiction over 6 districts and 5 cities 1 county: Jinshui District, Erqi District, Zhongyuan District, Guancheng District, Huiji District, Shang Jie District, Zhengdong New District, gongyi city, Dengfeng City, Xingyang City, xinmi city, xinzheng city and zhongmou county. The total population of the city is 752 1 000, and the population of the built-up area is 3.6 million.
Zhengzhou has a long history, splendid culture and rich tourism resources. Xuanyuan Huangdi's hometown, Peiligang cultural site, Dahe village site and shopping mall site have recorded her civilization history of more than 8,000 years. The Yellow River, which is dominated by the Yellow River tourist area and Dahecun ruins, has a cultural tourism group with China characteristics, and Songshan Scenic Area, which is dominated by Shaolin Temple and Songshan National Forest Park, has added infinite charm to Zhengzhou.
Songshan Mountain: the middle of the five mountains, with its main peak in Dengfeng City, is a cultural holy land where Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism are integrated, and a world geological park. Shaolin Temple: "The First Temple in the World" is located in Shaoshi Mountain in the west of Dengfeng, the ancestral home of Zen Buddhism in China, the birthplace and symbol of China Wushu. Songyang Academy, one of the four ancient Chinese academies, is located at the southern foot of Songshan Mountain in Dengfeng City, a holy place of Confucian culture. "In heaven and earth", Dengfeng ancient historical buildings and world cultural heritage. Yellow River Tourist Area: a famous tourist attraction in Zhengzhou. Imperial Tomb of Northern Song Dynasty: Zhongyue Temple, one of the three imperial tombs in gongyi city and China, is located in Dengfeng, a famous Taoist shrine in the Central Plains. Du Fu's hometown: located in gongyi city, Zhengzhou.